Penggunaan software Winplot dalam meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa: Penelitian kuasi eksperimen pada Kelas X SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Kota Bandung

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pesatnya perkembangan teknologi dan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa yang perlu ditingkatkan. Pembelajaran menggunakan software Winplot menjadi salah satu alternatif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui: (a) perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa; (b) perbedaan pencapaian kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa ditinjau dari Pengetahuan Awal Matematika (PAM) siswa; (c) sikap siswa terhadap penggunaan software Winplot dalam pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Kota Bandung kelas X-AP 2 dan X-AP 3 menggunakan metode kuasi eksperimen. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut: (a) terdapat perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan penalaran matematis; (b) Hasil analisis data posttest menggunakan uji ANOVA dua jalur terdapat perbedaan pencapaian kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa antara yang menggunakan software Winplot dan pembelajaran konvensional berdasarkan PAM dan tidak terdapat interaksi antara kategori nilai PAM siswa dengan model pembelajaran dalam pencapaian kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa; (c) Sikap siswa terhadap pembelajaran matematika menggunakan software Winplot sebagian besar siswa memberikan respon positif. Dengan demikian, software Winplot efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa

A NEW APPROACH FOR FINDING AN INITIAL SOLUTION NEAR TO OPTIMUM FOR THE SOLID TRANSPORTATION PROBLEMS

The solid transportation problem (STP) is a particular type of linear programming problem. This paper presented an approach for solving STP in a highly efficient and a few iterations until finding an optimal solution. The proposed method provides an initial solution near to optimum solution to the solid transportation problem close to the optimal solution. Using Lingo software, a numerical example was used to compare the solution from the proposed method to the optimal solution.      &nbsp

Penggunaan kaedah gandingan perkataan dan senarai terkawal untuk reka bentuk perisian kursus pengajaran Arab Quran

Quranic classes in Malaysia have been focusing on correct pronunciation and reading fluency, and not towards teaching the meaning of Quran. Consequently, the average Muslim in Malaysia do not have the ability to decipher the meaning of Quran from their readings.For those readers who are interested in understanding the meaning of the Quran, there are sentence by sentence translations of the meaning in Bahasa for the whole Quran.This has helped those who are interested in getting the general picture of the meaning of Quran.However, these translations are not too helpful for those wanting to learn the Quranic Arabic because the words are not individually paired together.A person who has been reading the Malay translation would still not be able to understand the individual Arabic words should they be presented in isolation. Based on the situation above, this research proposed to construct an educational software for teaching the meaning of the Arabic words in the Quran using paired word association and a controlled word list.The prototype is given a persona name ARAB-ME

Vitamin D3-loaded electrospun cellulose acetate/polycaprolactone nanofibers: Characterization, in-vitro drug release and cytotoxicity studies

Vitamin D deficiency is nowa global health problem; despite several drug delivery systems for carrying vitaminD due to low bioavailability and loss bioactivity. Developing a new drug delivery system to deliver vitamin D3 is a strong incentive in the current study. Hence, an implantable drug delivery system (IDDS) was developed from the electrospun cellulose acetate (CA) and ε-polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous membrane, in which the core of implants consists of vitamin D3-loaded CA nanofiber (CAVD) and enclosed in a thin layer of the PCL membrane (CAVD/PCL). CA nanofibrousmat loadedwith vitaminD3 at the concentrations of 6, 12, and 20% (w/w) of vitamin D3 were produced using electrospinning. The smooth and bead-free fibers with diameters ranged from 324 to 428 nm were obtained. The fiber diameters increased with an increase in vitamin D3 content. The controlled drug release profile was observed over 30-days, which fit with the zero-order model (R2 > 0.96) in the first stage. The mechanical properties of IDDS were improved. Young's modulus and tensile strength of CAVD/PCL (dry) were161 ± 14 and 13.07 ± 2.5 MPa, respectively. CA and PCL nanofibers are non-cytotoxic based on the results of the in-vitro cytotoxicity studies. This study can further broaden in-vivo study and provide a reference for developing a new IDDS to carry vitamin D3 in the future

Evaluation of use effective microorganisms (EM) with different feeding strategies on growth performance, body chemical composition and economic efficiency of monosex Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus juveniles

A factorial trial was conducted to detect the effect of different feeding strategies of supplementation of effective microorganisms (EM) liquid on the growth performance, feed utilization, body chemical composition and economic efficiency of monosex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles. Three experimental treatments were formulated a basal diet without any addition of EM (control; A), a diet supplemented with 2% EM (B), and a diet supplemented with 4% EM (C). All treatments were offered to fish through two different strategies of feeding the meal: 2/3 in the morning and 1/3 in the afternoon or 1/3 in the morning and 2/3 in the afternoon. Each treatment was replicated three times. Juveniles Nile tilapia with an average initial body weight of 3.85 ± 0.22 g (± SE) were randomly stocked at a rate of 90 juveniles per 1.5 m3 tank. Fish growth performance and feed utilization significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased with increasing EM supplementation and were positively affected by different feeding strategies. Moreover, the economic evaluation showed that there were more benefits by when using the 4% EM diet and feeding 2/3 of daily meal in the morning

The Use of Dietary Additives in Fish Stress Mitigation: Comparative Endocrine and Physiological Responses

In the last years, studies on stress attenuation in fish have progressively grown. This is mainly due to the interest of institutions, producers, aquarists and consumers in improving the welfare of farmed fish. In addition to the development of new technologies to improve environmental conditions of cultured fish, the inclusion of beneficial additives in the daily meal in order to mitigate the stress response to typical stressors (netting, overcrowding, handling, etc.) has been an important research topic. Fish are a highly diverse paraphyletic group (over 27,000 species) though teleost infraclass include around 96% of fish species. Since those species are distributed world-wide, a high number of different habitats and vital requirements exist, including a wide range of environmental conditions determining specifically the stress response. Although the generalized endocrine response to stress (based on the release of catecholamines and corticosteroids) is detectable and therefore provides essential information, a high diversity of physiological effects have been described depending on species. Moreover, recent omics techniques have provided a powerful tool for detecting specific differences regarding the stress response. For instance, for transcriptomic approaches, the gene expression of neuropeptides and other proteins acting as hormonal precursors during stress has been assessed in some fish species. The use of different additives in fish diets to mitigate stress responses has been deeply studied. Besides the species factor, the additive type also plays a pivotal role in the differentiation of the stress response. In the literature, several types of feed supplements in different species have been assayed, deriving in a series of physiological responses which have not focused exclusively on the stress system. Immunological, nutritional and metabolic changes have been reported in these experiments, always associated to endocrine processes. The biochemical nature and physiological functionality of those feed additives strongly affect the stress response and, in fact, these can act as neurotransmitters or hormone precursors, energy substrates, cofactors and other essential elements, implyingmulti-systematic and multi-organic responses. In this review, the different physiological responses among fish species fed stress-attenuating diets based on biomolecules and minerals have been assessed, focusing on the endocrine regulation and its physiological effects

Feeding strategies and energy to protein ratio on tambaqui performance and physiology

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of feed deprivation and refeeding with diets containing different energy to protein ratios (E/P) on the performance and physiology of juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). A 4x2 factorial arrangement with three replicates was used, with four E/P ratios (11.5, 10.5, 9.5, and 8.5 kcal g-1 digestible energy per protein) and two feeding regimens (with and without deprivation), during 60 days. Fish from the food-deprived group were fasted for 14 days and refed from the fifteenth to the sixtieth day, whereas the remaining fish were fed for 60 days. At the end of the experimental period, weight of fish subjected to food deprivation was lower than that of those continuously fed; however, this condition did not influence the physiological parameters analyzed. Tambaqui fed 11.5 kcal g-1 achieved lower final weight than those fed with the other diets, in both regimens. Among the physiological parameters, only plasma protein presented significant increase in fish fed 8.5 kcal g-1, in both feeding regimens, probably due to the higher dietary protein concentration. These results indicate that fish show a partial compensatory growth, and that 10.5 kcal g-1 can be recommended for the diet of juvenile tambaqui