Enabling the Reuse of Stored Model Transformations Through Annotations

International audienceWith the increasing adoption of MDE, model transformations , one of its core concepts together with metamodeling, stand out as a valuable asset. Therefore, a mechanism to annotate and store existing model transformations appears as a critical need for their efficient exploitation and reuse. Unfortunately, although several reuse mechanisms have been proposed for software artifacts in general and models in particular , none of them is specially tailored to the domain of model transformations. In order to fill this gap, we present here such a mechanism. Our approach is composed by two elements 1) a new DSL specially conceived for describing model transformations in terms of their functional and non-functional properties 2) a semi-automatic process for annotating and querying (repositories of) model transformations using as criteria the properties of our DSL. We validate the feasibility of our approach through a prototype implementation that integrates our approach in a GitHub repository

The abundance of C18O and HDO in the envelope and hot core of the intermediate mass protostar NGC 7129 FIRS 2

NGC 7129 FIRS 2 is a young intermediate-mass (IM) protostar, which is associated with two energetic bipolar outflows and displays clear signs of the presence of a hot core. It has been extensively observed with ground based telescopes and within the WISH Guaranteed Time Herschel Key Program. We present new observations of the C18O 3-2 and the HDO 3_{12}-2_{21} lines towards NGC 7129 FIRS 2. Combining these observations with Herschel data and modeling their emissions, we constrain the C18O and HDO abundance profiles across the protostellar envelope. In particular, we derive the abundance of C18O and HDO in the hot core. The intensities of the C18O lines are well reproduced assuming that the C18O abundance decreases through the protostellar envelope from the outer edge towards the centre until the point where the gas and dust reach the CO evaporation temperature (~20-25 K) where the C18O is released back to the gas phase. Once the C18O is released to the gas phase, the modelled C18O abundance is found to be ~1.6x10^{-8}, which is a factor of 10 lower than the reference abundance. This result is supported by the non-detection of C18O 9-8, which proves that even in the hot core (T_k>100 K) the CO abundance must be 10 times lower than the reference value. Several scenarios are discussed to explain this C18O deficiency. One possible explanation is that during the pre-stellar and protostellar phase, the CO is removed from the grain mantles by reactions to form more complex molecules. Our HDO modeling shows that the emission of HDO 3_{12}-2_{21} line is maser and comes from the hot core (T_k>100 K). Assuming the physical structure derived by Crimier et al. (2010), we determine a HDO abundance of ~0.4 - 1x10^{-7} in the hot core of this IM protostar, similar to that found in the hot corinos NGC 1333 IRAS 2A and IRAS 16293-2422.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure

The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: A First Look at the Auriga–California Molecular Cloud with SCUBA-2

We present 850 and 450 μm observations of the dense regions within the Auriga–California molecular cloud using SCUBA-2 as part of the JCMT Gould Belt Legacy Survey to identify candidate protostellar objects, measure the masses of their circumstellar material (disk and envelope), and compare the star formation to that in the Orion A molecular cloud. We identify 59 candidate protostars based on the presence of compact submillimeter emission, complementing these observations with existing Herschel/SPIRE maps. Of our candidate protostars, 24 are associated with young stellar objects (YSOs) in the Spitzer and Herschel/PACS catalogs of 166 and 60 YSOs, respectively (177 unique), confirming their protostellar nature. The remaining 35 candidate protostars are in regions, particularly around LkHα 101, where the background cloud emission is too bright to verify or rule out the presence of the compact 70 μm emission that is expected for a protostellar source. We keep these candidate protostars in our sample but note that they may indeed be prestellar in nature. Our observations are sensitive to the high end of the mass distribution in Auriga–Cal. We find that the disparity between the richness of infrared star-forming objects in Orion A and the sparsity in Auriga–Cal extends to the submillimeter, suggesting that the relative star formation rates have not varied over the Class II lifetime and that Auriga–Cal will maintain a lower star formation efficiency

The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: Evidence for radiative heating in Serpens MWC 297 and its influence on local star formation

We present SCUBA-2 450micron and 850micron observations of the Serpens MWC 297 region, part of the JCMT Gould Belt Survey of nearby star-forming regions. Simulations suggest that radiative feedback influences the star-formation process and we investigate observational evidence for this by constructing temperature maps. Maps are derived from the ratio of SCUBA-2 fluxes and a two component model of the JCMT beam for a fixed dust opacity spectral index of beta = 1.8. Within 40 of the B1.5Ve Herbig star MWC 297, the submillimetre fluxes are contaminated by free-free emission with a spectral index of 1.03+-0.02, consistent with an ultra-compact HII region and polar winds/jets. Contamination accounts for 73+-5 per cent and 82+-4 per cent of peak flux at 450micron and 850micron respectively. The residual thermal disk of the star is almost undetectable at these wavelengths. Young Stellar Objects are confirmed where SCUBA-2 850micron clumps identified by the fellwalker algorithm coincide with Spitzer Gould Belt Survey detections. We identify 23 objects and use Tbol to classify nine YSOs with masses 0.09 to 5.1 Msun. We find two Class 0, one Class 0/I, three Class I and three Class II sources. The mean temperature is 15+-2K for the nine YSOs and 32+-4K for the 14 starless clumps. We observe a starless clump with an abnormally high mean temperature of 46+-2K and conclude that it is radiatively heated by the star MWC 297. Jeans stability provides evidence that radiative heating by the star MWC 297 may be suppressing clump collapse.Comment: 24 pages, 13 figures, 7 table

Adnexal torsion with normal ovary in the third trimester of a twin pregnancy: Case report and literature review

Management of adnexal torsion in a dichorionic diamniotic pregnancy at 32 weeks is presented. Adnexal torsion is a rare condition in pregnancy, particularly during late third trimester and with normal ovary and tube. The size of a twin uterus at late third trimester prevented a laparoscopic approach. A longitudinal laparotomic incision below the umbilicus permitted detorsion and fixation of the adnexa. To our knowledge, this is the first case reported in a late twin pregnancy

The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: constraints on prestellar core properties in Orion A North

This article has been accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society © 2015 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2015 RAS. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.We employ SCUBA-2 (Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array 2) observations of the Orion A North molecular cloud to derive column density and temperature maps. We apply a novel, Hessian-based structural identification algorithm for detection of prestellar cores to these data, allowing for automated generation of the prestellar mass function. The resulting mass function is observed to peak at 1.39^{+0.18}_{-0.19} M⊙, indicating a star-forming efficiency lower limit of ˜14 per cent when compared with the Orion nebula Cluster initial mass function (IMF) peak. Additionally, the prestellar mass function is observed to decay with a high-mass power-law exponent α =2.53^{+0.16}_{-0.14}, indicating approximate functional similarity with the Salpeter IMF (α = 2.35). This result, when combined with the results of previous investigations suggests a regional dependence of the star-forming efficiency.Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United KingdomNational Research Council of CanadaNetherlands OrganizationCanada Foundation for InnovationCanadian Space Agenc

The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: first results from the SCUBA-2 observations of the Ophiuchus molecular cloud and a virial analysis of its prestellar core population

In this paper, we present the first observations of the Ophiuchus molecular cloud performed as part of the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) Gould Belt Survey (GBS) with the SCUBA-2 instrument. We demonstrate methods for combining these data with previous HARP CO, Herschel, and IRAM N2H+ observations in order to accurately quantify the properties of the SCUBA-2 sources in Ophiuchus. We produce a catalogue of all of the sources found by SCUBA-2. We separate these into protostars and starless cores. We list all of the starless cores and perform a full virial analysis, including external pressure. This is the first time that external pressure has been included in this level of detail. We find that the majority of our cores are either bound or virialized. Gravitational energy and external pressure are on average of a similar order of magnitude, but with some variation from region to region. We find that cores in the Oph A region are gravitationally bound prestellar cores, while cores in the Oph C and E regions are pressure-confined. We determine that N2H+ is a good tracer of the bound material of prestellar cores, although we find some evidence for N2H+ freeze-out at the very highest core densities. We find that non-thermal linewidths decrease substantially between the gas traced by C18O and that traced by N2H+, indicating the dissipation of turbulence at higher densities. We find that the critical Bonnor-Ebert stability criterion is not a good indicator of the boundedness of our cores. We detect the pre-brown dwarf candidate Oph B-11 and find a flux density and mass consistent with previous work. We discuss regional variations in the nature of the cores and find further support for our previous hypothesis of a global evolutionary gradient across the cloud from south-west to north-east, indicating sequential star formation across the regio

Lista bibliografica

Questa lista bibliografica contiene il secondo aggiornamento della bibliografia della Lisy e deriva dall’assemblaggio da parte della redazione (M. Serdoz ed E. Panfili) dei contributi parziali stilati dai gruppi regionali

Sexual Function in Women Diagnosed with Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome

Background: Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC) predisposes women to an increased risk mainly of breast and tubo-ovarian cancer. The aim of the study is to investigate whether being diagnosed with HBOC syndrome is itself a risk factor for sexual dysfunction. Methods: An ad hoc questionnaire, including baseline demographic and clinical data, and the Sexual Function Questionnaire 28 (SFQ28) were administered to HBOC female carriers (study group) and to a control group. Results: After propensity score matching (1:1), we enrolled 202 women, 101 in the study group and 101 in the control group. In a multivariate analysis, we finally found that menopausal status was the only risk factor for a significant low score in the domains Desire (HR 0.66; CI95% 0.47–0.93; p = 0.017), Arousal (Lubrication) (HR 0.52; CI95% 0.34–0.80; p = 0.003), Arousal (Cognitive) (HR 0.64; CI95% 0.44–0.95; p = 0.027), and Orgasm (HR 0.33; CI95% (0.16–0.70; p = 0.004), independent of risk-reducing surgery for gynecological malignancy. Psycho-oncology support is a protective factor for the Enjoyment domain (HR 1.38; CI95% 1.05–1.81; p = 0.022). Conclusions: HBOC syndrome itself does not affect SFQ28 domains, while menopausal status significantly influences sexual health, with potential mitigating effects of psycho-oncological support

Cold Knife Versus Carbon Dioxide for the Treatment of Preinvasive Cervical Lesion

Background and Objectives: Cervical cancer (CC) represents a significant health concern worldwide, particularly for younger women. Cold knife (CK) conization and carbon dioxide (CO2) laser conization are two techniques commonly used to remove pre-invasive lesions, offering a potential curative intent in cases of incidental diagnosis of CC. This study aimed to assess the clinical implications and pathological outcomes of CK vs. CO2 laser conization for pre-invasive lesions. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed women who underwent CO2 or CK conization for high-grade preinvasive lesions (CIN2/3, CIS and AIS) between 2010 and 2022. Patient demographics, surgical details and pathological outcomes were collected. Pregnancy outcomes, including composite adverse obstetric rates, and oncological follow-up data, were also obtained. Results: In all, 1270 women were included; of them, 1225 (96.5%) underwent CO2, and 45 (3.5%) underwent CK conization. Overall, the rate of positive endocervical or deep margins was lower with CO2 laser compared to CK (4.3% vs. 13.3%, p = 0.015). Incidental CC was diagnosed in 56 (4.4%) patients, with 35 (62.5%) squamous and 21 (46.6%) adenocarcinomas. In a multivariate regression model, the relative risk for positive endocervical or deep margins is significantly greater in cases of incidental diagnosis of CC (p < 0.01). In cases of incidental diagnosis of CC, we found that the probabilities of having either positive endocervical or deep margins after CO2 laser or CK conization are similar, with a higher risk in case of adenocarcinoma lesion. Among women with CC, 42 (75%) opted for radical treatment, while 14 (25%) underwent a follow-up. Only one woman (7.1%) in the follow-up group, who had undergone CK conization, experienced a composite adverse obstetric outcome. No recurrences were observed after a median follow-up of 53 months. Conclusions: CO2 laser conization achieved a lower positive margin rate overall. CK and CO2 conization appear to be equivalent oncological options for incidental CC