1,974 research outputs found
Effect of organically and conventionally produced diets on jejunal gene expression in chickens
Using a nutrigenomics approach we studied the response of second-generation chickens at a transcriptional level to organically grown feed ingredients compared with conventionally grown feed ingredients. Both diets consisted of the same amounts of ingredients, the only difference was the production method. Gene expression was analysed in jejuni using whole genome chicken cDNA arrays. After analysis, forty-nine genes were found to be differentially regulated between chickens fed on the different diets, independent of their genetic background. Of these forty-nine genes, seven genes were involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. Genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis were higher expressed in jejuni from organically fed birds. Other genes found to be regulated were involved in immunological processes, such as B-G protein (part of chicken major histocompatibility complex), chemokine ah221, and the immunoglobulin heavy chain. Using quantitative PCR the effect of genetic background on the differential expression of genes was studied. Differences in gene expression existed between animals fed different diets as well as between different chicken lines. This indicated that diet and genetic background influence the transcriptional response of the jejunum. This is the first time that significant differences in gene expression were shown between animals on diets with organically or conventionally produced ingredient
Psychologistsâ Diagnostic Processes during a Diagnostic Interview
In mental health care, psychologists assess clientsâ complaints, analyze underlying problems, and identify causes for these problems, to make treatment decisions. We present a study on psychologistsâ diagnostic processes, in which a mixed-method approach was employed. We aimed to identify a common structure in the diagnostic processes of different psychologists. We engaged an actor to simulate a client. Participants were asked to perform a diagnostic interview with this âclientâ. This interview was videotaped. Afterwards participants first wrote a report and then were asked to review their considerations during the interview. We found that psychologists were comprehensive in their diagnostic interviews. They addressed the clientâs complaints, possible classifications, explanations, and treatments. They agreed about the classifications, more than about causal factors and treatment options. The content of the considerations differed between the interviews and the reports written afterwards. We conclude that psychologists continuously shifted between diagnostic activities and revised their decisions in line with the dynamics of the interview situatio
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Believing in Multiple Equilibria
If agents have common priors concerning the probability with which equilibrium is selected, they have an incentive to trade beforehand. If their trading process satisfies a certain notion of individual rationality, these trades will reduce and ultimately remove all uncertainty concerning equilibrium selection. In this sense, multiple equilibria engender institutions which can uniquely determine equilibrium
Single and ready to mingle: single registries in social protection
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Haalbaarheidsstudie naar gebruik van faseovergansmateriaal (PCM) in de kas
PCM = Faseovergangsmateriaal heeft de eigenschap om per m3 materiaal een grote hoeveelheid energie te kunnen opslaan. In de woningbouw wordt dit toegepast in huizen om een aangenaam klimaat te combineren met energiebesparing. In deze studie is nagegaan wat de energiebesparing kan zijn bij Chrysant en tomaat als PCM in de kas wordt toegepast. Voor beide teelten is het perspectief van PCM slecht. In het gunstigste geval (tomaat) wordt ruim 0.7 m³/m² aan gas bespaard. De maximale gasafname wordt door het gebruik van PCM niet verlaagd. Dit komt omdat piekverbruiken ontstaan in de koudste periode van het jaar waarbij overdag geen of te weinig zonnewarmte benut kan worden om de piek in de nacht of ¿s morgens te verlagen. De verandering van het kasklimaat en de gewasproductie zijn zeer klein. Bij chrysant werkt de hogere nachttemperatuur (neg. dif.) negatief door. Dit komt omdat de stollingstemperatuur voor PCM boven de nachttemperatuur moet liggen om ¿s nachts de overdag opgespaarde warmte te kunnen vrijgeven. De smelttemperatuur ligt daardoor nog hoger, zodat pas bij een stijging van de dagtemperatuur ten opzichte van de nachttemperatuur energie kan worden bespaard. Dit betekent dat de kasluchttemperatuur overdag boven de 21.5 °C moet komen terwijl de ingestelde temperatuur 18.5 °C is. De veranderingen in temperatuur en CO2 niveau zijn gering. PCM heeft geen negatieve effecten, maar de positieve effecten zijn klein. Het onderzoek laat wel zien dat vergroting van de warmtecapaciteit van een kas door meer massa, gewas en dergelijke gunstig is voor het energiegebruik. Voor een betere toepassing met de warmteoverdacht van kaslucht naar PCM en omgekeerd worden verbeterd. Een fors temperatuurverschil tussen dag en nacht is gunstig voor de toepassing van PCM. PCM geeft wel een besparing, maar er is geen realistische verwachting dat de investering en de aanpassing in de teelt worden terugverdiend
Energiebesparende verlichting in de stal
De verlichtingsinstallatie in de stal is niet alleen van invloed op het binnenklimaat voor mens en dier, maar ook op de elektriciteitsrekening en de uitstoot van broeikasgassen. Maar hoe energiezuinig zijn beschikbare verlichtingssystemen? En hoe kun je ze onderling vergelijken? Wageningen UR voerde in opdracht van het ministerie van EZ en stichting Milieukeur een beknopte studie uit
The upgrade of GEO600
The German / British gravitational wave detector GEO 600 is in the process of
being upgraded. The upgrading process of GEO 600, called GEO-HF, will
concentrate on the improvement of the sensitivity for high frequency signals
and the demonstration of advanced technologies. In the years 2009 to 2011 the
detector will undergo a series of upgrade steps, which are described in this
paper.Comment: 9 pages, Amaldi 8 conference contributio
Market performance of potato auctions in Bhutan
Market performance with respect to a main horticultural export commodity in Bhutan is the subject of this paper. Imperfections in (market) infrastructure and market structure and conduct may prevent an optimal price for farmers. Market performance is assessed by testing the law of one price for this commodity. This is done by testing three series of auction price data on both long-run and short-run price integration. It is concluded that auction prices were interrelated both in the long and short run with one of the three auctions as the price-leading market. Policy implications are suggested. Keywords: Auctions; Bhutan; Law of one price; Market performance; Potato marketing JEL Classification: C22, L1, M31, O1, Q1
A multimedia educational module for the restoration of single-tooth implants
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