OLLI-liikennetietopalvelun pilotin arviointitutkimus 2007 : loppuraportti

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Uso de técnicas de geoprocessamento na determinação de áreas de risco de incêndio e determinação de locais para a instalação de torres de observação de incêndios. Estudo de caso: Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula/RS

In this work, the tools of geoprocessing were used as a subject to elaborate a map of fires risk to the National Forest of São Francisco de Paula, State of Rio Grande do Sul, and also to determinate suitable spots for strategic location of two fire observation towers, that could help for the prevention and combats to fires in the forest. Mapping fire risk was achieved by following, basically, the methodology proposed by Vettorazzi & Ferraz (1998). In this way, using the image of the satellite Ikonos /I and topographical maps that corresponded to the study area, such as realizing practice works, it was possible to generate, at the software Idrisi for Windows (32 bits), 6 layers, which were integrated using GIS, giving place to a map of fires risk to the zone. This map, associated with otherinformation about the zone and of the local habits, allowed the determination of the spots to installate the towers. It was ended that the proposed methodology adapted to the study area, and that the zone needs a strategic plan of prevention and combats to fires because of its importance as a preservation area and due to its report of fires occurrence.In this work, the tools of geoprocessing were used as a subject to elaborate a map of fires risk to the National Forest of São Francisco de Paula, State of Rio Grande do Sul, and also to determinate suitable spots for strategic location of two fire observation towers, that could help for the prevention and combats to fires in the forest. Mapping fire risk was achieved by following, basically, the methodology proposed by Vettorazzi & Ferraz (1998). In this way, using the image of the satellite Ikonos /I and topographical maps that corresponded to the study area, such as realizing practice works, it was possible to generate, at the software Idrisi for Windows (32 bits), 6 layers, which were integrated using GIS, giving place to a map of fires risk to the zone. This map, associated with other information about the zone and of the local habits, allowed the determination of the spots to installate the towers. It was ended that the proposed methodology adapted to the study area, and that the zone needs a strategic plan of prevention and combats to fires because of its importance as a preservation area and due to its report of fires occurrence.Neste trabalho, as ferramentas do geoprocessamento foram utilizadas com o objetivo de elaborar um mapa de risco de incêndio para a Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula/RS e determinar os locais mais adequados para a localização estratégicas de duas torres de observação de incêndios, que auxiliem na prevenção e combate de incêndios na floresta. O mapeamento de risco de incêndios foi realizado seguindo-se basicamente a metodologia proposta por Vettorazzi & Ferraz (1998). Assim, utilizando-se a imagem do satélite Ikonos II e cartas topográficas correspondentes à área de estudo, bem como com a realização de trabalhos de campo, foi possível gerar, por meio de interpretação visual, no software Idrisi for Windows (versão 32 bits), 6 Planos de Informação, os quais foram integrados através de SIG, dando lugar a um mapa de risco de incêndio da zona. Este mapa de risco, aliado às demais informações referentes ao terreno e aos costumes locais, permitiram determinar os melhores pontos para a instalação das torres. Concluiu-se que a metodologia proposta adequou-se a área em estudo, e que a zona necessita de um plano de prevenção e combate a incêndio visto a sua importância como área de preservação e devido a seu histórico de ocorrência de incêndios

Digital Outpatient Services for Adults: Development of an Intervention and Protocol for a Multicenter Non–Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Health care services are being challenged by an increasing number of patients and limited resources. Hence, research investigating options to reduce costs and increase effectiveness is warranted. Digital outpatient services can provide flexible and tailored follow-up, improve patients’ health literacy, and facilitate the identification of adverse courses of disease. However, previous research largely focused on disease-specific contexts and outcomes. Therefore, research on digital services investigating generic outcomes such as health literacy is warranted. Objective: This article aims to describe the “digital outpatient service” intervention and present the protocol for an ongoing multicenter, nonrandomized trial evaluating this intervention. Methods: Based on previous experiences and evidence-based knowledge, we developed this intervention through patient-journey maps in collaboration with each clinical specialty. The patients gain access to a mobile app for self-monitoring and patient-reported outcomes and a chat for contact between the patients and health care workers. The health care workers’ dashboard includes a traffic light system to draw attention to the most urgent patient reports. In this multicenter, non–randomized controlled trial, patients are allocated to the control group receiving standard care or the 6-month intervention. Eligible patients are aged 18 years or older who receive outpatient care at the neurology, lung, pain, or cancer departments at 2 university hospitals in Norway. Our evaluation will include patient-reported outcomes, qualitative interviews, and clinical measures. The primary outcome will be health literacy using the Health Literacy Questionnaire. A sample size of 165 participants is split into a 1:2 ratio in favor of the intervention. We will analyze quantitative data in SPSS (IBM Corp) using descriptive statistics and logistic regression, and qualitative data using thematic analysis. Results: This trial started in September 2021, and the intervention started in January 2022. Recruitment has ended, with 55 patients in the control group and 107 patients in the intervention group. Follow-up is expected to end in July 2023, with results expected to be obtained in December 2023. Conclusions: This study will evaluate an intervention facilitated by an already certified digital multicomponent solution, with intervention content based on patient-reported outcomes, health literacy, and self-monitoring. The intervention is specifically tailored to each participating center and the needs of their patients using patient journey maps. The comprehensive and generic evaluation of this digital outpatient service intervention is a strength as it targets a heterogeneous sample of patients. Thus, this study will provide important knowledge about the applicability and effects of digital health care services. As a result, patients and health care workers will gain a new, evidence-based understanding of whether and how digital tools may be used in clinical care.Background: Health care services are being challenged by an increasing number of patients and limited resources. Hence, research investigating options to reduce costs and increase effectiveness is warranted. Digital outpatient services can provide flexible and tailored follow-up, improve patients’ health literacy, and facilitate the identification of adverse courses of disease. However, previous research largely focused on disease-specific contexts and outcomes. Therefore, research on digital services investigating generic outcomes such as health literacy is warranted.<p

Havbruksnæringen i Møre og Romsdal En verdiskapingsanalyse

Havbruksnæringen skaper betydelige verdier i Møre og Romsdal Analysen gir en beskrivelse av den totale betydningen av havbruksnæringen i Møre og Romsdal målt i verdiskaping og sysselsetttng basert på siste tilgjengelige tall fra Nasjonalregnskapet. Analysen gir også en generell beskrivelse av næringen basert på tilqjengellg statistikk og intervjuer med næringsutøvere. Den totale havbruksnæringen i Møre og Romsdal representerte i 2010 en verdiskaping (bidrag til BNP) på over 3,8 milliarder kroner og ga sysselsetting til ca 2 900 årsverk. Kjernevirksomheten nærmere bestemt oppdretts-, slakteri/foredlings- og grossistleddet i Møre og Romsdal representerte en verdiskaping på til sammen 2,5 mrd kroner og sysselsatte 1 300 årsverk. Denne aktiviteten gav opphav til samlede ringvirkninger i eget fylke tllsvarende 1,3 mrd i verdiskaping, og sysselsetting av 1600 årsverk. I 2010 skapte hver krone i verdiskaping i havbruksnæringens kjerneaktiviteter 0,50 kroner i verdiskaping i annet næringsliv i Møre og Romsdal og hvert årsverk skapte 1.25 årsverk i annet næringsliv i fylket.publishedVersio

TOTI-hankkeen loppuraportti

TOTI-hankkeessa tavoitteena oli saada tutkittua tietoa, jota voidaan käyttää optimaalisten toimistotilojen suunnittelemiseen. Monitieteellinen tutkijaryhmä kehitti toimivia kokonaisratkaisuja yhdessä rakennusalan ammattilaisten ja toimitilojen käyttäjien kanssa. Erityisesti tarkasteltiin avotilatoimistojen oloja ja siellä akustiikkaa, lämpöoloja, yksityisyyttä, sisustusta, työtehtävien vaatimuksia ja organisaation tehtäviä.1

Kunnskapskartlegging-produksjon av stor laksesmolt

publishedVersio

Kunnskapskartlegging-produksjon av stor laksesmolt

Basert på forskning og erfaringer kan det gis noen anbefalinger for produksjon av storsmolt med tanke på sentrale produksjonsparametere i den landbaserte fasen av produksjonen. En temperatur på 10-12 °C anbefales for å sikre god vekst i sjøfase og redusere tidlig kjønnsmodning hos hannfisk. Det anbefales ikke å gå bort fra lysstyring for å indusere smoltifisering før det foreligger mer dokumentasjon på effekten av dette på prestasjon i sjø. En salinitet mellom 12-15 ppt er i mange studier oppgitt å gi optimal vekst, og ble av oppdrettere ansett for å gi færre problem med skinnhelse og sårdannelse, noe som også støttes av vitenskapelige funn. Men det er usikkert om 12-15 ppt er tilstrekkelig for å opprettholde sjøvannstoleranse i en storsmolt. Det anbefales at fisken akklimatiseres til temperaturen den skal settes ut på slik at endringen i temperatur blir maks 3-5 °C. Det er ikke anbefalt å sette ut storsmolt på kalde vintertemperaturer. Flere oppdrettere erfarer utfordringer med fiskevelferd hvis tettheten overstiger 65-70 kg/m3 og majoriteten mener at 65 kg/m3 er en god grenseverdi som ivaretar vannkvalitet og fiskehelse. En vannhastighet på om lag 1.0 kroppslengder per sekund, synes optimalt basert på vitenskapelige studier på postsmolt fra 60 og opp til 480 g. Vitenskapelige studier indikerer at verdier under 15 mg/L CO2 i brakkvann ikke gir en stor reduksjon i vekst, og er også anbefalt som grenseverdi av Mattilsynet

Global sea-level budget and ocean-mass budget, with a focus on advanced data products and uncertainty characterisation

Studies of the global sea-level budget (SLB) and the global ocean-mass budget (OMB) are essential to assess the reliability of our knowledge of sea-level change and its contributors. Here we present datasets for times series of the SLB and OMB elements developed in the framework of ESA's Climate Change Initiative. We use these datasets to assess the SLB and the OMB simultaneously, utilising a consistent framework of uncertainty characterisation. The time series, given at monthly sampling and available at https://doi.org/10.5285/17c2ce31784048de93996275ee976fff (Horwath et al., 2021), include global mean sea-level (GMSL) anomalies from satellite altimetry, the global mean steric component from Argo drifter data with incorporation of sea surface temperature data, the ocean-mass component from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite gravimetry, the contribution from global glacier mass changes assessed by a global glacier model, the contribution from Greenland Ice Sheet and Antarctic Ice Sheet mass changes assessed by satellite radar altimetry and by GRACE, and the contribution from land water storage anomalies assessed by the global hydrological model WaterGAP (Water Global Assessment and Prognosis). Over the period January 1993–December 2016 (P1, covered by the satellite altimetry records), the mean rate (linear trend) of GMSL is 3.05 ± 0.24 mm yr−1. The steric component is 1.15 ± 0.12 mm yr−1 (38 % of the GMSL trend), and the mass component is 1.75 ± 0.12 mm yr−1 (57 %). The mass component includes 0.64  ± 0.03 mm yr−1 (21 % of the GMSL trend) from glaciers outside Greenland and Antarctica, 0.60 ± 0.04 mm yr−1 (20 %) from Greenland, 0.19 ± 0.04 mm yr−1 (6 %) from Antarctica, and 0.32 ± 0.10 mm yr−1 (10 %) from changes of land water storage. In the period January 2003–August 2016 (P2, covered by GRACE and the Argo drifter system), GMSL rise is higher than in P1 at 3.64 ± 0.26 mm yr−1. This is due to an increase of the mass contributions, now about 2.40 ± 0.13 mm yr−1 (66 % of the GMSL trend), with the largest increase contributed from Greenland, while the steric contribution remained similar at 1.19 ± 0.17 mm yr−1 (now 33 %). The SLB of linear trends is closed for P1 and P2; that is, the GMSL trend agrees with the sum of the steric and mass components within their combined uncertainties. The OMB, which can be evaluated only for P2, shows that our preferred GRACE-based estimate of the ocean-mass trend agrees with the sum of mass contributions within 1.5 times or 0.8 times the combined 1σ uncertainties, depending on the way of assessing the mass contributions. Combined uncertainties (1σ) of the elements involved in the budgets are between 0.29 and 0.42 mm yr−1, on the order of 10 % of GMSL rise. Interannual variations that overlie the long-term trends are coherently represented by the elements of the SLB and the OMB. Even at the level of monthly anomalies the budgets are closed within uncertainties, while also indicating possible origins of remaining misclosures