Pemanfaatan teknologi pendidikan oleh guru pendidikan agama Islam (PAI) di SMA Negeri 1 Gunung Tuleh Pasaman Barat

Permasalahan penelitian ini adalah apa saja jenis teknologi pendidikan di SMA Negeri 1 Gunung Tuleh Pasaman Barat, bagaimana pemanfaatan teknologi pendidikan oleh guru PAI di SMA Negeri 1 Gunung Tuleh Pasaman Barat, apa saja kendala yang dihadapi oleh guru PAI di SMA Negeri 1 Gunung Tuleh Pasaman Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis teknologi pendidikan di SMA Negeri 1 Gunung Tuleh Pasaman Barat, mengetahui pemanfaatan teknologi pendidikan oleh guru PAI di SMA Negeri 1 Gunung Tuleh Pasaman Barat, mengetahui kendala-kendala yang dihadapi oleh guru PAI di SMA Negeri 1 Gunung Tuleh Pasaman Barat. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan pendidikan oleh guru pendidikan agama Islam (PAI) di SMA Negeri 1 Gunung Tuleh. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penentuan kualitatif lapangan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan dengan prosedur menggambarkan, mengungkapkan keadaan objek penelitian berdasarkan fakta-fakta yang tampak sebagaimana adanya dan selanjutnya dianalisis berdasarkan pemikiran deduksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis teknologi pendidikan yang ada di SMA Negeri 1 Gunung Tuleh Pasaman Barat ada dua jenis. Pertama, dilihat dari karakteristiknya terdiri dari media grafis, media audio. Media grafis yang tersedia di SMA Negeri 1 Gunung Tuleh Pasaman Barat adalah gambar/foto, peta dan globe, papan tulis. Media audio terdiri dari radio, laboratorium bahasa, teknologi pendidikan yang kompleks terdiri dari komputer 15 unit, laptop 2 unit dan infocus 2 buah. Kemampuan guru PAI SMA Negeri 1 Gunung Tuleh Pasaman Barat dalam memanfaatkan teknologi pendidikan dapat dikatakan kurang. Kendala yang dihadapi guru yaitu kendala secara umum yaitu kurangnya pengetahuan tentang jenis-jenis teknologi yang bisa digunakan dalam mata pelajaran, kurang tersedianya teknologi yang mendukung mata pelajaran tersebut, pendalaman yang tidak mampu menyiapkan teknologi pendidikan yang bersifat elektronik seperti OHP, infokus. Sedangkan kendala secara khusus yaitu tersedianya sumber setempat, faktor yang menyangkut keluwesan, kepaktisan dan ketahanan media

DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS: A CASE STUDY OF ABU DHABI MUNICIPALITY TRANSPORT DEPARTMENT

The new generation is rapidly adapting to the digital era, where government and private services are being transformed into electronic services, commonly known as Eservices. Cities are leveraging digitalization to streamline their business processes and business services. This digitalization has improved service delivery time and quality for individuals. With digitalization, business processes align with technology, enhancing performance and customer satisfaction. However, there are challenges associated with digitalization, particularly people working in various municipality departments who find it challenging to adapt to digitization. Employees may take time to adjust to the new techniques and technologies, which may hamper the actions of the municipality departments. Therefore, the main objective of this research proposal is to investigate the benefits of digital transformation in different departments of local municipalities. In this research, we will use qualitative and quantitative methods for data collection through surveys. The study will be conducted in the Transport Department of Abu Dhabi Municipality, targeting the employees and customers in the Abu Dhabi and Al Ain centers. The results indicate that around 86% of the respondents believe that service delivery has improved due to digital transformation, with 96% of the participants considering digital transformation essential. Customer satisfaction is closely linked to the development of online service, and a considerable percentage of respondents confirm that service delivery time and efficiency have significantly improved due to digital transformation. Finally, a reference framework for digital transformation will be presented, and discuss the result outcomes based on this reference framework

Implementasi kegiatan Pakubumi untuk meningkatkan karakter siswa MIN 1 Kota Malang

ABSTRAK Implementasi Kegiatan Pakubumi dilakukan di MIN 1 Kota Malang untuk meningkatkan karakter siswa disaat pembelajaran dilakukan di rumah. Dikarenakan pembelajaran dilakukan di rumah Bapak Kepala Madrasah ingin bahwasanya siswa tetap melakukan sesuai visi madrasah yaitu “terwujudnya lulusan madrasah yang beriman, berakhlak mulia dan berprestasi” sehingga terciptalah kegiatan Pakubumi. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni 1) Untuk Mengetahui konsep kegiatan Pakubumi di MIN 1 Kota Malang, 2) Untuk mengetahui Implementasi Pakubumi dalam konteks peningkatan karakter siswa, dan 3) Untuk Mengetahui faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat implementasi Pakubumi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif studi kasus observasi, dengan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Subjek pada penelitian ini yaitu siswa MIN 1 Kota Malang, Tim Pakubumi dan juga Wali Murid. Data yang sudah dikumpulkan dianalisis dengan cara mereduksi data kemudian melakukan penyajian data serta penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi data. Uji keabsahan data dilakukan dengan cara triangulasi. Hasil dari penelitian implementasi kegiatan Pakubumi untuk meningkatkan karakter siswa MIN 1 Kota Malang yakni implementasi kegiatan Pakubumi, awalnya dilakukan di rumah dikarenakan pembelajaran jarak jauh dan ketika pembelajaran sudah aktif lagi di sekolah kegiatan Pakubumi juga dilakukan di sekolah. Kegiatan Pakubumi juga memiliki tim yang dibagi setiap jenjang kelas guna untuk nempermudah implementasi kegiatan Pakubumi. Selama adanya kegiatan Pakubumi dimulai dari pembelajaran jarak jauh hingga pembelajaran tatap muka, hasil yang di dapat peneliti bahwasanya dapat dikatakan 90% karakter anak memiliki kenaikan dan ini juga tidak luput dari kerjasama antara tim Pakubumi, wali kelas dan juga wali murid yang membantu berjalannya kegiatan Pakubumi. Karakter anak yang tercipta karena adanya kegiatan Pakubumi yaitu karakter religus, karakter nasional, karakter integritas, karakter mandiri dan juga karakter gotong royong, 5 karakter ini sesuai dengan kemendikbud dalam prioritas pengembangan gerakan PKK. ABSTRACT The implementation of Pakubumi activities is carried out in MIN 1 Malang City to improve the character of students when learning is carried out at home. Because learning is carried out at home, the Head of Madrasah wants students to continue to do according to the madrasa's vision, namely "the realization of madrasa graduates who have faith, have noble character and have achievements" so that Pakubumi activities are created. The objectives of this study are 1) To know the concept of Pakubumi activities in MIN 1 Malang City, 2) To find out the implementation of Pakubumi in the context of increasing student character, and 3) To find out the supporting factors and inhibiting factors for the implementation of Pakubumi. This study uses a qualitative research approach of observational case studies, with interview, observation and documentation data collection techniques. The subjects in this study were students of MIN 1 Malang City, Pakubumi Team and also Student Guardians. The data that has been collected is analyzed by reducing the data and then presenting the data as well as drawing conclusions and verifying the data. Test the validity of the data is done by triangulation. The results of the research on the implementation of Pakubumi activities to improve the character of MIN 1 Malang City students, namely the implementation of Pakubumi activities, were initially carried out at home due to distance learning and when learning was active again at school Pakubumi activities were also carried out at school. Pakubumi activities also have teams that are divided into each grade level in order to facilitate the implementation of Pakubumi activities. During Pakubumi activities starting from distance learning to face-to-face learning, the results obtained by researchers are that it can be said that 90% of children's characters have an increase and this also does not escape the collaboration between the Pakubumi team, homeroom teachers and also student guardians who help run Pakubumi activities. . The character of children created because of Pakubumi activities, namely religious character, national character, integrity character, independent character and also mutual cooperation character, these 5 characters are in accordance with the Ministry of Education and Culture in the priority of developing the PKK movement. مستخلص البحث يتم تنفيذ أنشطة باكوبومي في المدرسة الإبتدائية الإسلامية الحكومية ١ مدينة مالانج لتحسين شخصية التلاميذ عندما يتم التعلم في المنزل. نظرًا لأن التعلم يتم في المنزل، فإن مدير المدرسة يريد من التلاميذ الاستمرار في القيام بذلك وفقًا لرؤية المدرسة، أي "تحقيق خريجي المدرسة الذين لديهم إيمان وشخصية نبيلة ولديهم إنجازات" بحيث يتم إنشاء أنشطة باكوبومي. أهداف هذا البحث هي 1) معرفة مفهوم أنشطة باكوبومي في المدرسة الإبتدائية الإسلامية الحكومية ١ مدينة مالانج 2) لمعرفة تنفيذ باكوبومي في سياق زيادة شخصية التلاميذ ، و 3) لمعرفة العوامل الداعمة والعوامل المثبطة لتنفيذ باكوبومي. تستخدم الباحثة نهج البحث النوعي لدراسات الحالة القائمة على الملاحظة، مع تقنيات جمع البيانات، المقابلة والملاحظة والتوثيق. شارك في هذا البحث التلاميذ المدرسة الإبتدائية الإسلامية الحكومية ١ مدينة مالانج وفريق باكوبومي و ولي الطالِب أيضًا. يتم تحليل البيانات التي تم جمعها عن طريق تقليل البيانات ثم تقديم البيانات وكذلك استخلاص النتائج والتحقق من البيانات. تم اختبار صحة البيانات عن طريق التثليث. تم تنفيذ نتائج البحث حول تنفيذ أنشطة باكوبومي لتحسين شخصية التلاميذ المدرسة الإبتدائية الإسلامية الحكومية ١ مدينة مالانج أي تنفيذ أنشطة باكوبومي، في البداية في المنزل بسبب التعلم عن بعد وعندما كان التعلم نشطًا مرة أخرى في المدرسة كانت أنشطة باكوبومي نفذت أيضا في المدارس. تحتوي أنشطة باكوبومي أيضًا على فرق مقسمة إلى كل مستوى صف من أجل تسهيل تنفيذ أنشطة باكوبومي. خلال أنشطة باكوبومي التي تبدأ من التعلم عن بعد إلى التعلم وجهًا لوجه، النتائج التي حصل عليها الباحثة هي أنه يمكن القول أن 90٪ من شخصيات الأطفال لديهم زيادة وهذا أيضًا لا يفلت من التعاون بين فريق باكوبومي ومعلمي الصف. وأيضًا أولياء أمور التلاميذ الذين يساعدون في إدارة أنشطة باكوبومي. شخصية الأطفال التي أنشأتها أنشطة باكوبومي هي الطابع الديني والشخصية الوطنية والشخصية النزاهة والشخصية المستقلة وأيضًا طابع التعاون المتبادل ، وهذه الشخصيات الخمسة تتوافق مع وزارة التعليم والثقافة في أولوية تطوير حركة حزب العمال الكردستاني. الكلمات الرئيسية : تنفيذ، باكوبومي، شخصية التلامي

La régulation du gène CYP19A1 dans les cellules de granulosa bovine in vitro

L’oestradiol joue un rôle important dans la reproduction en général, particulièrement dans la croissance folliculaire chez la vache. La production de l’œstradiol nécessite l’expression du gène CYP19A1 suite à la stimulation des cellules de granulosa par l’hormone folliculostimulante (FSH) ou le facteur de croissance insulinique de type 1 (IGF-1). Chez la vache, il existe six promoteurs (1.1 ; 1.2 ; 1.3 ; 1.4 ; 1.5 et 2) qui dirigent la transcription du gène CYP19A1 dans les cellules de la granulosa. Le principal promoteur qui dirige la transcription au niveau de l’ovaire (cellules de granulosa) est le promoteur 2 (P2). Cependant, l’effet de la FSH et de l’IGF-1 sur l’activation de ces promoteurs d’aromatase demeure mal connu. De plus, la demi-vie du transcrit CYP19A1 est très courte avec une région 3’UTR relativement longue. L’analyse de la séquence 3’UTR montre la présence des motifs ARE (séquence riche en AU), des études antérieur montrent que ces séquences impliquent dans la régulation de la stabilité ou la dégradation de l’ARNm, ce qui est fort probable que la courte demi-vie de l’ARNm CYP19A1 est sous le contrôle post-transcriptionel. L’objectif de la thèse visait à étudier la régulation de l’expression du gène CYP19A1 chez la vache. Il y a deux thèmes soit étude de la régulation transcriptionnelle ciblant le promoteur et soit étude de la régulation post-transcriptionnelle impliquant la région 3’non traduite (3’UTR). Le premier objectif vise à étudier la régulation transcriptionnelle du gène CYP19A1. Nous avons étudié l'activité du promoteur ovarien bovin dans deux modèles de cellules de la granulosa, les cellules lutéinisées et nonlutéinisées in vitro, suite à une stimulation des cellules par la FSH ou IGF-1. Nous avons également évalué la voie de signalisation impliquée dans la régulation des différents promoteurs en utilisant un RT-PCR et un gène rapporteur (les différents promoteurs d’aromatase ont été insérés dans le vecteur pGL3promoter en amont du gène exprimant la luciférase). Les résultats de RT-PCR démontrent que la FSH et l’IGF-1 augmentent les concentrations d’ARNm provenant des deux promoteurs 2 et 1.1 dans les cellules de la granulosa non lutéinisées. Des expériences subséquentes ont montré que la FSH stimule le promoteur 2 via la voie PKA tandis que l'IGF-1 stimule le promoteur 2 via la voie PKC. La FSH et l’IGF-1 stimulent l’expression du promoteur 1.1 via la voie PI3K. L’analyse de l’activité luciférase démontre que dans les cellules de granulosa lutéinisées, la FSH stimule le promoteur 1.1 de façon dose dépendante et ne semble y avoir aucun effet significatif sur le promoteur 2. Nous avons donc comparé l’activité du promoteur PII/P2 humain, du rat, de la chèvre et de la vache dans les cellules de granulosa bovine lutéinisées. Le résultat le plus significatif est que le promoteur 2 bovine (et caprine) dépend de plusieurs facteurs de transcription (NR5A2, FOXL2) comparé au promoteur PII humain et celui du promoteur proximal du rat qui dépendent principalement de l'AMPc. En effet, nos résultats ont démontré une expression raisonnablement robuste du P2 bovine lorsque les cellules sont traitées à la forskoline, NR5A2 et FOXL2. Le facteur FOXL2 semble déterminer l'activité du promoteur 2 chez le ruminant. Le deuxième objectif vise à étudier la régulation post-transcriptionnelle du gène CYP19A1. Pour ce faire, nous avons déterminé la séquence minimale de l'ARNm CYP19A1 requise pour la régulation de sa demi-vie. Différents séquences de la région 3’UTR ont été insérés dans le vecteur pGL3promoter en aval du gène exprimant la luciférase ou soit dans le vecteur pGEMTeasy. Le vecteur pGL3promoter a été transfecté dans les cellules de granulosa lutéinisées pour évaluer l'impact de la séquence 3'UTR sur l'expression du gène rapporteur de la luciférase, alors que le vecteur pGEMTeasy a été utilisé pour la transcription in vitro afin de générer de l’ARNm. Ce dernier sera utilisé en réaction croisée au UV avec des extraits protéiques pour démontrer l’association du complexe ARNm/protéine. L’analyse de l’activité luciférase a permis d’identifier une séquence de 200 pb située entre 926 et 1134 pb de la région 3'UTR de l’ARNm CYP19A1 qui a réduit significativement l’activité de la luciférase. Selon les analyses de la réaction croisée au UV, une ou plusieurs protéines de 66 et 80 kDA se lient spécifiquement à la séquence de 200 pb qui réduit l’activité de luciférase. Cette protéine s'exprime dans les cellules de granulosa, mais n’a pas été détectée dans d'autres tissus comme le foie et le cœur. Par ailleurs, l’utilisation du gène rapporteur sensible à la FSH a suscité l’intérêt d'une compagnie pharmaceutique qui vend de l’equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) pour lui permettre de distinguer facilement l’eCG ayant une forte activité FSH et donc, avoir un produit commercial plus efficace et de meilleure qualité. Dans cette étude, nous avons développé un système de bioessai à la FSH basé sur la transfection des cellules avec un récepteur à la FSH et un gène rapporteur colorimètrique qui permet d’estimer l’activité de la FSH dans le sérum de la jument et qui pourrait être applicable au niveau de la ferme/industrie.Oestradiol plays an important role in reproduction in general, particularly during follicular growth. Production of estradiol requires the expression of CYP19A1 following stimulation of granulosa cells by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). In cows, there are six promoters (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 and 1.5 and 2) that direct transcription of CYP19A1, and promoter 2 (P2) is the major promoter used in granulosa cells. However the effect of FSH and IGF-1 on the activation of these promoters of aromatase remains unclear. Further, the CYP19A1 gene has a very short half-life and a long 3' non-translated region (3'UTR) that suggests post-transcriptional as well as transcriptional regulation. The aim of my PhD project is to study the regulation of the CYP19A1 gene in the cow. This summary is divided into two parts, the transcriptional regulation involving the promoter region and the post-transcriptional regulation involving the 3'UTR. The first part of my project was to study the transcriptional regulation of CYP19A1 gene; we measured the expression of the different promoters in luteinized or nonluteinized bovine granulosa cells following stimulation of cells with FSH or IGF-1. The results of RT-PCR showed that FSH and IGF-1 increases mRNA levels from both promoters 2 and 1.1 in non luteinized granulosa cells. Subsequent experiments showed that FSH stimulates the promoter 2 via the PKA pathway and IGF-1 stimulated promoter 2 via the PKC pathway. FSH and IGF-1 stimulate the expression of 1.1 via the PI3K pathway. In subsequent studies in luteinized cells with luciferase reporter genes driven by the specific CYP19A1 promoters, FSH stimulated promoter 1.1 in a dose dependent manner but that promoter 2 was weakly activated and not responsive to FSH. We then compared the activity of human, rat, goat and bovine promoters in luteinised bovine granulosa cells. The most significant result is that the bovine (and caprine) P2 depends on several transcription factors (NR5A2, FOXL2) whereas the human and rat promoters largely depend on cAMP. In fact, these data demonstrate a reasonably robust expression of the bovine P2 when treated with forskolin, NR5A2 and FOXL2. FOXL2 appears to be a determinant of promoter activity in ruminants. The second part of my project was to study the post-transcriptional regulation of the CYP19A1 gene. The objective was to identify the elements required for the regulation of the half-life of CYP19A1 mRNA. To do so, we generated and inserted different fragments of the 3'UTR region of CYP19A1 mRNA in the pGL3promoter vector downstream of the luciferase gene, which was then transfected into luteinized granulosa cells to assess the impact of the 3'UTR sequence on the expression of luciferase reporter gene. We identified a sequence of 200 bp between 926 and 1134 bp of the 3'UTR region of CYP19A1 mRNA that significantly reduced luciferase activity. The same fragments were inserted into the pGEMTeasy vector for in vitro transcription and the generation of mRNA for UV crosslinking with protein extracts to demonstrate the presence of mRNA/protein complexes. We detected protein complexes of 66 and 80KDA that specifically bound to the 200 pb probe. This protein is expressed in granulosa cells but not in other tissues such as the liver and heart. The use of reporter gene attracted the interest of a company producing equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), and an interest was expessed in developing this system to measure the FSH-like bioactivity in eCG, and therefore have a more effective commercial product. In this study, we developed a FSH bioassay system based on the transfection of cells with an the FSH receptor and a colorimetric reporter gene to estimate the activity of FSH in the serum of the mare ; these results may be applicable at the farm / industry

MQTT-PRESENT: Approach to secure internet of things applications using MQTT protocol

The big challenge to raise for deploying the application's domain of the Internet of Things is security. As one of the popular messaging protocols in the IoT world, the message queue telemetry transport (MQTT) is designed for constrained devices and machine-to-machine communications, based on the publish-subscribe model, it offers a basic authentication using username and password. However, this authentication method might have a problem in terms of security and scalability. In this paper, we provide an analysis of the current research in the literature related to the security for the MQTT protocol, before we give a brief description of each algorithm used on our approach, to finally propose a new approach to secure this protocol based on AugPAKE algorithm and PRESENT encryption. This solution provides mutual authentication between the broker and their clients (publishers and subscribers), the confidentiality of the published message is protected twice, the integrity and non-repudiation of MQTT messages which is protected during the process of transmission

Regulation of MMP2 and MMP9 metalloproteinases by FSH and growth factors in bovine granulosa cells

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are key enzymes involved in tissue remodeling. Within the ovary, they are believed to play a major role in ovulation, and have been linked to follicle atresia. To gain insight into the regulation of MMPs, we measured the effect of hormones and growth factors on MMP2 and MMP9 mRNA levels in non-luteinizing granulosa cells in serum-free culture. FSH and IGF1 both stimulated estradiol secretion and inhibited MMP2 and MMP9 mRNA abundance. In contrast, EGF and FGF2 both inhibited estradiol secretion but had no effect on MMP expression. At physiological doses, none of these hormones altered the proportion of dead cells. Although we cannot link MMP expression with apoptosis, the specific down regulation by the gonadotropic hormones FSH and IGF1 in vitro suggests that excess MMP2 and MMP9 expression is neither required nor desired for follicle development

Database for mRNA Half-Life of 19 977 Genes Obtained by DNA Microarray Analysis of Pluripotent and Differentiating Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

Degradation of mRNA is one of the key processes that control the steady-state level of gene expression. However, the rate of mRNA decay for the majority of genes is not known. We successfully obtained the rate of mRNA decay for 19 977 non-redundant genes by microarray analysis of RNA samples obtained from mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. Median estimated half-life was 7.1 h and only <100 genes, including Prdm1, Myc, Gadd45 g, Foxa2, Hes5 and Trib1, showed half-life less than 1 h. In general, mRNA species with short half-life were enriched among genes with regulatory functions (transcription factors), whereas mRNA species with long half-life were enriched among genes related to metabolism and structure (extracellular matrix, cytoskeleton). The stability of mRNAs correlated more significantly with the structural features of genes than the function of genes: mRNA stability showed the most significant positive correlation with the number of exon junctions per open reading frame length, and negative correlation with the presence of PUF-binding motifs and AU-rich elements in 3′-untranslated region (UTR) and CpG di-nucleotides in the 5′-UTR. The mRNA decay rates presented in this report are the largest data set for mammals and the first for ES cells

Grammatical Constraints of Translating the Qur’anic Questions

This article discusses the fundamental grammatical constraints of translating some Qur’anic questions into English. The grammatical constraints are related to syntax, morphology, and sentence structure. The researcher provides an exemplified survey of these grammatical constraints. The findings of the study revealed that the translator should not neglect the grammatical aspects and should care about the sentence structure carefully. The translators of the Holy Quran should be competent in the two languages and the two cultures to avoid any problems in the process of translation. The findings of the study also showed that the translator has to do the best to keep and comprehend the historical and cultural elements of the original text. English translation of the Qur’anic questions should be done under strict quality tests before its approval