95 research outputs found
Sales and Investment: Behavior of Manufacturers 1949-1957
Since the appearance of Keynes\u27 General Theory the major point of macro-economic emphasis has been upon the conditions and inducements necessary for capital investment. The general view on the dynamic processes of the economy has been largely altered in this past quarter century. No longer do we believe that what is saved automatically finds its way into investment, with total demand---and, hence, income---remaining constant. The Great Depression the development of fairly decent time series, and the often biting words of Keynes have given business cycle theory a new outlook and a new direction. I do not propose to discuss all these facts in this short paper the consideration of the classical views and the examination of the ideas of Keynes and his successors can well be left to the reader. Instead, our attention shall be focused on a very limited aspect of the problem or capital investment, namely, the plant and equipment expenditures of manufacturers during a short period of time. An attempt will be made to go beyond the simple statistical analysis to discover other factors operative in this period, and their possible effects upon our results
Compensation: The American Way
This paper depicts a picture of American compensation systems and practices in light of concerns for equitable treatment of workers. It raises questions about these practices in reference to racial, gender, and executive pay levels in the U.S., and points out that the principle of equity applied regularly has fallen short when interests and needs of particular groups have been examined. Addressing this shortfall in relation to equity concerns is the key policy challenge facing the American compensation manager
The Latin Model of Compensation: Pay and Benefits Systems in Spain, Italy and France
This study begins with a brief discussion of influences shaping the development of industrial relations systems in France, Italy and Spain in the light of labor movement models proposed by Sturmthal and Scoville and by Lipset. It then turns to the early development of the complex systems of compensation found there, as well as implications for the generality of the Dunlop-Rothbaum hypothesis. Against this backdrop, it proceeds to a detailed discussion of compensation systems in the three countries
Adjustable microchip ring trap for cold atoms and molecules
We describe the design and function of a circular magnetic waveguide produced
from wires on a microchip for atom interferometry using deBroglie waves. The
guide is a two-dimensional magnetic minimum for trapping weak-field seeking
states of atoms or molecules with a magnetic dipole moment. The design consists
of seven circular wires sharing a common radius. We describe the design, the
time-dependent currents of the wires and show that it is possible to form a
circular waveguide with adjustable height and gradient while minimizing
perturbation resulting from leads or wire crossings. This maximal area geometry
is suited for rotation sensing with atom interferometry via the Sagnac effect
using either cold atoms, molecules and Bose-condensed systems
PyMorph: Automated Galaxy Structural Parameter Estimation using Python
We present a new software pipeline -- PyMorph -- for automated estimation of
structural parameters of galaxies. Both parametric fits through a two
dimensional bulge disk decomposition as well as structural parameter
measurements like concentration, asymmetry etc. are supported. The pipeline is
designed to be easy to use yet flexible; individual software modules can be
replaced with ease. A find-and-fit mode is available so that all galaxies in a
image can be measured with a simple command. A parallel version of the Pymorph
pipeline runs on computer clusters and a Virtual Observatory compatible web
enabled interface is under development.Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRA
The angular correlations of galaxies in the COSMOS field
We present measurements of the two-point galaxy angular correlation function
w(\theta) in the COSMOS field. Independent determinations of w(\theta) as a
function of magnitude limit are presented for both the HST ACS catalog and also
for the ground-based data from Subaru and the CFHT. Despite having
significantly different masks, these three determinations agree well. At bright
magnitudes (IAB<22), our data generally match very well with existing
measurements and with mock catalogs based on semi-analytic galaxy formation
calculations of Kitzbichler and White from the Millennium Simulation. The
exception is that our result is at the upper end of the expected cosmic
variance scatter for \theta > 10 arcmin, which we attribute to a particularly
rich structure known to exist at z~0.8. For fainter samples, however, the level
of clustering is somewhat higher than reported by some previous studies: in all
three catalogues we find w(\theta=1')~0.014 at a median IAB magnitude of 24. At
these very faintest magnitudes, our measurements agree well with the latest
determinations from the Canada-France Legacy Survey. This level of clustering
is approximately double what is predicted by the semi-analytic catalogs (at all
angles). The semi-analytic results allow an estimate of cosmic variance, which
is too small to account for the discrepancy. We therefore conclude that the
mean amplitude of clustering at this level is higher than previously estimated.Comment: Six pages, five figures. Accepted for publication in the ApJS COSMOS
special issue, Sept. 200
Recommended from our members
The XMM-Newton Wide field survey in the COSMOS field: redshift evolution of AGN bias and subdominant role of mergers in triggering moderate luminosity AGN at redshift up to 2.2
We present a study of the redshift evolution of the projected correlation
function of 593 X-ray selected AGN with I_AB<23 and spectroscopic redshifts
z<4, extracted from the 0.5-2 keV X-ray mosaic of the 2.13 deg^2 XMM-COSMOS
survey. We introduce a method to estimate the average bias of the AGN sample
and the mass of AGN hosting halos, solving the sample variance using the halo
model and taking into account the growth of the structure over time. We find
evidence of a redshift evolution of the bias factor for the total population of
XMM-COSMOS AGN from b(z=0.92)=2.30 +/- 0.11 to b(z=1.94)=4.37 +/- 0.27 with an
average mass of the hosting DM halos logM [h^-1 M_sun] ~ 13.12 +/- 0.12 that
remains constant at all z < 2. Splitting our sample into broad optical lines
AGN (BL), AGN without broad optical lines (NL) and X-ray unobscured and
obscured AGN, we observe an increase of the bias with redshift in the range
z=0.7-2.25 and z=0.6-1.5 which corresponds to a constant halo mass logM [h^-1
M_sun] ~ 13.28 +/- 0.07 and logM [h^-1 M_sun] ~ 13.00 +/- 0.06 for BL /X-ray
unobscured AGN and NL/X-ray obscured AGN, respectively. The theoretical models
which assume a quasar phase triggered by major mergers can not reproduce the
high bias factors and DM halo masses found for X-ray selected BL AGN with L_BOL
~ 2e45 erg s^-1. Our work extends up to z ~ 2.2 the z <= 1 statement that, for
moderate luminosity X-ray selected BL AGN, the contribution from major mergers
is outnumbered by other processes, possibly secular such as tidal disruptions
or disk instabilities.Comment: 16 emulateapj pages, 18 figures and 3 tables. Accepted for the
publication in The Astrophysical Journa
Massive star formation and feedback in W49A: The source of our Galaxy's most luminous water maser outflow
We present high spatial resolution mid-IR images of the ring of UCHII regions
in W49A obtained at Gemini North, allowing us to identify the driving source of
its powerful H2O maser outflow. These data also confirm our previous report
that several radio sources in the ring are undetected in the mid-IR because
they are embedded deep inside the cloud core. We locate the source of the water
maser outflow at the position of the compact mid-IR peak of source G (source
G:IRS1). This IR source is not coincident with any identified compact radio
continuum source, but is coincident with a hot molecular core, so we propose
that G:IRS1 is a hot core driving an outflow analogous to the wide-angle
bipolar outflow in OMC-1. G:IRS1 is at the origin of a larger bipolar cavity
and CO outflow. The water maser outflow is orthogonal to the bipolar CO cavity,
so the masers probably reside near its waist in the cavity walls. Models of the
IR emission require a massive protostar of 45Msun, 3e5Lsun, and an effective
envelope accretion rate of 1e-3Msun/yr. Feedback from the central star could
potentially drive the H2O maser outflow, but it has insufficient radiative
momentum to have driven the large-scale CO outflow, requiring that this massive
star had an active accretion disk over the past 10^4 yr. Combined with the
spatialy resolved morphology in IR images, G:IRS1 in W49 provides compelling
evidence for a massive protostar that formed by accreting from a disk,
accompanied by a bipolar outflow.Comment: 14 pages, MNRAS accepte
Dynamics of Barred Galaxies
Some 30% of disc galaxies have a pronounced central bar feature in the disc
plane and many more have weaker features of a similar kind. Kinematic data
indicate that the bar constitutes a major non-axisymmetric component of the
mass distribution and that the bar pattern tumbles rapidly about the axis
normal to the disc plane. The observed motions are consistent with material
within the bar streaming along highly elongated orbits aligned with the
rotating major axis. A barred galaxy may also contain a spheroidal bulge at its
centre, spirals in the outer disc and, less commonly, other features such as a
ring or lens. Mild asymmetries in both the light and kinematics are quite
common. We review the main problems presented by these complicated dynamical
systems and summarize the effort so far made towards their solution,
emphasizing results which appear secure. (Truncated)Comment: This old review appeared in 1993. Plain tex with macro file. 82 pages
18 figures. A pdf version with figures at full resolution (3.24MB) is
available at http://www.physics.rutgers.edu/~sellwood/bar_review.pd
- âŠ