Análisis del comportamiento mecánico de una viga con refuerzo de madera y recubrimiento de poliurea para sistemas aporticados

La presente investigación es de tipo experimental y tiene por objetivo analizar si el refuerzo de madera con recubrimiento de poliurea mejora el comportamiento mecánico de una viga de concreto armado, siendo las variables de estudio: el refuerzo de madera con recubrimiento de poliurea como variable independiente y el comportamiento mecánico de una viga como variable dependiente. Lo que mediremos de la variable dependiente será la resistencia a la flexión de las vigas y su ductilidad, para ello se ensayaron 18 vigas de concreto armado en 6 grupos de 3 vigas cada uno; los grupos se diferenciaron en cuanto el número de capas de recubrimiento de poliurea y si tenían o no refuerzo de madera. Los resultados obtenidos de los ensayos arrojaron que las vigas con refuerzo de madera tenían una mejor capacidad de carga, pero una baja ductilidad si las comparamos con las vigas patrón y al recubrirlas con poliurea mejoraban su comportamiento dúctil, pero este seguía siendo inferior al de las vigas que no tenían refuerzo de madera. Por lo cual se concluyó que las vigas reforzadas con madera tenían un aumento significativo de resistencia a la flexión y al cubrirse con poliurea mejoraba ligeramente su ductilidad frente a otras vigas reforzadas con madera que no estaban recubiertas

8-bit softcore microprocessor with dual accumulator designed to be used in FPGA

Context: This paper is presents the design and implementation of an 8-bit softcore RISC microprocessor able to be run on space-optimized FPGA, in order to be used for embedded applications. Method: The design of this microprocessor was developed in Verilog hardware description language and can be implemented in FPGA from different manufacturers; therefore, the user has only to define the input and output ports according to the type of FPGA. This is an accumulator-type processor, but it has two different accumulators that can be used as pointers for indirect addressing. The processor is Harvard with a RAM of 8x256 bits, and a ROM that can be resized from 17x252 bits to 17x8K bits. Additionally, it has one 8-bit input port, one 8-bit output port, and one 8-bit address port, which means that the processor can address more than 256 8-bit output ports/devices. The same applies for input ports. Results: The developed processor, named “ZA-SUA,” was compared with PICOBLAZE softcore and other three similar processors of free distribution in the Web, and some improvements over those were found. Criteria such as the Flip Flops used, occupied LUTs, Slices in use, and maximum delay of each processor were analyzed, all these results were obtained from the implementation of the processors in the Xilinx FPGAs. Conclusions: The designed architecture is composed by two accumulators, which can be used either as source or destination for the operation of the ALU. This fact gives some flexibility to the design, doing it better than a single-accumulator processor, and getting it closer to the register-based processors

8-bit softcore microprocessor with dual accumulator designed to be used in FPGA

Context: This paper is presents the design and implementation of an 8-bit softcore RISC microprocessor able to be run on space-optimized FPGA, in order to be used for embedded applications.Method: The design of this microprocessor was developed in Verilog hardware description language and can be implemented in FPGA from different manufacturers; therefore, the user has only to define the input and output ports according to the type of FPGA. This is an accumulator-type processor, but it has two different accumulators that can be used as pointers for indirect addressing. The processor is Harvard with a RAM of 8x256 bits, and a ROM that can be resized from 17x252 bits to 17x8K bits. Additionally, it has one 8-bit input port, one 8-bit output port, and one 8-bit address port, which means that the processor can address more than 256 8-bit output ports/devices. The same applies for input ports.Results: The developed processor, named “ZA-SUA,” was compared with PICOBLAZE softcore and other three similar processors of free distribution in the Web, and some improvements over those were found. Criteria such as the Flip Flops used, occupied LUTs, Slices in use, and maximum delay of each processor were analyzed, all these results were obtained from the implementation of the processors in the Xilinx FPGAs.Conclusions: The designed architecture is composed by two accumulators, which can be used either as source or destination for the operation of the ALU. This fact gives some flexibility to the design, doing it better than a single-accumulator processor, and getting it closer to the register-based processors

En los detalles está el diablo : los límites del marco jurídico nacionales e internacionales de la jurisdicción especial para la paz, para condenar a los autores de delitos de violencia sexual

Después del proceso de paz que se llevó a cabo con las FARC-EP, en necesario construir un proceso de justicia transicional que genere confianza dentro de la sociedad colombiana, de manera que las heridas abiertas como consecuencia del conflicto armado puedan cerrarse y sanarse de manera adecuada. Por esta razón, delitos de lesa humanidad como lo es la violencia sexual, deben ser investigados, judicializados y sancionados de acuerdo con parámetros nacionales e internacionales que no pueden desconocerse y que son descritos en este trabajo.After de peace process that was achieved with FARC-EP, it is necessary to build a transitional justice process that should be able to generate confidence among Colombian society. So that the injuries opened because of the armed conflict can be closed and healed in an appropriate way. For this reason, crimes against humanity like sexual violence, must be enquired, prosecuted and punished in accordance with national and international criteria that cannot be disregarded and that are described in this work.Abogado (a)Pregrad

Reseñas

La violencia continúa: asesinatos políticos y reforma institucional en Colombia. / Violencia política en Colombia: mito y realidad. / El rumor del astracán. / América Latina ante el reordenamiento económico internacional. / Le mythe de I'enterprise. Critique de I'idéologie managériale. / L'economiste et le manageur. / ¿Por qué se disipó el dinamismo industrial de Barranquilla? y otros ensayos de historia económica de la Costa Caribe. / Historias económicas del café y de Don Manuel. / La ofensiva empresarial: industriales, políticos y violencia en los años 40 en Colombia. / Memorias secretas del Revolcón: la historia íntima del polémico gobierno de César Gaviria, revelada por uno de sus protagonistas. / La historia del petróleo: la lucha voraz por el dinero y el poder desde 1853 hasta la Guerra del Golfo

Genomics of Serratia marcescens isolates causing outbreaks in the same pediatric unit 47 years apart: Position in an updated phylogeny of the species

The first documented nosocomial outbreak caused by Serratia marcescens in Spain occurred in 1969 at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the tertiary La Paz Children’s Hospital in Madrid, Spain, and based on the available phenotyping techniques at this time, it was considered as a monoclonal outbreak. Only 47 years later, another S. marcescens outbreak of an equivalent dimension occurred at the same NICU. The aim of the present study was to study isolates from these historical and contemporary outbreaks by phenotypic analysis and whole-genome sequencing techniques and to position these strains along with 444 publicly available S. marcescens genomes, separately comparing core genome and accessory genome contents. Clades inferred by both approaches showed high correlation, indicating that core and accessory genomes seem to evolve in the same manner for S. marcescens. Nine S. marcescens clusters were identified, and isolates were grouped in two of them according to sampling year. One exception was isolate 13F-69, the most genetically distant strain, located in a different cluster. Categorical functions in the annotated accessory genes of both collections were preserved among all isolates. No significant differences in frequency of insertion sequences in historical (0.18–0.20)—excluding the outlier strain—versus contemporary isolates (0.11–0.19) were found despite the expected resting effect. The most dissimilar isolate, 13F-69, contains a highly preserved plasmid previously described in Bordetella bronchiseptica. This strain exhibited a few antibiotic resistance genes not resulting in a resistant phenotype, suggesting the value of gene down expression in adaptation to long-term starvation.CS was supported by “Fundación Mutua Madrileña” grant to RC achieved in 2017 call with reference number AP165902017. MP-A was supported by the Programa Operativo de Empleo Juvenil, cofinanced by the European Social Fund Investing in your future (ESF) and ERDF (PEJD-2018-PRE/BMD-8237). BP-V was funded by H2020 FTIPilot 2016 project no. 730713 “FAST-bact “A novel fast and automated test for antibiotic susceptibility testing for Gram positive and negative bacteria” and co-funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF, “A way to achieve Europe”). FB was supported by grants from the Madrid Regional Government (InGEMICS-C; S2017/BMD-3691) and CIBER (CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBERESP; CB06/02/0053), co-funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF, “A way to achieve Europe”). This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, PI17/00115 (RC), and REIPI (RD16/0016/0011) actions, cofinanced by the European Development Regional Fund “A way to achieve Europe” (ERDF

Glucemia de ingreso asociada a mortalidad y estancia hospitalaria en un servicio multidisciplinario de un hospital nacional peruano

Objective: Evaluate the association between glycemia on admission and adverse outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID19 in a Peruvian national hospital.  Methods: Retrospective, observational cohort study. We collected data from electronic medical records of COVID19 patients in a medical specialties service. Patients were classified according to blood glucose levels on admission: ≤ and >140mg/dL. Primary outcome was mortality, and the secondary a composite that included mortality, septic shock, mechanical ventilation, or transfer to ICU. We also evaluated hospital stay and a multivariate logistic regression sub analysis was performed in diabetic patients. Results: 169 patients were evaluated. The mean age was 61 years, 64.5% were male. 71% had at least one comorbidity, the most frequent: arterial hypertension (34%), obesity (30%) and diabetes (26%). 70% presented tomographic gravity. Median blood glucose at admission was 126.5mg/dL (IQR: 109-157mg/dL), one of every 3 had blood glucose levels >140mg/dL. Mortality rate was 9700 deaths per 100000 person-weeks, with a frequency of 21.3%. No significant difference was found between hyperglycemia and normoglycemia, mortality and in composite outcome. Patients with hyperglycemia on admission had longer hospital stay than normoglycemic patients (19 vs 13 days, p<0.01). In sub-analysis with multivariate logistic regression for composite outcome among diabetic patients, admission blood glucose >180mg/dL presented OR of 6.42 (95% CI: 1.07-38.6) for composite outcome, adjusted for age and clinical severity at admission. Conclusions: Hyperglycemia at admission was associated with a longer hospital stay and diabetic patients with hyperglycemia >180mg/dL had a 6-fold increased risk of presenting an adverse outcome.Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre glucemia de ingreso y desenlaces adversos en pacientes hospitalizados con COVID-19 en un hospital nacional peruano. Métodos: Estudio observacional tipo cohorte retrospectiva. Se revisaron historias clínicas electrónicas de pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 en un servicio de especialidades. Los pacientes se clasificaron según niveles de glucemia al ingreso: ≤ y >140mg/dL; el desenlace primario fue mortalidad y el secundario un compuesto que incluyó mortalidad, shock séptico, ventilación mecánica o traslado a UCI. Se evaluó la estancia hospitalaria y se realizó un subanálisis de regresión logística multivariada en pacientes diabéticos. Resultados: Se evaluaron 169 pacientes, media de edad 61 años, 64.5% varones. 71% presentaban alguna comorbilidad, siendo las más frecuentes: hipertensión arterial (34%), obesidad (30%), diabetes (26%). El 70% presentó gravedad tomográfica. La mediana de glucemia de ingreso fue 126.5mg/dL (RIC: 109-157mg/dL), uno de cada 3 presentó glucemia >140mg/dL. La tasa de mortalidad fue 9700 muertes por cada 100 000 personas-semana, con frecuencia de 21.3%. No se encontró diferencia significativa entre hiperglucemia y normoglucemia, tanto en mortalidad como desenlace compuesto. Los pacientes con hiperglucemia de ingreso presentaron mayor estancia hospitalaria que los normoglucémicos (19 días vs 13 días, p<0.01). En subanálisis con regresión logística multivariada para desenlace compuesto en pacientes diabéticos, una glucemia >180mg/dL presentó OR de 6.42 (IC95%: 1.07-38.6), ajustado a edad y a gravedad clínica de ingreso. Conclusiones: La hiperglucemia al ingreso se asoció a mayor estancia hospitalaria, y los pacientes diabéticos con hiperglucemia >180mg/dL presentaron un riesgo 6 veces mayor de presentar desenlace adverso

Rhizobacteria inoculation and its effect on the productive parameters of sorghum

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the Bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas japonica rhizobacteria on the productive parameters of sorghum. Design/Methodology/Approach: The experiment was carried out in Padilla, Tamaulipas, where the effect of inoculating a sorghum crop with the Bacillus megaterium KN13 and Pseudomonas japonica KC14 strains on its productive parameters was evaluated. Both strains were used in two concentrations (106 and 107 CFU). A randomized block design was applied, consisting of five treatments (two strains × two concentrations, plus a control), with six and nine replications. Results: The B. megaterium and P. japonica strains can fix nitrogen and produce siderophores. Inoculating these strains into the sorghum crop increases grain yield, plant height, panicle length, plant stem diameter, and aerial dry weight. Better results are recorded when the strains have a 107 CFU concentration. Study Limitations/Implications: Each type of soil and crop has various microbiomes. Findings/Conclusions: The use of an adequate concentration of rhizobacteria improves sorghum production; therefore, it is a sustainable alternative, both for the nutrition of the crop and the reduction of the use of synthetic fertilizers

Magnesium accumulation upon cyclin M4 silencing activates microsomal triglyceride transfer protein improving NASH

Background & Aims: Perturbations of intracellular magnesium (Mg) homeostasis have implications for cell physiology. The cyclin M family, CNNM, perform key functions in the transport of Mg across cell membranes. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the role of CNNM4 in the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Methods: Serum Mg levels and hepatic CNNM4 expression were characterised in clinical samples. Primary hepatocytes were cultured under methionine and choline deprivation. A 0.1% methionine and choline-deficient diet, or a choline-deficient high-fat diet were used to induce NASH in our in vivo rodent models. Cnnm4 was silenced using siRNA, in vitro with DharmaFECT and in vivo with Invivofectamine® or conjugated to N-acetylgalactosamine. Results: Patients with NASH showed hepatic CNNM4 overexpression and dysregulated Mg levels in the serum. Cnnm4 silencing ameliorated hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation and fibrosis in the rodent NASH models. Mechanistically, CNNM4 knockdown in hepatocytes induced cellular Mg accumulation, reduced endoplasmic reticulum stress, and increased microsomal triglyceride transfer activity, which promoted hepatic lipid clearance by increasing the secretion of VLDLs. Conclusions: CNNM4 is overexpressed in patients with NASH and is responsible for dysregulated Mg transport. Hepatic CNNM4 is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of NASH. Lay summary: Cyclin M4 (CNNM4) is overexpressed in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and promotes the export of magnesium from the liver. The liver-specific silencing of Cnnm4 ameliorates NASH by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and promoting the activity of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Programa Retos-Colaboración RTC2019-007125-1 (for JS and MLM-C); Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Proyectos de Investigación en Salud DTS20/00138 (for JS and MLM-C); Departamento de Industria del Gobierno Vasco (for MLM-C); Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades MICINN: SAF2017-87301-R and RTI2018-096759-A-100 integrado en el Plan Estatal de Investigación Cientifica y Técnica y Innovación, cofinanciado con Fondos FEDER (for MLM-C and TCD, respectively); BIOEF (Basque Foundation for Innovation and Health Research); EITB Maratoia BIO15/CA/014; Asociación Española contra el Cáncer (MLM-C, TCD); Fundación Científica de la Asociación Española Contra el Cancer (AECC Scientific Foundation) Rare Tumor Calls 2017 (for MLM); La Caixa Foundation Program (for MLM); Fundacion BBVA UMBRELLA project (for MLM); BFU2015-70067-REDC, BFU2016-77408-R, and BES-2017- 080435 (MINECO / FEDER, UE) and the FIGHT-CNNM2 project from the EJP RD Joint Transnational Call (JTC2019) (Ref. AC19/ 00073) (for LAM-C); RTI2018-095134-B-100 and Grupos de Investigación del Sistema Universitario Vasco (IT971-16) (for PA); National Institutes of Health under grant CA217817 (for DB); AGL2014-54585-R, AGL-2017-86927-R and EQC2018-004897-P from MINECO; PC0148-2016-0149 and PAI-BIO311 from Junta de Andalucía (for FM). Ciberehd_ISCIII_MINECO is funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. We thank Silence Therapeutics plc. for the financial support provided. We thank MINECO for the Severo Ochoa Excellence Accreditation to CIC bioGUNE (SEV- 2016-0644)