Main trends and scale of changes in state of energy security of the regions of Russia

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the main trends and the scale of the change in the state of energy security of Russian regions. The analysis of the problems was carried out in accordance with the methodology for assessing the state of energy security of the Russian Federation at the regional level. The regions of Russia with unsatisfactory state of energy security, as well as the dynamics of changes in the state of energy security in all regions of Russia in the period from 2011 to 2016 are determined. The factors and reasons for the formation of negative and positive trends are analysed

Ensuring energy security in ASEAN countries: Current trends and major challenges

The paper discusses the issues of formation of future challenges to energy security of the ASEAN countries in the period up to 2035. The article gives examples of strategic threats to the energy security of Russia. The opportunities to meet future demand for primary energy for individual countries of ASEAN and the whole region are discussed

Virtual pathway explorer (viPEr) and pathway enrichment analysis tool (PEANuT): creating and analyzing focus networks to identify cross-talk between molecules and pathways

Background: Interpreting large-scale studies from microarrays or next-generation sequencing for further experimental testing remains one of the major challenges in quantitative biology. Combining expression with physical or genetic interaction data has already been successfully applied to enhance knowledge from all types of high-throughput studies. Yet, toolboxes for navigating and understanding even small gene or protein networks are poorly developed. Results: We introduce two Cytoscape plug-ins, which support the generation and interpretation of experiment-based interaction networks. The virtual pathway explorer viPEr creates so-called focus networks by joining a list of experimentally determined genes with the interactome of a specific organism. viPEr calculates all paths between two or more user-selected nodes, or explores the neighborhood of a single selected node. Numerical values from expression studies assigned to the nodes serve to score identified paths. The pathway enrichment analysis tool PEANuT annotates networks with pathway information from various sources and calculates enriched pathways between a focus and a background network. Using time series expression data of atorvastatin treated primary hepatocytes from six patients, we demonstrate the handling and applicability of viPEr and PEANuT. Based on our investigations using viPEr and PEANuT, we suggest a role of the FoxA1/A2/A3 transcriptional network in the cellular response to atorvastatin treatment. Moreover, we find an enrichment of metabolic and cancer pathways in the Fox transcriptional network and demonstrate a patient-specific reaction to the drug. Conclusions: The Cytoscape plug-in viPEr integrates -omics data with interactome data. It supports the interpretation and navigation of large-scale datasets by creating focus networks, facilitating mechanistic predictions from -omics studies. PEANuT provides an up-front method to identify underlying biological principles by calculating enriched pathways in focus networks

Energy security problems and features of its research at the present stage

The paper offers a modern interpretation of the term "energy security". Strategic threats to energy security are identified for the modern conditions; their dynamics and transformation are shown at different time stages of the Russian energy sector development. Also the work presents methodological and modeling developments on the study of energy security problems. A scheme is proposed for researching the country's fuel and energy complex, taking into account the requirements of energy security, the methods and models used are analyzed. The paper describes the features and new challenges in the research of energy security at present and the need to develop modern methods, models and tools

Three-Dimensional Identification of the Black Sea Mesoscale Eddies according to NEMO Numerical Model Calculations

A new method of three-dimensional identification of mesoscale eddies based on the results of the Black Sea hydrodynamics modeling is applied. It is based on identification of the closed streamlines in the velocity fields. This method and the data resulted from the NEMO calculations for 2005–2008 are used to identify more than 1000 mesoscale eddies in the basin. The results permit to define eddy characteristic trajectories, calculate spatial variability of their velocities and radii and frequency of detection of cyclones and anticyclones. The obtained results are in good agreement with the earlier published studies of the eddy characteristics derived from satellite and in situ data. The modeling results permit to investigate the features of vertical distribution of eddy characteristics. The eddies are most often detected in the 0–150 m layer (the highest detection frequency F is within 20–50 m). In the 150–300 m layer this value is two times smaller, but still is substantial. Below 300 meters F quickly decreases with depth. The analogous distribution is characteristic of the eddy radii and orbital velocity: the highest values are observed in the upper 0–150 m layer, and in the lower layers they sharply decrease with depth. The analysis of seasonal variability of the eddy characteristics shows that the anticyclonic dynamics intensifies in summer, whereas the cyclonic one – in winter, that is consistent with the previous studies. The developed method provides additional opportunities for investigating the features of the eddy generation and evolution in the Black Sea

On the Issue of Initiating a Project of Digital Online Training Platforms to Increase the Competitiveness of Domestic Industrial Enterprises in the World Market

В тезисах данной статьи авторами впервые поставлены вопросы обоснования инициирования проекта цифровой онлайн-платформы профессионального обучения в целях реализации интересов отечественных промышленных предприятий на мировом рынке. В рамках статьи представлена разработанная авторами принципиальная схема матричной структуры управления онлайн-обучением на базе цифровых платформ в интересах реализации стратегических инициатив отечественных предприятий. Также авторами очерчена проблемная область для разработки принципов проектирования цифровых платформ по выделенному вектору целей.In the theses of this article, the authors for the first time raised the issues of justification for initiating the project of a digital online platform for professional training in order to realize the interests of domestic industrial enterprises in the world market. The article presents a schematic diagram of the matrix structure of online learning management based on digital platforms developed by the authors in the interests of implementing strategic initiatives of domestic enterprises

Management tools in modern distributed social communities

The article is devoted to the consideration and generalization of modern management capabilities and tools of distributed social communities formed based on online resources (social networks) to achieve the set socio-economic management goals. The authors conducted a problem analysis of the identified opportunities for managing specialized social thematic resources in the implementation of joint projects, the formation of social groups based on interests and hobbies, and the promotion of brands and products. The authors identify software tools for managing social network media resources. These tools allow collecting data on consumer interaction (b2c), monitoring thematic information, and attracting a new target audience

Malleable Curie Temperatures of Natural Titanomagnetites: Occurrences, Modes, and Mechanisms

Abstract Intermediate-composition titanomagnetites have Curie temperatures (Tc) that depend not only on composition but also on thermal history, with increases of 100°C or more in Tc produced by moderate-temperature (300–400°C) annealing in the laboratory or in slow natural cooling and comparable decreases produced by more rapid cooling (“quenching”) from higher temperatures. New samples spanning a range of titanomagnetite compositions exhibit reversible changes in Tc comparable to those previously documented for pyroclastic samples from Mt. St. Helens and Novarupta. Additional high- and low-temperature measurements help to shed light on the nanoscale mechanisms responsible for the observed changes in Tc. High-T hysteresis measurements exhibit a peak in high-field slope khf(T) at the Curie temperature, and the peak magnitude decreases as Tc increases with annealing. Sharp changes in low-T magnetic behavior are also strongly affected by prior annealing or quenching, suggesting that these treatments affect the intrasite cation distributions. We have examined the effects of oxidation state and nonstoichiometry on the magnitude of Tc changes produced by quenching/annealing in different atmospheres. Treatments in air generally cause large changes (ΔTc \u3e 100°). In an inert atmosphere, the changes are similar in many samples but strongly diminished in others. When the samples are embedded in a reducing material, ΔTc becomes insignificant. These results strongly suggest that cation vacancies play an essential role in the cation rearrangements responsible for the observed changes in Tc. Some form of octahedral-site chemical clustering or short-range ordering appears to be the best way to explain the large observed changes in Tc

Virtual pathway explorer (viPEr) and pathway enrichment analysis tool (PEANuT): creating and analyzing focus networks to identify cross-talk between molecules and pathways

BACKGROUND: Interpreting large-scale studies from microarrays or next-generation sequencing for further experimental testing remains one of the major challenges in quantitative biology. Combining expression with physical or genetic interaction data has already been successfully applied to enhance knowledge from all types of high-throughput studies. Yet, toolboxes for navigating and understanding even small gene or protein networks are poorly developed. RESULTS: We introduce two Cytoscape plug-ins, which support the generation and interpretation of experiment-based interaction networks. The virtual pathway explorer viPEr creates so-called focus networks by joining a list of experimentally determined genes with the interactome of a specific organism. viPEr calculates all paths between two or more user-selected nodes, or explores the neighborhood of a single selected node. Numerical values from expression studies assigned to the nodes serve to score identified paths. The pathway enrichment analysis tool PEANuT annotates networks with pathway information from various sources and calculates enriched pathways between a focus and a background network. Using time series expression data of atorvastatin treated primary hepatocytes from six patients, we demonstrate the handling and applicability of viPEr and PEANuT. Based on our investigations using viPEr and PEANuT, we suggest a role of the FoxA1/A2/A3 transcriptional network in the cellular response to atorvastatin treatment. Moreover, we find an enrichment of metabolic and cancer pathways in the Fox transcriptional network and demonstrate a patient-specific reaction to the drug. CONCLUSIONS: The Cytoscape plug-in viPEr integrates –omics data with interactome data. It supports the interpretation and navigation of large-scale datasets by creating focus networks, facilitating mechanistic predictions from –omics studies. PEANuT provides an up-front method to identify underlying biological principles by calculating enriched pathways in focus networks. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-2017-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Access to Marine Genetic Resources (MGR): Raising Awareness of Best-Practice Through a New Agreement for Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ)

Better scientific knowledge of the poorly-known deep sea and areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) is key to its conservation, an urgent need in light of increasing environmental pressures. Access to marine genetic resources (MGR) for the biodiversity research community is essential to allow these environments to be better characterised. Negotiations have commenced under the auspices of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) to develop a new treaty to further the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity in ABNJ. It is timely to consider the relevant issues with the development of the treaty underway. Currently uncertainties surround the legal definition of MGR and scope of related benefit-sharing, against a background of regional and global governance gaps in ABNJ. These complications are mirrored in science, with recent major advances in the field of genomics, but variability in handling of the resulting increasing volumes of data. Here, we attempt to define the concept of MGR from a scientific perspective, review current practices for the generation of and access to MGR from ABNJ in the context of relevant regulations, and illustrate the utility of best-practice with a case study. We contribute recommendations with a view to strengthen best-practice in accessibility of MGR, including: funder recognition of the central importance of taxonomy/biodiversity research; support of museums/collections for long-term sample curation; open access to data; usage and further development of globally recognised data standards and platforms; publishing of datasets via open-access, quality controlled and standardised data systems and open access journals; commitment to best-practice workflows; a global registry of cruises; and lastly development of a clearing house to further centralised access to the above. We argue that commitment to best-practice would allow greater sharing of MGR for research and extensive secondary use including conservation and environmental monitoring, and provide an exemplar for access and benefit-sharing (ABS) to inform the biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) process.Copyright © 2019 Rabone, Harden-Davies, Collins, Zajderman, Appeltans, Droege, Brandt, Pardo-Lopez, Dahlgren, Glover and Horton. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms