Movilidades humanas en tiempos de pandemia. Sobre fronteras y brechas socio – espaciales

Las migraciones han sido uno de los temas más investigados en el campo de la Geografía Contemporánea como claro exponente de la existencia de una Geografía Global. La complejidad de las movilidades humanas, y de sus interdependencias con respecto a los bienes, imágenes e información, han sido una de las máximas expresiones del espacio de flujos y redes, cuya aceleración llevó a una profunda reinterpretación del nexo entre movilidad social y espacial. La intensidad de los movimientos generados en este contexto se ve afectada actualmente por la pandemia del covid19, cuya velocidad de expansión, por el momento impredecible en sus alcances, ha hecho necesaria la contención de la misma. El objetivo del trabajo es el de analizar la incidencia de la pandemia en las cuestiones de la movilidad humana, haciendo hincapié en el nuevo rol de las fronteras y las brechas socio – espaciales. En esta investigación de carácter exploratoria y con aplicación de metodologías cualitativas, se recurrió al análisis de fuentes bibliográficas, periodísticas y oficiales que permitieron abrir interpretaciones en un campo inestable de análisis, ya que se trata de procesos en marcha, pero que vislumbran profundas transformaciones territoriales. Mientras los Estados levantan estrictas barreras de control para evitar la propagación del virus, los desplazamientos continúan bajo nuevas estrategias que ponen en tensión los espacios de control y a la población misma, agravando el conflicto social.publishedVersionFil: Fittipaldi, Rosa Ángela. Universidad Nacional del Sur; Argentina

La educación como estrategia de inserción en espacios con alto porcentaje de población migrante. Estudio de caso Hilario Ascasubi

In an attempt to understand the variable migration process in the context of globalization, we turn to one of its components as a trigger: the educational system of migrant populations in situations of exclusion, social vulnerability or inclusion. These categories are useful both for the interpretation of the phenomenon and for undertaking strategies leading to the resolution of different unsettling situations. The incorporation of immigrant students is a generalized issue in the education systems of most countries, and it is the responsibility of the institutions to achieve socio-cultural integration and reach intercultural coexistence.This paper aims to analyze the mechanisms of social and cultural integration of the Bolivian people in schools of Hilario Ascasubi, a town in the South West of the Province of Buenos Aires, as part of their strategies for insertion into the host space, trying to understand, from the case study, the role that education plays in the social dynamics of the group.This work used data from interviews and surveys carried out with different actors in school settings: principals, teachers, students and parents. Results were achieved from the application of quantitative and qualitative techniques.The results of this work gave rise to a series of research topics about the role of education with regard to the transmission of values for the construction of more equitable and less vulnerable societies for immigrants.En un intento por comprender el variable proceso migratorio en el marco de la globalización, recurrimos a uno de sus componentes como disparador: el sistema educativo de las poblaciones migrantes ante situaciones de exclusión, vulnerabilidad social o de inclusión. Estas categorías son útiles tanto para la interpretación del fenómeno, como para emprender estrategias que conduzcan a resolver diferentes situaciones conflictivas. La incorporación de alumnos inmigrantes está trascendiendo significativamente en los sistemas educativos de los países, y reside en la responsabilidad de las instituciones lograr la integración socioeducativa y alcanzar una coexistencia intercultural. El presente trabajo apunta a analizar los mecanismos de integración social y cultural de la población boliviana en ámbitos escolares de Hilario Ascasubi, localidad situada en el S.O. de la Provincia de  Buenos Aires, como parte de sus estrategias de inserción al espacio receptor, tratando de entender, a partir del caso de estudio, el rol que cumple la educación en la dinámica social del grupo. Para ello, se ha recurrido a datos extraídos de entrevistas y encuestas realizadas a diferentes    actores del medio escolar: directivos, docentes, alumnos y padres, obteniendo resultados a partir de la aplicación de técnicas cuanti- cualitativas. Esto da apertura a una sucesión de temas de investigación sobre el protagonismo de la educación, en lo que hace a la transmisión de valores para la construcción de sociedades más equitativas y menos vulnerables para los inmigrantes

Tendências globais de mobilidade acadêmica no contexto de migração qualificada. O caso da Universidade Nacional do Sul, Bahia Blanca, Argentina

Academic mobility is a process that has acquired increasing visibility in recent decades, favored by the articulation of global logics, links and networks that operate at various scales. The dissemination of academic offers offered by various programs and agreements, agreed between Higher Education Institutions, has been one of the main factors that explain this type of mobility, framed within skilled migration. The configuration of mobility spaces depends on institutional agreements, scholarships, quality standards, institutional prestige and competitiveness in the scientific domain. The objective of this study is to analyze the current trends in skilled migration in the context of the Internationalization of Higher Education, taking as a case study the Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) for the period 2007-2019. A mixed quali-quantitative methodology was adopted through semi-structured interviews and the processing of official data available at the UNS Internationalization Undersecretary. Although academic mobility in Argentina is a representative phenomenon within Latin American migratory movements, this dynamism is still not very significant in comparison with other regions, such as the European Union, where academic exchanges are more consolidated.La movilidad académica es un proceso que ha adquirido una creciente visibilidad en las últimas décadas favorecido por la articulación de lógicas, vínculos y redes globales que operan a diversas escalas. La difusión de ofertas académicas brindadas por diversos programas y convenios, acordados entre Instituciones de Educación Superior ha sido uno de los principales factores que explican este tipo de movilidad, enmarcada dentro de la migración calificada. La configuración de espacios de movilidad depende de acuerdos institucionales, becas, estándares de calidad, prestigio de las instituciones y competitividad en el dominio científico. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar las tendencias actuales de la migración calificada en el contexto de la Internacionalización de la Educación Superior, tomando como estudio de caso la Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) para el período 2007-2019. Se adoptó una metodología mixta cuali-cuantitativa a través de la realización de entrevistas semi-estructuradas y del procesamiento de datos oficiales disponibles en la Subsecretaría de Internacionalización de la UNS. Si bien la movilidad académica en la Argentina es un fenómeno representativo dentro de los movimientos migratorios latinoamericanos, este dinamismo es aún poco significativo en comparación con otras regiones como, por ejemplo, la Unión Europea en la que los intercambios académicos se encuentran más consolidados.A mobilidade acadêmica é um processo que tem adquirido cada vez mais visibilidade nas últimas décadas, favorecido pela articulação de lógicas globais, links e redes que operam em diversas escalas. A divulgação das ofertas académicas oferecidas pelos diversos programas e convénios, celebrados entre Instituições de Ensino Superior, tem sido um dos principais factores que explicam este tipo de mobilidade, enquadrada na migração qualificada. A configuração dos espaços de mobilidade depende de acordos institucionais, bolsas, padrões de qualidade, prestígio das instituições e competitividade no domínio científico. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar as tendências atuais da migração qualificada no contexto da Internacionalização do Ensino Superior, tomando como estudo de caso a Universidade Nacional do Sul (UNS) para o período 2007-2019. Foi adotada uma metodologia mista quali-quantitativa, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e processamento de dados oficiais disponíveis na Subsecretaria de Internacionalização da UNS. Embora a mobilidade acadêmica na Argentina seja um fenômeno representativo dentro dos movimentos migratórios latino-americanos, esse dinamismo ainda não é muito significativo se comparado a outras regiões, como a União Européia, onde os intercâmbios acadêmicos estão mais consolidados

In-formar en el nuevo contexto de la sociedad del conocimiento y de las tecnologías de la información y las telecomunicaciones : Desafíos de la Universidad desde la perspectiva de las bibliotecas y los bibliotecarios

El creciente volumen de información y el impacto de las tecnologías de comunicación e información que ha revolucionado las modalidades de producción y transferencia de conocimiento hacen que cada vez sea más importante el rol de las bibliotecas y de los bibliotecarios para la gestión de la información, así como para atender las necesidades de la comunidad universitaria en el uso eficiente de las herramientas tecnológicas y en las modalidades de acceso a los recursos informativos. En este trabajo se analizan algunos desafíos actuales de la Universidad desde la perspectiva de las bibliotecas universitarias. Transformar estos desafíos en oportunidades pasa necesariamente por un mejor funcionamiento de las bibliotecas, otorgándoles un lugar central en la Universidad para su vinculación mas estrecha con la sociedadFacultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Decipher non-canonical SPAST splicing mutations with the help of functional assays in patients affected by spastic paraplegia 4 (SPG4)

Flowchart showing the molecular approach used to decipher the non-canonical splicing mutations

Country-level gender inequality is associated with structural differences in the brains of women and men

男女間の不平等と脳の性差 --男女間の不平等は脳構造の性差と関連する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2023-05-10.Gender inequality across the world has been associated with a higher risk to mental health problems and lower academic achievement in women compared to men. We also know that the brain is shaped by nurturing and adverse socio-environmental experiences. Therefore, unequal exposure to harsher conditions for women compared to men in gender-unequal countries might be reflected in differences in their brain structure, and this could be the neural mechanism partly explaining women’s worse outcomes in gender-unequal countries. We examined this through a random-effects meta-analysis on cortical thickness and surface area differences between adult healthy men and women, including a meta-regression in which country-level gender inequality acted as an explanatory variable for the observed differences. A total of 139 samples from 29 different countries, totaling 7, 876 MRI scans, were included. Thickness of the right hemisphere, and particularly the right caudal anterior cingulate, right medial orbitofrontal, and left lateral occipital cortex, presented no differences or even thicker regional cortices in women compared to men in gender-equal countries, reversing to thinner cortices in countries with greater gender inequality. These results point to the potentially hazardous effect of gender inequality on women’s brains and provide initial evidence for neuroscience-informed policies for gender equality

Country-level gender inequality is associated with structural differences in the brains of women and men

Gender inequality across the world has been associated with a higher risk to mental health problems and lower academic achievement in women compared to men. We also know that the brain is shaped by nurturing and adverse socio-environmental experiences. Therefore, unequal exposure to harsher conditions for women compared to men in gender-unequal countries might be reflected in differences in their brain structure, and this could be the neural mechanism partly explaining women's worse outcomes in gender-unequal countries. We examined this through a random-effects meta-analysis on cortical thickness and surface area differences between adult healthy men and women, including a meta-regression in which country-level gender inequality acted as an explanatory variable for the observed differences. A total of 139 samples from 29 different countries, totaling 7,876 MRI scans, were included. Thickness of the right hemisphere, and particularly the right caudal anterior cingulate, right medial orbitofrontal, and left lateral occipital cortex, presented no differences or even thicker regional cortices in women compared to men in gender-equal countries, reversing to thinner cortices in countries with greater gender inequality. These results point to the potentially hazardous effect of gender inequality on women's brains and provide initial evidence for neuroscience-informed policies for gender equality

Clinical Features, Cardiovascular Risk Profile, and Therapeutic Trajectories of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Candidate for Oral Semaglutide Therapy in the Italian Specialist Care

Introduction: This study aimed to address therapeutic inertia in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) by investigating the potential of early treatment with oral semaglutide. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between October 2021 and April 2022 among specialists treating individuals with T2D. A scientific committee designed a data collection form covering demographics, cardiovascular risk, glucose control metrics, ongoing therapies, and physician judgments on treatment appropriateness. Participants completed anonymous patient questionnaires reflecting routine clinical encounters. The preferred therapeutic regimen for each patient was also identified. Results: The analysis was conducted on 4449 patients initiating oral semaglutide. The population had a relatively short disease duration (42%  60% of patients, and more often than sitagliptin or empagliflozin. Conclusion: The study supports the potential of early implementation of oral semaglutide as a strategy to overcome therapeutic inertia and enhance T2D management

Increasing the Astrophysical Reach of the Advanced Virgo Detector via the Application of Squeezed Vacuum States of Light

Current interferometric gravitational-wave detectors are limited by quantum noise over a wide range of their measurement bandwidth. One method to overcome the quantum limit is the injection of squeezed vacuum states of light into the interferometer’s dark port. Here, we report on the successful application of this quantum technology to improve the shot noise limited sensitivity of the Advanced Virgo gravitational-wave detector. A sensitivity enhancement of up to 3.2±0.1  dB beyond the shot noise limit is achieved. This nonclassical improvement corresponds to a 5%–8% increase of the binary neutron star horizon. The squeezing injection was fully automated and over the first 5 months of the third joint LIGO-Virgo observation run O3 squeezing was applied for more than 99% of the science time. During this period several gravitational-wave candidates have been recorded

Advanced Virgo Plus: Future Perspectives

While completing the commissioning phase to prepare the Virgo interferometer for the next joint Observation Run (O4), the Virgo collaboration is also finalizing the design of the next upgrades to the detector to be employed in the following Observation Run (O5). The major upgrade will concern decreasing the thermal noise limit, which will imply using very large test masses and increased laser beam size. But this will not be the only upgrade to be implemented in the break between the O4 and O5 observation runs to increase the Virgo detector strain sensitivity. The paper will cover the challenges linked to this upgrade and implications on the detector's reach and observational potential, reflecting the talk given at 12th Cosmic Ray International Seminar - CRIS 2022 held in September 2022 in Napoli