Study of Different Pitched Roof Types

The roof is part of a buildings outer skin, and fulfils a range of functions: first it protects the space below it, open or closed, from the weather. Here the most important aspects are drainage precipitation effectively, providing protection from sun and wind, and affording privacy. Different roof structures can be used according to functional requirements or the design approach. In this paper, different Pitched roofs types were reviewed and compared and their advantages and disadvantages according to several comparison criteria were present. The Parameters of each of the systems, roof structure, roof battens, water proofing, thermal insulation methodologies, and Types of Finish are discussed. Keywords: Pitched roof, Mono pitch Roof, Gable roof, Mansard Roo

Mechanical, permeability, and degradation properties of 3D designed poly(1,8 octanediol- co -citrate) scaffolds for soft tissue engineering

Poly(1,8-octanediol- co -citric acid) (POC) is a synthetic biodegradable elastomer that can be processed into three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds for tissue engineering. We investigated the effect of designed porosity on the mechanical properties, permeability, and degradation profiles of the POC scaffolds. For mechanical properties, scaffold compressive data were fitted to a one-dimensional (1D) nonlinear elastic model, and solid tensile data were fitted to a Neohookean incompressible nonlinear elastic model. Chondrocytes were seeded on scaffolds to assess the biocompatibility of POC. Increased porosity was associated with increased degradation rate, increased permeability, and decreased mechanical stiffness, which also became less nonlinear. Scaffold characterization in this article will provide design guidance for POC scaffolds to meet the mechanical and biological parameters needed for engineering soft tissues such as cartilage. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/69170/1/31568_ftp.pd