830 research outputs found
Chaos in a double driven dissipative nonlinear oscillator
We propose an anharmonic oscillator driven by two periodic forces of
different frequencies as a new time-dependent model for investigating quantum
dissipative chaos. Our analysis is done in the frame of statistical ensemble of
quantum trajectories in quantum state diffusion approach. Quantum dynamical
manifestation of chaotic behavior, including the emergence of chaos, properties
of strange attractors, and quantum entanglement are studied by numerical
simulation of ensemble averaged Wigner function and von Neumann entropy.Comment: 9 pages, 18 figure
Wave decay on convex co-compact hyperbolic manifolds
For convex co-compact hyperbolic quotients X=\Gamma\backslash\hh^{n+1}, we
analyze the long-time asymptotic of the solution of the wave equation
with smooth compactly supported initial data . We show that, if
the Hausdorff dimension of the limit set is less than , then
u(t) = C_\delta(f) e^{(\delta-\ndemi)t} / \Gamma(\delta-n/2+1) +
e^{(\delta-\ndemi)t} R(t) where and
||R(t)||=\mc{O}(t^{-\infty}). We explain, in terms of conformal theory of the
conformal infinity of , the special cases \delta\in n/2-\nn where the
leading asymptotic term vanishes. In a second part, we show for all \eps>0
the existence of an infinite number of resonances (and thus zeros of Selberg
zeta function) in the strip \{-n\delta-\eps<\Re(\la)<\delta\}. As a byproduct
we obtain a lower bound on the remainder for generic initial data .Comment: 18 page
Precision measurements of the total and partial widths of the psi(2S) charmonium meson with a new complementary-scan technique in antiproton-proton annihilations
We present new precision measurements of the psi(2S) total and partial widths
from excitation curves obtained in antiproton-proton annihilations by Fermilab
experiment E835 at the Antiproton Accumulator in the year 2000. A new technique
of complementary scans was developed to study narrow resonances with
stochastically cooled antiproton beams. The technique relies on precise
revolution-frequency and orbit-length measurements, while making the analysis
of the excitation curve almost independent of machine lattice parameters. We
study the psi(2S) meson through the processes pbar p -> e+ e- and pbar p ->
J/psi + X -> e+ e- + X. We measure the width to be Gamma = 290 +- 25(sta) +-
4(sys) keV and the combination of partial widths Gamma_e+e- * Gamma_pbarp /
Gamma = 579 +- 38(sta) +- 36(sys) meV, which represent the most precise
measurements to date.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables. Final manuscript accepted for
publication in Phys. Lett. B. Parts of the text slightly expanded or
rearranged; results are unchange
A New Upper Limit for the Tau-Neutrino Magnetic Moment
Using a prompt neutrino beam in which a nu_tau component was identified for
the first time, the nu_tau magnetic moment was measured based on a search for
an anomalous increase in the number of neutrino-electron interactions. One such
event was observed when 2.3 were expected from background processes, giving an
upper 90% confidence limit of 3.9x10^-7 Bohr magnetons.Comment: 9 pages; 1 figur
Dupilumab reduces systemic corticosteroid use and sinonasal surgery rate in CRSwNP
BACKGROUND: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a type 2 inflammatory disease with a high symptom burden and poor quality of life. Treatment options include recurrent surgeries and/or frequent systemic corticosteroids (SCS). Dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody, blocks the shared receptor component for interleukin-4 and interleukin-13, key drivers of type 2-mediated inflammation. We report results of pooled analyses from 2 randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 studies (SINUS 24 [NCT02912468]; SINUS-52 [NCT02898454]) to evaluate dupilumab effect versus placebo in adults with CRSwNP with/without SCS use and sinonasal surgery.
METHODOLOGY: SINUS-24 patients were randomised 1:1 to subcutaneous dupilumab 300 mg (n=143) or placebo (n=133) every 2 weeks (q2w) for 24 weeks. SINUS-52 patients were randomised 1:1:1 to 52 weeks of subcutaneous dupilumab 300 mg q2w (n=150), 24 weeks q2w followed by 28 weeks of dupilumab 300 mg every 4 weeks (n=145) or 52 weeks of placebo q2w (n=153).
RESULTS: Dupilumab reduced the number of patients undergoing sinonasal surgery (82.6%), the need for in-study SCS use (73.9%), and SCS courses (75.3%). Significant improvements were observed with dupilumab vs placebo regardless of prior sinonasal surgery or SCS use in nasal polyp, nasal congestion, Lund-MacKay, and Sinonasal Outcome Test (22-items) scores, and the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test.
CONCLUSIONS: Dupilumab demonstrated significant improvements in disease signs and symptoms and reduced the need for sino-nasal surgery and SCS use versus placebo in patients with severe CRSwNP, regardless of SCS use in the previous 2 years, or prior sinonasal surgery
The local dark matter phase-space density and impact on WIMP direct detection
We present a new determination of the local dark matter phase-space density.
This result is obtained implementing, in the limit of isotropic velocity
distribution and spherical symmetry, Eddington's inversion formula, which links
univocally the dark matter distribution function to the density profile, and
applying, within a Bayesian framework, a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm to
sample mass models for the Milky Way against a broad and variegated sample of
dynamical constraints. We consider three possible choices for the dark matter
density profile, namely the Einasto, NFW and Burkert profiles, finding that the
velocity dispersion, which characterizes the width in the distribution, tends
to be larger for the Burkert case, while the escape velocity depends very
weakly on the profile, with the mean value we obtain being in very good
agreement with estimates from stellar kinematics. The derived dark matter
phase-space densities differ significantly--most dramatically in the high
velocity tails--from the model usually taken as a reference in dark matter
detection studies, a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution with velocity dispersion
fixed in terms of the local circular velocity and with a sharp truncation at a
given value of the escape velocity. We discuss the impact of astrophysical
uncertainties on dark matter scattering rates and direct detection exclusion
limits, considering a few sample cases and showing that the most sensitive ones
are those for light dark matter particles and for particles scattering
inelastically. As a general trend, when adopting a self-consistent phase-space
density, we find that rates are larger, and hence exclusion limits stronger,
than with the standard Maxwell-Boltzmann approximation. Tools for applying our
result on the local dark matter phase-space density to other dark matter
candidates or experimental setups are provided.Comment: 24 pages, 11 figures. Revised to match version accepted in JCAP.
References update
The status of GEO 600
The GEO 600 laser interferometer with 600m armlength is part of a worldwide network of gravitational wave detectors. GEO 600 is unique in having advanced multiple pendulum suspensions with a monolithic last stage and in employing a signal recycled optical design. This paper describes the recent commissioning of the interferometer and its operation in signal recycled mode
Time-integrated luminosity recorded by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e+e- collider
This article is the Preprint version of the final published artcile which can be accessed at the link below.We describe a measurement of the time-integrated luminosity of the data collected by the BABAR experiment at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e+e- collider at the ϒ(4S), ϒ(3S), and ϒ(2S) resonances and in a continuum region below each resonance. We measure the time-integrated luminosity by counting e+e-→e+e- and (for the ϒ(4S) only) e+e-→μ+μ- candidate events, allowing additional photons in the final state. We use data-corrected simulation to determine the cross-sections and reconstruction efficiencies for these processes, as well as the major backgrounds. Due to the large cross-sections of e+e-→e+e- and e+e-→μ+μ-, the statistical uncertainties of the measurement are substantially smaller than the systematic uncertainties. The dominant systematic uncertainties are due to observed differences between data and simulation, as well as uncertainties on the cross-sections. For data collected on the ϒ(3S) and ϒ(2S) resonances, an additional uncertainty arises due to ϒ→e+e-X background. For data collected off the ϒ resonances, we estimate an additional uncertainty due to time dependent efficiency variations, which can affect the short off-resonance runs. The relative uncertainties on the luminosities of the on-resonance (off-resonance) samples are 0.43% (0.43%) for the ϒ(4S), 0.58% (0.72%) for the ϒ(3S), and 0.68% (0.88%) for the ϒ(2S).This work is supported by the US Department of Energy and National Science Foundation, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (Canada), the Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physiquedes Particules (France), the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Germany), the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (Italy), the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (The Netherlands), the Research Council of Norway, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Spain), and the Science and Technology Facilities Council (United Kingdom). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie IEF program (European Union) and the A.P. Sloan Foundation (USA)
Bridging Digital and Physical Worlds Using Tangible Drag-and-Drop Interfaces
The last ten years have seen an explosion in the diversity of digital-life devices, e.g. music and video players. However, the interaction paradigm to use these devices has remained mostly unchanged. Remote controls are still the most common way to manage a digital-life device. Moreover, the interaction between devices themselves is still very limited and rarely addressed by a remote control interface. We present in this paper a study of tangible drag-and-drop, a remote control interface based on the well-known paradigm coming from the graphical user interface. This interaction technique aims at reducing the gap between the digital and physical worlds, enabling the transfer of digital data from one device to another. To validate such a concept, we present two prototypes, along with user studies and a general discussion about the tangible drag-and-drop technique
Defective removal of ribonucleotides from DNA promotes systemic autoimmunity
Genome integrity is continuously challenged by the DNA damage that arises during normal cell metabolism. Biallelic mutations in the genes encoding the genome surveillance enzyme ribonuclease H2 (RNase H2) cause Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS), a pediatric disorder that shares features with the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here we determined that heterozygous parents of AGS patients exhibit an intermediate autoimmune phenotype and demonstrated a genetic association between rare RNASEH2 sequence variants and SLE. Evaluation of patient cells revealed that SLE- and AGS-associated mutations impair RNase H2 function and result in accumulation of ribonucleotides in genomic DNA. The ensuing chronic low level of DNA damage triggered a DNA damage response characterized by constitutive p53 phosphorylation and senescence. Patient fibroblasts exhibited constitutive upregulation of IFN-stimulated genes and an enhanced type I IFN response to the immunostimulatory nucleic acid polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid and UV light irradiation, linking RNase H2 deficiency to potentiation of innate immune signaling. Moreover, UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer formation was markedly enhanced in ribonucleotide-containing DNA, providing a mechanism for photosensitivity in RNase H2-associated SLE. Collectively, our findings implicate RNase H2 in the pathogenesis of SLE and suggest a role of DNA damage-associated pathways in the initiation of autoimmunity
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