The influence of nanotopographical and nanoparticle-modified dental implant surface on the process of osseointegration: a systematic review.

Relevance of the problem, and the objective of the review: Despite the great advancement and clinical success of contemporary dental implants, relatively slow osseointegration and long treatment periods of 6 to 12 months remain huge issue in dental implant treatment. As nanotechnology advances rapidly in biomedical field, the idea of its application in implant dentistry in order to promote osseointegration becomes more and more attractive. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to analyse scientific literature regarding the influence of implant nanotopography and nanoparticle modifications on ability to promote osseointegration. Materials and methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Plos One, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library and PMC scientific databases as well Google Scholar search results were analysed. The search was carried out according to PRISMA guidelines. Selection was limited to articles published in English in the last 5 years. Articles were collected using keywords “Nanotechnology”, “Nanotopography\", “Nanoparticles”, “Dental implants” and “Osseointegration”. Studies included in this systematic review were in vivo trials that were conducted in order to compare the influence of nanostructured and nanoparticle-modified implants with unmodified dental implants on ability to promote osseointegration. Results: 14 studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected. These were organised into 2 groups of 7 articles according to surface modification of dental implants. The data was extracted, systematised and evaluated. Data tables were created for summarisation. Conclusions: Nanostructured and nanoparticle-modified dental implants promote osseointegration more than unmodified implants, thus demonstrating the potential to become a new gold standart in dental implantology