Formación del profesorado de Geografía y ciencias afines en docencia online y semipresencial basada en tecnologías de la información geográfica y ODS (DIDGEOTIG-II)

Este proyecto de innovación docente ha pretendido incorporar la semipresencialidad a la capacitación del profesorado/alumnado de Geografía y ciencias afines en docencia virtual basada en TIG abiertas y ODS, aportando soluciones a la brecha digital, la insostenibilidad y la educación despersonalizada. Se ha configurado una guía didáctica de actividades basadas en TIG para enseñar contenidos de educación geográfica para el desarrollo sostenible, combinando tareas virtuales con intervenciones presenciales, en favor de la salud mental de los agentes educativos y una mayor eficacia didáctica. La guía ha tenido en cuenta una encuesta de detección y valoración de problemas y soluciones en la enseñanza virtual de la Geografía, y algunas de sus actividades han sido testadas empíricamente, con una valoración docente y discente que ha validado la adecuación del enfoque semipresencial, geodigital y sostenible de la guía didáctica

A blood microRNA classifier for the prediction of ICU mortality in COVID-19 patients: a multicenter validation study

Background: The identification of critically ill COVID-19 patients at risk of fatal outcomes remains a challenge. Here, we first validated candidate microRNAs (miRNAs) as biomarkers for clinical decision-making in critically ill patients. Second, we constructed a blood miRNA classifier for the early prediction of adverse outcomes in the ICU. Methods: This was a multicenter, observational and retrospective/prospective study including 503 critically ill patients admitted to the ICU from 19 hospitals. qPCR assays were performed in plasma samples collected within the first 48 h upon admission. A 16-miRNA panel was designed based on recently published data from our group. Results: Nine miRNAs were validated as biomarkers of all-cause in-ICU mortality in the independent cohort of critically ill patients (FDR < 0.05). Cox regression analysis revealed that low expression levels of eight miRNAs were associated with a higher risk of death (HR from 1.56 to 2.61). LASSO regression for variable selection was used to construct a miRNA classifier. A 4-blood miRNA signature composed of miR-16-5p, miR-192-5p, miR-323a-3p and miR-451a predicts the risk of all-cause in-ICU mortality (HR 2.5). Kaplan‒Meier analysis confirmed these findings. The miRNA signature provides a significant increase in the prognostic capacity of conventional scores, APACHE-II (C-index 0.71, DeLong test p-value 0.055) and SOFA (C-index 0.67, DeLong test p-value 0.001), and a risk model based on clinical predictors (C-index 0.74, DeLong test-p-value 0.035). For 28-day and 90-day mortality, the classifier also improved the prognostic value of APACHE-II, SOFA and the clinical model. The association between the classifier and mortality persisted even after multivariable adjustment. The functional analysis reported biological pathways involved in SARS-CoV infection and inflammatory, fibrotic and transcriptional pathways. Conclusions: A blood miRNA classifier improves the early prediction of fatal outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients.11 página

Effect of viral storm in patients admitted to intensive care units with severe COVID-19 in Spain: a multicentre, prospective, cohort study

Background: The contribution of the virus to the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 is still unclear. We aimed to evaluate associations between viral RNA load in plasma and host response, complications, and deaths in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Methods: We did a prospective cohort study across 23 hospitals in Spain. We included patients aged 18 years or older with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who were admitted to an intensive care unit between March 16, 2020, and Feb 27, 2021. RNA of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid region 1 (N1) was quantified in plasma samples collected from patients in the first 48 h following admission, using digital PCR. Patients were grouped on the basis of N1 quantity: VIR-N1-Zero (2747 N1 copies per mL). The primary outcome was all-cause death within 90 days after admission. We evaluated odds ratios (ORs) for the primary outcome between groups using a logistic regression analysis. Findings: 1068 patients met the inclusion criteria, of whom 117 had insufficient plasma samples and 115 had key information missing. 836 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 403 (48%) were in the VIR-N1-Low group, 283 (34%) were in the VIR-N1-Storm group, and 150 (18%) were in the VIR-N1-Zero group. Overall, patients in the VIR-N1-Storm group had the most severe disease: 266 (94%) of 283 patients received invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), 116 (41%) developed acute kidney injury, 180 (65%) had secondary infections, and 148 (52%) died within 90 days. Patients in the VIR-N1-Zero group had the least severe disease: 81 (54%) of 150 received IMV, 34 (23%) developed acute kidney injury, 47 (32%) had secondary infections, and 26 (17%) died within 90 days (OR for death 0·30, 95% CI 0·16-0·55; p<0·0001, compared with the VIR-N1-Storm group). 106 (26%) of 403 patients in the VIR-N1-Low group died within 90 days (OR for death 0·39, 95% CI 0·26-0·57; p<0·0001, compared with the VIR-N1-Storm group). Interpretation: The presence of a so-called viral storm is associated with increased all-cause death in patients admitted to the intensive care unit with severe COVID-19. Preventing this viral storm could help to reduce poor outcomes. Viral storm could be an enrichment marker for treatment with antivirals or purification devices to remove viral components from the blood.This work was supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FONDO-COVID19, COV20/00110, CIBERES, 06/06/0028; AT), Proyectos de Investigación en Salud (PI19/00590; JFB-M), Miguel Servet (CP20/00041; DdG-C), Sara Borrell (CD018/0123; APT), and Predoctorales de Formación en Investigación en Salud (FI20/00278; AdF). We also received funds from Programa de Donaciones Estar Preparados, UNESPA (Madrid, Spain), and from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR OV2–170357; DJK and JFB-M), Research Nova Scotia, Li-Ka Shing Foundation (DJK), and finally by a Research Grant 2020 from ESCMID (APT). COV20/00110, PI19/00590, CP20/00041, CD018/0123, FI20/00278 were co-funded by European Regional Development Fund and European Social Fund (A way to make Europe, and Investing in your future). We thank the IRB-Lleida Biobank 119 (B.0000682) and Plataforma Biobancos PT17/0015/0027 in Lleida, the Hospital Clinic Barcelona (HCB)-IDIBAPS biobank in Barcelona, and the National DNA Bank and the Hospital Universitario de Salamanca biobank (both in Salamanca) for their logistical support with sample processing and storage. We are indebted to the Fundació Glòria Soler for its contribution and support to the COVIDBANK of HCBIDIBAPS Biobank. This work was not supported by any pharmaceutical company or other agency.S

Effect of viral storm in patients admitted to intensive care units with severe COVID-19 in Spain: a multicentre, prospective, cohort study

Background: The contribution of the virus to the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 is still unclear. We aimed to evaluate associations between viral RNA load in plasma and host response, complications, and deaths in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Methods: We did a prospective cohort study across 23 hospitals in Spain. We included patients aged 18 years or older with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who were admitted to an intensive care unit between March 16, 2020, and Feb 27, 2021. RNA of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid region 1 (N1) was quantified in plasma samples collected from patients in the first 48 h following admission, using digital PCR. Patients were grouped on the basis of N1 quantity: VIR-N1-Zero ([removed]2747 N1 copies per mL). The primary outcome was all-cause death within 90 days after admission. We evaluated odds ratios (ORs) for the primary outcome between groups using a logistic regression analysis. Findings: 1068 patients met the inclusion criteria, of whom 117 had insufficient plasma samples and 115 had key information missing. 836 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 403 (48%) were in the VIR-N1-Low group, 283 (34%) were in the VIR-N1-Storm group, and 150 (18%) were in the VIR-N1-Zero group. Overall, patients in the VIR-N1-Storm group had the most severe disease: 266 (94%) of 283 patients received invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), 116 (41%) developed acute kidney injury, 180 (65%) had secondary infections, and 148 (52%) died within 90 days. Patients in the VIR-N1-Zero group had the least severe disease: 81 (54%) of 150 received IMV, 34 (23%) developed acute kidney injury, 47 (32%) had secondary infections, and 26 (17%) died within 90 days (OR for death 0·30, 95% CI 0·16–0·55; p<0·0001, compared with the VIR-N1-Storm group). 106 (26%) of 403 patients in the VIR-N1-Low group died within 90 days (OR for death 0·39, 95% CI 0·26–0·57; p[removed]11 página

Effectiveness of an intervention for improving drug prescription in primary care patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy:Study protocol of a cluster randomized clinical trial (Multi-PAP project)

This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias ISCIII (Grant Numbers PI15/00276, PI15/00572, PI15/00996), REDISSEC (Project Numbers RD12/0001/0012, RD16/0001/0005), and the European Regional Development Fund ("A way to build Europe").Background: Multimorbidity is associated with negative effects both on people's health and on healthcare systems. A key problem linked to multimorbidity is polypharmacy, which in turn is associated with increased risk of partly preventable adverse effects, including mortality. The Ariadne principles describe a model of care based on a thorough assessment of diseases, treatments (and potential interactions), clinical status, context and preferences of patients with multimorbidity, with the aim of prioritizing and sharing realistic treatment goals that guide an individualized management. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a complex intervention that implements the Ariadne principles in a population of young-old patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. The intervention seeks to improve the appropriateness of prescribing in primary care (PC), as measured by the medication appropriateness index (MAI) score at 6 and 12months, as compared with usual care. Methods/Design: Design:pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial. Unit of randomization: family physician (FP). Unit of analysis: patient. Scope: PC health centres in three autonomous communities: Aragon, Madrid, and Andalusia (Spain). Population: patients aged 65-74years with multimorbidity (≥3 chronic diseases) and polypharmacy (≥5 drugs prescribed in ≥3months). Sample size: n=400 (200 per study arm). Intervention: complex intervention based on the implementation of the Ariadne principles with two components: (1) FP training and (2) FP-patient interview. Outcomes: MAI score, health services use, quality of life (Euroqol 5D-5L), pharmacotherapy and adherence to treatment (Morisky-Green, Haynes-Sackett), and clinical and socio-demographic variables. Statistical analysis: primary outcome is the difference in MAI score between T0 and T1 and corresponding 95% confidence interval. Adjustment for confounding factors will be performed by multilevel analysis. All analyses will be carried out in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: It is essential to provide evidence concerning interventions on PC patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity, conducted in the context of routine clinical practice, and involving young-old patients with significant potential for preventing negative health outcomes. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02866799Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Actas de las V Jornadas ScienCity 2022. Fomento de la Cultura Científica, Tecnológica y de Innovación en Ciudades Inteligentes

ScienCity es una actividad que viene siendo continuada desde 2018 con el objetivo de dar a conocer los conocimientos y tecnologías emergentes siendo investigados en las universidades, informar de experiencias, servicios e iniciativas puestas ya en marcha por instituciones y empresas, llegar hasta decisores políticos que podrían crear sinergias, incentivar la creación de ideas y posibilidades de desarrollo conjuntas, implicar y provocar la participación ciudadana, así como gestar una red internacional multidisciplinar de investigadores que garantice la continuación de futuras ediciones. En 2022 se recibieron un total de 48 trabajos repartidos en 25 ponencias y 24 pósteres pertenecientes a 98 autores de 14 instituciones distintas de España, Portugal, Polonia y Países Bajos.Fundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología-Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades; Consejería de la Presidencia, Administración Pública e Interior de la Junta de Andalucía; Estrategia de Política de Investigación y Transferencia de la Universidad de Huelva; Cátedra de Innovación Social de Aguas de Huelva; Cátedra de la Provincia; Grupo de investigación TEP-192 de Control y Robótica; Centro de Investigación en Tecnología, Energía y Sostenibilidad (CITES

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Formación del profesorado de Geografía y ciencias afines en docencia online basada en Tecnologías de la Información Geográfica (DIDGEOTIG)

La actual pandemia de coronavirus ha generado una situación sin precedentes en el ámbito de la educación. El confinamiento al que han sido sometidos los estudiantes de todos los niveles educativos ha urgido a universidades, colegios y otros centros educativos a implantar un sistema de formación online sin apenas margen de maniobra y, en muchos casos, sin los medios y la formación necesaria para el correcto diseño y aprovechamiento de clases telemáticas. Se plantea, en el momento actual, un escenario de incertidumbre, en el que aún se desconoce cómo ésta o futuras pandemias y confinamientos pueden modificar los hábitos de trabajo de docentes y estudiantes en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje y hacer necesaria una nueva metodología docente online. Algunos autores auguran una posible transición hacia una educación que favorezca el aprendizaje telemático, dando por finalizada a escuela tal y como la conocemos (Feito, 2020) pero, en cualquier caso, ha quedado patente la necesidad de preparar a la comunidad educativa para responder a situaciones en las que la docencia no se pueda llevar a cabo de forma presencial. En este contexto, las Tecnologías de la Información Geográfica (TIG), un amplio abanico de aplicaciones, recursos, técnicas y procedimientos digitales de la ciencia geográfica (ej.: cartografía digital, Sistemas de Información Geográfica, teledetección, globos virtuales, visores web, etc.) en permanente auge en los últimos años por su elevado interés científico y pedagógico, constituyen un campo de trabajo óptimo para el aprendizaje digital y la “renovación curricular y metodológica de la didáctica de la geografía” (De Miguel et al., 2016) y, por tanto, un recurso con un potencial muy significativo para el aprendizaje autónomo no presencial. El objetivo principal del proyecto ha sido el desarrollo de una estrategia integrada de formación del profesorado de Geografía en docencia no presencial basada en TIG. Para ello, se ha planteado el diseño de una serie de propuestas didácticas que sirvan de referencia en la formación del futuro profesorado de Geografía de los distintos niveles educativos (alumnos de los grados de educación infantil y primaria y del máster de formación del profesorado, pero también profesores de los grados de Geografía y ciencias afines) de cara a capacitarlos para responder de forma inmediata ante posibles situaciones en las que se requiera una transición inmediata de la docencia presencial a la docencia telemática sin disponer de un periodo de adaptación. Se pretende que frente a nuevos confinamientos, los profesores de Geografía dispongan de una referencia de adaptación de su labor docente a la docencia telemática/telepresencial, priorizándose las estrategias didácticas de aprendizaje autónomo dirigido en las que el profesor pueda ejercer su labor de acompañamiento al alumnado sin ningún tipo de dificultad, tomando en consideración la atención a la diversidad y las situaciones particulares del alumnado en cuanto a los medios de los que pueda disponer en su hogar para continuar con su proceso de aprendizaje. Para ello, se han tomado como referencia las distintas TIG disponibles de forma libre en la web, sistematizando su uso con ejemplos concretos de cara a que docentes y futuros docentes adquieran la destreza necesaria para el diseño de sus propias actividades de autoaprendizaje para la enseñanza telemática de la Geografía en los distintos niveles educativos, prestando especial atención a las tecnologías que puedan ayudar a los alumnos que preparen la EVAU (los más afectados para la interrupción de las clases presenciales en los últimos meses) en una posible nueva situación de confinamiento próxima o futura

El transporte férreo y fluvial colombiano: una prospectiva hacia la electromovilidad

Libro digitalEl transporte es una de las actividades clave para el desarrollo competitivo de los países. Para ello es necesario contar con modos alternativos para la movilidad de pasajeros y de mercancía con características particulares que en su combinación conllevan a realizar procesos de transporte más eficientes en costos, tiempo, condiciones de seguridad entre otras formas de evaluar el desempeño de esta actividad. En Colombia, este potencial de utilización de diferentes modos de transporte es limitado; toda vez que en el país el modo carretero ha sido el de mayor desarrollo debido al descuido de otras alternativas que en otrora fueron relevantes para el país como, por ejemplo, el transporte por las vías fluviales y las férreas nacionales.Capítulo I. Estado actual de la operación férrea y fluvial. Capítulo II. Estado normativo del transporte férreo y fluvial en Colombia y sus disposiciones en cuanto a electro movilidad. Capítulo III. Avances, ventajas y desafíos en tecnologías de electro movilidad en el transporte férreo. Capítulo III. Avances, ventajas y desafíos en tecnologías de electro movilidad en el transporte férreo. Capítulo V. Componente ambiental de los modos férreo y fluvial.Primera edició