Efeito da temperatura e umidade de armazenamento sobre o tempo de cocção de feijão carioca.

O presente trabalho objetiva verificar os efeitos da temperatura e umidade relativa durante o armazenamento de quatro genótipos contrastantes de feijão carioca.CONAF

CHEMICAL CHANGES IN BEAN GRAINS DURING STORAGE IN CONTROLLED CONDITIONS

Banjarmasin, Borneo (Kalimantan, Indonesia) 195-GrayscaleForman Safety Negatives, Box

Industrialização e qualidade de feijões enlatados.

São apresentados alguns detalhes do processamento industrial do feijão tipo enlatado, uma forma de agregar valor à cadeia produtiva; também serão caracterizados parâmetros de qualidade essenciais para que o produto tenha aceitação no mercado consumidor

Efeitos do processo industrial no potencial antioxidante de quatro cultivares brasileiras de feijão carioca.

No Brasil, o feijão é atualmente comercializado na forma in natura para o cozimento, diferente de outros países onde o processado na forma de enlatado é superior à forma seca. No país, o consumo do grão processado ainda é pequeno, mas vem ganhando a mesa dos brasileiros aos poucos. Objetivou-se então avaliar o efeito do processamento industrial no potencial antioxidante do feijão carioca.CONAF

The effect of intermittent drying with variable resting times on quality parameters of corn obtained after storage.

This study aimed to assess the effect of continuous and intermittent drying with different rest times on the quality parameters of stored corn grains. The grains were collected at a moisture content of 25.37 g/100 g and subjected to drying at a temperature of 373 K and air flow rate of 1.5 m3 /(min m2). Drying was carried out using five different rest times (0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 h) and continued until the grains reached a final moisture content of 14 ± 0.3 g/100 g. After drying, the grains were stored under laboratory conditions and assessed at 0, 90, 180 and 270 d. The following conclusions were reached: the rest technique reduced grain damage after drying and during storage without substantially compromising proximal composition; longer rest times resulted in darker grains, while storage decreased the hue and increased the colour intensity of grains. Storage diminished the positive effect of intermittent drying on the arrangement, size and agglomeration of starch granules

Isotope evidence for the use of marine resources in the Eastern Iberian Mesolithic

There are relatively few coastal Mesolithic sites in the Iberian Mediterranean region, probably due to a number of factors including sea level changes and the disappearance of sites due to agriculture and urbanisation. However, recent excavations have uncovered inland sites that have marine faunal remains (i.e. molluscs and fish) and lithics from the coastal area, which both indicate interactions between the coast and the upland valleys. These inland sites are located at a distance of 30e50 km from today¿s coastline and are at altitudes higher than 1000 m. We report on additional information on the links between the coast and these inland sites through the use of dietary isotope analysis (carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis) of collagen extracted from human and faunal remains at the sites of Coves de Santa Maira, Penya del Comptador and Cingle del Mas Nou. The results indicate that Mesolithic diet in this region was largely based on C3 terrestrial resources, but there was measurable evidence of low-level consumption of marine resources at both coastal and inland sites

A Precious Bequest: Contemporary Research with the WPA-CCC Collections from Moundville, Alabama *

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72459/1/j.1749-6632.1981.tb28184.x.pd

Longer and less overlapping food webs in anthropogenically disturbed marine ecosystems: confirmations from the past

The human exploitation of marine resources is characterised by the preferential removal of the largest species. Although this is expected to modify the structure of food webs, we have a relatively poor understanding of the potential consequences of such alteration. Here, we take advantage of a collection of ancient consumer tissues, using stable isotope analysis and SIBER to assess changes in the structure of coastal marine food webs in the South-western Atlantic through the second half of the Holocene as a result of the sequential exploitation of marine resources by hunter-gatherers, western sealers and modern fishermen. Samples were collected from shell middens and museums. Shells of both modern and archaeological intertidal herbivorous molluscs were used to reconstruct changes in the stable isotopic baseline, while modern and archaeological bones of the South American sea lion Otaria flavescens, South American fur seal Arctocephalus australis and Magellanic penguin Spheniscus magellanicus were used to analyse changes in the structure of the community of top predators. We found that ancient food webs were shorter, more redundant and more overlapping than current ones, both in northern-central Patagonia and southern Patagonia. These surprising results may be best explained by the huge impact of western sealing on pinnipeds during the fur trade period, rather than the impact of fishing on fish populations. As a consequence, the populations of pinnipeds at the end of the sealing period were likely well below the ecosystem's carrying capacity, which resulted in a release of intraspecific competition and a shift towards larger and higher trophic level prey. This in turn led to longer and less overlapping food webs

Anthropic resource exploitation and use of the territory at the onset of social complexity in the Neolithic-Chalcolithic Western Pyrenees: a multi-isotope approach

Carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotope analyses from bone collagen provide information about the dietary protein input, while strontium isotopes (87Sr/86Sr) from tooth enamel give us data about provenance and potential territorial mobility of past populations. To date, isotopic results on the prehistory of the Western Pyrenees are scarce. In this article, we report human and faunal values of the mentioned isotopes from the Early-Middle Neolithic site of Fuente Hoz (Anuntzeta) and the Late Neolithic/Early Chalcolithic site of Kurtzebide (Letona, Zigoitia). The main objectives of this work are to analyze the dietary and territorial mobility patterns of these populations. Furthermore, as an additional aim, we will try to discuss social ranking based on the isotope data and existing literature on this topic in the region of study. Our results show that, based on the bioavailable Sr values, both purported local and non-local humans were buried together at the sites. Additionally, they suggest similar resource consumption based on C3 terrestrial resources (i.e. ovicaprids, bovids, and suids) as the main part of the protein input. Overall, this study sheds light on how individuals from different backgrounds were still buried together and shared the same dietary lifestyle at a time in the Prehistory of Iberia when social complexities started to appear

The ‘mosaic habitat’ concept in human evolution: past and present

The habitats preferred by hominins and other species are an important theme in palaeoanthropology, and the ‘mosaic habitat’ (also referred to as habitat heterogeneity) has been a central concept in this regard for the last four decades. Here we explore the development of this concept – loosely defined as a range of different habitat types, such as woodlands, riverine forest and savannah within a limited spatial area– in studies of human evolution in the last sixty years or so. We outline the key developments that took place before and around the time when the term ‘mosaic’ came to wider palaeoanthropological attention. To achieve this we used an analysis of the published literature, a study of illustrations of hominin evolution from 1925 onwards and an email survey of senior researchers in palaeoanthropology and related fields. We found that the term mosaic starts to be applied in palaeoanthropological thinking during the 1970’s due to the work of a number of researchers, including Karl Butzer and Glynn Isaac , with the earliest usage we have found of ‘mosaic’ in specific reference to hominin habitats being by Adriaan Kortlandt (1972). While we observe a steady increase in the numbers of publications reporting mosaic palaeohabitats, in keeping with the growing interest and specialisation in various methods of palaeoenvironmental reconstruction, we also note that there is a lack of critical studies that define this habitat, or examine the temporal and spatial scales associated with it. The general consensus within the field is that the concept now requires more detailed definition and study to evaluate its role in human evolution