1,351 research outputs found
On Urn Models, Non-commutativity and Operator Normal Forms
Non-commutativity is ubiquitous in mathematical modeling of reality and in
many cases same algebraic structures are implemented in different situations.
Here we consider the canonical commutation relation of quantum theory and
discuss a simple urn model of the latter. It is shown that enumeration of urn
histories provides a faithful realization of the Heisenberg-Weyl algebra.
Drawing on this analogy we demonstrate how the operator normal forms facilitate
counting of histories via generating functions, which in turn yields an
intuitive combinatorial picture of the ordering procedure itself.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure
The toric ideal of a graphic matroid is generated by quadrics
Describing minimal generating sets of toric ideals is a well-studied and
difficult problem. Neil White conjectured in 1980 that the toric ideal
associated to a matroid is generated by quadrics corresponding to single
element symmetric exchanges. We give a combinatorial proof of White's
conjecture for graphic matroids.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figure
Cyclage, catabolism, and the affine Hecke algebra
We identify a subalgebra \pH_n of the extended affine Hecke algebra \eH_n of
type A. The subalgebra \pH_n is a \u-analogue of the monoid algebra of \S_n
\ltimes \ZZ_{\geq 0}^n and inherits a canonical basis from that of \eH_n. We
show that its left cells are naturally labeled by tableaux filled with positive
integer entries having distinct residues mod n, which we term \emph{positive
affine tableaux} (PAT).
We then exhibit a cellular subquotient \R_{1^n} of \pH_n that is a
\u-analogue of the ring of coinvariants \CC[y_1,...,y_n]/(e_1,...,e_n) with
left cells labeled by PAT that are essentially standard Young tableaux with
cocharge labels. Multiplying canonical basis elements by a certain element \pi
\in \pH_n corresponds to rotations of words, and on cells corresponds to
cocyclage. We further show that \R_{1^n} has cellular quotients \R_\lambda that
are \u-analogues of the Garsia-Procesi modules R_\lambda with left cells
labeled by (a PAT version of) the \lambda-catabolizable tableaux.
We give a conjectural description of a cellular filtration of \pH_n, the
subquotients of which are isomorphic to dual versions of \R_\lambda under the
perfect pairing on \R_{1^n}. We conjecture how this filtration relates to the
combinatorics of the cells of \eH_n worked out by Shi, Lusztig, and Xi. We also
conjecture that the k-atoms of Lascoux, Lapointe, and Morse and the
R-catabolizable tableaux of Shimozono and Weyman have cellular counterparts in
\pH_n. We extend the idea of atom copies of Lascoux, Lapoint, and Morse to
positive affine tableaux and give descriptions, mostly conjectural, of some of
these copies in terms of catabolizability.Comment: 58 pages, youngtab.sty included for tableau
Combinatorial Route to Algebra: The Art of Composition & Decomposition
We consider a general concept of composition and decomposition of objects,
and discuss a few natural properties one may expect from a reasonable choice
thereof. It will be demonstrated how this leads to multiplication and co-
multiplication laws, thereby providing a generic scheme furnishing
combinatorial classes with an algebraic structure. The paper is meant as a
gentle introduction to the concepts of composition and decomposition with the
emphasis on combinatorial origin of the ensuing algebraic constructions.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figure
Kronecker coefficients for one hook shape
We give a positive combinatorial formula for the Kronecker coefficient
g_{lambda mu(d) nu} for any partitions lambda, nu of n and hook shape mu(d) :=
(n-d,1^d). Our main tool is Haiman's \emph{mixed insertion}. This is a
generalization of Schensted insertion to \emph{colored words}, words in the
alphabet of barred letters \bar{1},\bar{2},... and unbarred letters 1,2,.... We
define the set of \emph{colored Yamanouchi tableaux of content lambda and total
color d} (CYT_{lambda, d}) to be the set of mixed insertion tableaux of colored
words w with exactly d barred letters and such that w^{blft} is a Yamanouchi
word of content lambda, where w^{blft} is the ordinary word formed from w by
shuffling its barred letters to the left and then removing their bars. We prove
that g_{lambda mu(d) nu} is equal to the number of CYT_{lambda, d} of shape nu
with unbarred southwest corner.Comment: 37 pages, 3 figure
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