343 research outputs found
Hubungan Malaria Dengan Tnf-α Dan Kadar Hemoglobin Pada Ibu Hamil Di Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara
: As an infectious transmitted disease, malaria has been a tremendous health problem around the world. Indonesia is determined as one of the 104 malaria-endemic countries in the world. Pregnant women are easier infected by malaria compared with the general population. People suffered from malaria may have low haemoglobin and high TNF-α levels. The increased TNF α level may cause bad complication or mortality in malaria patient. This study aimed to determine the levels of hemoglobin and TNF-α among pregnant woman with malaria in Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara. This was a cross-sectional study. Samples were obtained by using purposive sampling method. Besides using questionnaire, there were three laboratory tests conducted in this study: peripheral blood smear with Giemsa staining for detection of plasmodia; hemoglobin level with rapid test hemoglobin; and TNF-α level with ELISA. The bivariate analysis showed that of 72 pregnant women there was only one (1.4%) with positive malaria and increased TNF-α level. There was no pregnant woman with malaria had low hemoglobin level. The chi square test showed a P value 1,00 (α = 0,05). Conclusion: There was no relation between plasmodium infection and the levels of TNF α and hemoglobin among pregnant women in Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara
Quantifying orbital Rashba effect via harmonic Hall torque measurements in transition-metal|Cu|Oxide structures
Spin-orbit interaction (SOI) plays a pivotal role in the charge-to-spin
conversion mechanisms, notably the spin Hall effect involving spin-dependent
deflection of conduction electrons and the interfacial spin Rashba-Edelstein
effect. In recent developments, significant current-induced torques have been
predicted and observed in material systems featuring interfaces with light
elements \textit{i.e.} possessing a weak SOI. These findings challenge existing
mechanisms and point to the potential involvement of the orbital counterpart of
electrons, namely the orbital Hall and orbital Rashba effects. Here, we
establish, in Pt|Co|Cu|AlOx stacking, the comparable strength between the
orbital Rashba effect at the Cu|AlOx interface and the effective spin Hall
effect in Pt|Co. Subsequently, we investigate the thickness dependence of an
intermediate Pt layer in Co|Pt|Cu|CuOx, revealing the strong signature of the
orbital Rashba effect at the Cu|CuOx interface besides the well-identified Pt
intrinsic spin Hall effect. Leveraging such contribution from the orbital
Rashba effect, we show a twofold enhancement in the effective torques on Co
through harmonic Hall measurements. This result is corroborated by
complementary spin Hall magneto-resistance and THz spectroscopy experiments.
Our results unveil unexplored aspects of the electron's orbital degree of
freedom, offering an alternative avenue for magnetization manipulation in
spintronic devices with potential implications for energy-efficient and
environmentally friendly technologies using abundant and light elements.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure
A field study of team working in a new human supervisory control system
This paper presents a case study of an investigation into team behaviour in an energy distribution company. The main aim was to investigate the impact of major changes in the company on system performance, comprising human and technical elements. A socio-technical systems approach was adopted. There were main differences between the teams investigated in the study: the time of year each control room was studied (i.e. summer or winter),the stage of development each team was in (i.e. 10 months), and the team structure (i.e. hierarchical or heterarchical). In all other respects the control rooms were the same: employing the same technology and within the same organization. The main findings were: the teams studied in the winter months were engaged in more `planning’ and `awareness’ type of activities than those studies in the summer months. Newer teams seem to be engaged in more sharing of information than older teams, which maybe indicative of the development process. One of the hierarchical teams was engaged in more `system-driven’ activities than the heterarchical team studied at the same time of year. Finally, in general, the heterarchical team perceived a greater degree of team working culture than its hierarchical counterparts. This applied research project confirms findings from laboratory research and emphasizes the importance of involving ergonomics in the design of team working in human supervisory control
Pairing fluctuations and pseudogaps in the attractive Hubbard model
The two-dimensional attractive Hubbard model is studied in the weak to
intermediate coupling regime by employing a non-perturbative approach. It is
first shown that this approach is in quantitative agreement with Monte Carlo
calculations for both single-particle and two-particle quantities. Both the
density of states and the single-particle spectral weight show a pseudogap at
the Fermi energy below some characteristic temperature T*, also in good
agreement with quantum Monte Carlo calculations. The pseudogap is caused by
critical pairing fluctuations in the low-temperature renormalized classical
regime of the two-dimensional system. With increasing temperature
the spectral weight fills in the pseudogap instead of closing it and the
pseudogap appears earlier in the density of states than in the spectral
function. Small temperature changes around T* can modify the spectral weight
over frequency scales much larger than temperature. Several qualitative results
for the s-wave case should remain true for d-wave superconductors.Comment: 20 pages, 12 figure
Measurement of the neutron capture cross section of the s-only isotope 204Pb from 1 eV to 440 keV
The neutron capture cross section of 204Pb has been measured at the CERN
n_TOF installation with high resolution in the energy range from 1 eV to 440
keV. An R-matrix analysis of the resolved resonance region, between 1 eV and
100 keV, was carried out using the SAMMY code. In the interval between 100 keV
and 440 keV we report the average capture cross section. The background in the
entire neutron energy range could be reliably determined from the measurement
of a 208Pb sample. Other systematic effects in this measurement could be
investigated and precisely corrected by means of detailed Monte Carlo
simulations. We obtain a Maxwellian average capture cross section for 204Pb at
kT=30 keV of 79(3) mb, in agreement with previous experiments. However our
cross section at kT=5 keV is about 35% larger than the values reported so far.
The implications of the new cross section for the s-process abundance
contributions in the Pb/Bi region are discussed.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, article submitted to Phys. Rev.
New measurement of neutron capture resonances of 209Bi
The neutron capture cross section of Bi209 has been measured at the CERN n
TOF facility by employing the pulse-height-weighting technique. Improvements
over previous measurements are mainly because of an optimized detection system,
which led to a practically negligible neutron sensitivity. Additional
experimental sources of systematic error, such as the electronic threshold in
the detectors, summing of gamma-rays, internal electron conversion, and the
isomeric state in bismuth, have been taken into account. Gamma-ray absorption
effects inside the sample have been corrected by employing a nonpolynomial
weighting function. Because Bi209 is the last stable isotope in the reaction
path of the stellar s-process, the Maxwellian averaged capture cross section is
important for the recycling of the reaction flow by alpha-decays. In the
relevant stellar range of thermal energies between kT=5 and 8 keV our new
capture rate is about 16% higher than the presently accepted value used for
nucleosynthesis calculations. At this low temperature an important part of the
heavy Pb-Bi isotopes are supposed to be synthesized by the s-process in the He
shells of low mass, thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch stars. With the
improved set of cross sections we obtain an s-process fraction of 19(3)% of the
solar bismuth abundance, resulting in an r-process residual of 81(3)%. The
present (n,gamma) cross-section measurement is also of relevance for the design
of accelerator driven systems based on a liquid metal Pb/Bi spallation target.Comment: 10 pages, 5figures, recently published in Phys. Rev.
Resonance capture cross section of 207Pb
The radiative neutron capture cross section of 207Pb has been measured at the
CERN neutron time of flight installation n_TOF using the pulse height weighting
technique in the resolved energy region. The measurement has been performed
with an optimized setup of two C6D6 scintillation detectors, which allowed us
to reduce scattered neutron backgrounds down to a negligible level. Resonance
parameters and radiative kernels have been determined for 16 resonances by
means of an R-matrix analysis in the neutron energy range from 3 keV to 320
keV. Good agreement with previous measurements was found at low neutron
energies, whereas substantial discrepancies appear beyond 45 keV. With the
present results, we obtain an s-process contribution of 77(8)% to the solar
abundance of 207Pb. This corresponds to an r-process component of 23(8)%, which
is important for deriving the U/Th ages of metal poor halo stars.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev.
High-accuracy determination of the U 238 / U 235 fission cross section ratio up to ≈1 GeV at n-TOF at CERN
Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOIThe U238 to U235 fission cross section ratio has been determined at n-TOF up to ≈1 GeV, with two different detection systems, in different geometrical configurations. A total of four datasets has been collected and compared. They are all consistent to each other within the relative systematic uncertainty of 3-4%. The data collected at n-TOF have been suitably combined to yield a unique fission cross section ratio as a function of neutron energy. The result confirms current evaluations up to 200 MeV. Good agreement is also observed with theoretical calculations based on the INCL++/Gemini++ combination up to the highest measured energy. The n-TOF results may help solve a long-standing discrepancy between the two most important experimental datasets available so far above 20 MeV, while extending the neutron energy range for the first time up to ≈1 GeV.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio
Towards the high-accuracy determination of the 238U fission cross section at the threshold region at CERN - N-TOF
The 238U fission cross section is an international standard beyond 2 MeV where the fission plateau starts. However, due to its importance in fission reactors, this cross-section should be very accurately known also in the threshold region below 2 MeV. The 238U fission cross section has been measured relative to the 235U fission cross section at CERN - n-TOF with different detection systems. These datasets have been collected and suitably combined to increase the counting statistics in the threshold region from about 300 keV up to 3 MeV. The results are compared with other experimental data, evaluated libraries, and the IAEA standards
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