Reparametrization Invariance of Path Integrals

We demonstrate the reparametrization invariance of perturbatively defined one-dimensional functional integrals up to the three-loop level for a path integral of a quantum-mechanical point particle in a box. We exhibit the origin of the failure of earlier authors to establish reparametrization invariance which led them to introduce, superfluously, a compensating potential depending on the connection of the coordinate system. We show that problems with invariance are absent by defining path integrals as the epsilon-> 0 -limit of 1+ epsilon -dimensional functional integrals.Comment: Author Information under http://www.physik.fu-berlin.de/~kleinert/institution.html . Latest update of paper also at http://www.physik.fu-berlin.de/~kleinert/kleiner_re289/preprint.htm

Gauge Unification and Quark Masses in a Pati-Salam Model from Branes

We investigate the phase space of parameters in the Pati-Salam model derived in the context of D-branes scenarios, requiring low energy string scale. We find that a non-supersymmetric version complies with a string scale as low as 10 TeV, while in the supersymmetric version the string scale raises up to ~2 x 10^7 TeV. The limited energy region for RGE running demands a large tan(beta) in order to have experimentally acceptable masses for the top and bottom quarks.Comment: 11 pages, LaTeX, 7 figures include

Gauge coupling flux thresholds, exotic matter and the unification scale in F-SU(5) GUT

We explore the gauge coupling relations and the unification scale in F-theory SU(5) GUT broken down to the Standard Model by an internal U(1)Y gauge flux. We consider variants with exotic matter representations which may appear in these constructions and investigate their role in the effective field theory model. We make a detailed investigation on the conditions imposed on the extraneous matter to raise the unification scale and make the color triplets heavy in order to avoid fast proton decay. We also discuss in brief the implications on the gaugino masses.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures, references and extended comments on KK thresholds effects adde

One loop matching coefficients for a variant overlap action--and some of its simpler relatives

I present one-loop perturbative calculations of matching coefficients between matrix elements in continuum regulated QCD and lattice QCD with overlap fermions, with emphasis a recently-proposed variant discretization of the overlap. These fermions have extended (``fat link'') gauge connections. The scale for evaluation of the running coupling constant (in the context of the Lepage-Mackenzie fixing scheme) is also given. A variety of results (for additive mass renormalization, local currents, and some non-penguin four-fermion operators) for naive, Wilson, clover, and overlap actions are shown.Comment: 17 pages, Revtex, 11 postscript figures. COLO-HEP-48

Unification, KK-thresholds and the top Yukawa coupling in F-theory GUTs

In a class of F-theory SU(5) GUTs the low energy chiral mass spectrum is obtained from rank one fermion mass textures with a hierarchical structure organised by U(1) symmetries embedded in the exceptional E_8 group. In these theories chiral fields reside on matter `curves' and the tree level masses are computed from integrals of overlapping wavefuctions of the particles at the triple intersection points. This calculation requires knowledge of the exact form of the wavefuctions. In this work we propose a way to obtain a reliable estimate of the various quantities which determine the strength of the Yukawa couplings. We use previous analysis of KK threshold effects to determine the (ratios of) heavy mass scales of the theory which are involved in the normalization of the wave functions. We consider similar effects from the chiral spectrum of these models and discuss possible constraints on the emerging matter content. In this approach, we find that the Yukawa couplings can be determined solely from the U(1) charges of the states in the `intersection' and the torsion which is a topological invariant quantity. We apply the results to a viable SU(5) model with minimal spectrum which satisfies all the constraints imposed by our analysis. We use renormalization group analysis to estimate the top and bottom masses and find that they are in agreement with the experimental values.Comment: 28 pages, 2 figure

Supersymmetric Monojets at the Large Hadron Collider

Supersymmetric monojets may be produced at the Large Hadron Collider by the process qg -> squark neutralino_1 -> q neutralino_1 neutralino_1, leading to a jet recoiling against missing transverse momentum. We discuss the feasibility and utility of the supersymmetric monojet signal. In particular, we examine the possible precision with which one can ascertain the neutralino_1-squark-quark coupling via the rate for monojet events. Such a coupling contains information on the composition of the neutralino_1 and helps bound dark matter direct detection cross-sections and the dark matter relic density of the neutralino_1. It also provides a check of the supersymmetric relation between gauge couplings and gaugino-quark-squark couplings.Comment: 46 pages, 10 figures. The appendix has been rewritten to correct an error that appears in all previous versions of the appendix. This error has no effect on the results in the main body of the pape

Physics of leptoquarks in precision experiments and at particle colliders

We present a comprehensive review of physics effects generated by leptoquarks (LQs), i.e., hypothetical particles that can turn quarks into leptons and vice versa, of either scalar or vector nature. These considerations include discussion of possible completions of the Standard Model that contain LQ fields. The main focus of the review is on those LQ scenarios that are not problematic with regard to proton stability. We accordingly concentrate on the phenomenology of light leptoquarks that is relevant for precision experiments and particle colliders. Important constraints on LQ interactions with matter are derived from precision low-energy observables such as electric dipole moments, (g-2) of charged leptons, atomic parity violation, neutral meson mixing, Kaon, B, and D meson decays, etc. We provide a general analysis of indirect constraints on the strength of LQ interactions with the quarks and leptons to make statements that are as model independent as possible. We address complementary constraints that originate from electroweak precision measurements, top, and Higgs physics. The Higgs physics analysis we present covers not only the most recent but also expected results from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We finally discuss direct LQ searches. Current experimental situation is summarized and self-consistency of assumptions that go into existing accelerator-based searches is discussed. A progress in making next-to-leading order predictions for both pair and single LQ productions at colliders is also outlined.Comment: 136 pages, 22 figures, typographical errors fixed, the Physics Reports versio

Limits on the production of scalar leptoquarks from Z (0) decays at LEP

A search has been made for pairs and for single production of scalar leptoquarks of the first and second generations using a data sample of 392000 Z0 decays from the DELPHI detector at LEP 1. No signal was found and limits on the leptoquark mass, production cross section and branching ratio were set. A mass limit at 95% confidence level of 45.5 GeV/c2 was obtained for leptoquark pair production. The search for the production of a single leptoquark probed the mass region above this limit and its results exclude first and second generation leptoquarks D0 with masses below 65 GeV/c2 and 73 GeV/c2 respectively, at 95% confidence level, assuming that the D0lq Yukawa coupling alpha(lambda) is equal to the electromagnetic one. An upper limit is also given on the coupling alpha(lambda) as a function of the leptoquark mass m(D0)