Hart am Limit : theoretische und konzeptionelle Überlegungen zur Alkoholprävention bei Jugendlichen am Beispiel des Suchthilfezentrums der Stadtmission Nürnberg e. V.

Die nachfolgende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit theoretischen und konzeptionellen Überlegungen zur substanzspezifischen Prävention. Der theoretische Teil der Arbeit befasst sich zunächst mit der Hauptzielgruppe für Präventionsmaßnahmen bzgl. Alkohol: Jugendliche im Alter von 12 bis 18 Jahren. Hierbei wird ein Blick auf deren Lebenswelten und auf diese spezielle Phase im Lebenslauf geworfen. Dies erfolgt aus entwicklungspsychologischer und jugendsoziologischer Perspektive. Nachfolgend wird die Substanz „Alkohol“ näher betrachtet und der Konsum von Jugendlichen genauer beleuchtet. Durch die Erkenntnisse aus den ersten drei Unterpunkten erfolgen grundlegende Überlegungen zur Prävention und ein Blick in die innovative Suchtprävention. Auf Basis der vorangegangen Punkte wird nachfolgend das Bundesprojekt zur Alkoholprävention „Hart am LimiT“ (= HaLT) vorgestellt. Mit diesem Projekt befassen sich auch die konzeptionellen Überlegungen. Hierbei steht die Optimierung des Interventionsangebotes „Risikocheck“ im Mittelpunkt. Die Überlegungen sind geknüpft an das Angebot und die Durchführung des Projekts innerhalb Nürnbergs. Dieses wird getragen von der Suchtprävention des Jugendamtes der Stadt Nürnberg und dem Suchthilfezentrum der Stadtmission Nürnberg e.V. Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit sollen Denkanstöße für strukturelle und formale Änderungen hinsichtlich des Interventionspunktes, der in der Trägerschaft des Suchthilfezentrums liegt, gegeben werden

PROGRAMA BOLSA FAMÍLIA: A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DAS AGENTES DE SAÚDE NA IDENTIFICAÇÃO E INCLUSÃO DE NOVAS FAMÍLIAS NO PROGRAMA

Dentro dos Programas Federais do Brasil, encontra-se o Programa Bolsa-Família. Este trabalho é resultado do processo de Estágio Supervisionado Curricular, em que se desenvolveu a intervenção neste programa, buscando compreender o real papel dos agentes de saúde nos processos de identificação e inclusão das famílias em situação de vulnerabilidade social

PROGRAMA BOLSA FAMÍLIA: A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DAS AGENTES DE SAÚDE NA IDENTIFICAÇÃO E INCLUSÃO DE NOVAS FAMÍLIAS NO PROGRAMA

Dentro dos Programas Federais do Brasil, encontra-se o Programa Bolsa-Família. Este trabalho é resultado do processo de Estágio Supervisionado Curricular, em que se desenvolveu a intervenção neste programa, buscando compreender o real papel dos agentes de saúde nos processos de identificação e inclusão das famílias em situação de vulnerabilidade social

Interorganizational Networks in Physical Activity Promotion: A Systematic Review

Public health challenges such as physical inactivity are multiplex and cannot be effectively addressed by single organizations or sectors. For this reason, public health policies have to involve various sectors and foster partnerships among organizations. Social network analysis (SNA) provides a methodological toolkit that enables the investigation of relationships between organizations to reveal information about the structure and cooperation within networks. This systematic review provides an overview of studies utilizing SNA to analyze the structure of networks that promote physical activity, including the structural set-up, types, and conditions of cooperation, the existence or absence of key actors, the characteristics of organizations working together, and potential barriers limiting collaboration. In total, eight eligible studies were identified. To evaluate the quality of these studies, a quality assessment tool for SNA was created. Relevant aspects from each study were systematically outlined using a data extraction template developed for network studies. The studies reported low to moderate density scores with many ties not being realized. Organizations tend to work side by side than as real partners, whereas organizations of the same type are more strongly connected. Most of the studies identified governmental health organizations as key players in their networks. Network maturity influences network outcomes. Shared goals and geographic proximity are potential facilitators for network development. For future research, more sophisticated methods and longitudinal studies are required to describe how networks, with the aim of promoting physical activity, develop and change to identify predicting factors for an effective network structur

Дослідження впливу фосфатів на біопродуктивність Chlorella vulgaris

Підвищений вміст фосфору у водоймах є основною причиною їхньої евтрофікації. Евтрофікація – процес зростання водної рослинності, який відбувається внаслідок перевищення балансу поживних речовин. Він супроводжується надмірним розвитком водоростей, особливо зелених, синьо-зелених і діатомових, переважанням небажаних видів планктону, порушенням життєдіяльності риб. Продукти метаболізму водоростей дають воді неприємний запах, можуть викликати шкірні алергічні реакції і шлунково-кишкові захворювання у людей і тварин. Після відмирання водорості виділяють у воду поліпептиди, аміак і проміжні продукти білкового розпаду. Це може призводити до підвищення вмісту фенолів, які мають канцерогенні властивості

Avaliação da qualidade do leite de propriedades da região do Vale do Taquari no estado do Rio Grande do Sul

A melhoria da qualidade do leite é um grande desafio para o setor leiteiro, tendo em vista que uma matéria prima de boa qualidade resulta num maior rendimento e qualidade dos derivados lácteos produzidos, trazendo benefícios para a indústria e para o consumidor. A análise da composição (teor de gordura e proteína bruta), a contagem de células somáticas (CCS) e a contagem bacteriana total (CBT) são instrumentos importantes na avaliação da qualidade do leite. O Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento implantou a Instrução Normativa 51/2002, que estabeleceu parâmetros para os componentes do leite. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a situação da qualidade do leite na região do Vale do Taquari, sua variação ao longo do ano e sua adequação aos parâmetros da IN51. O estudo foi realizado no período de agosto de 2006 a agosto de 2007 (13 meses). Foram coletadas amostras de leite de 11 propriedades selecionadas, totalizando 143 amostras. Foram realizadas as análises de: CCS, CBT e composição do leite (teores de gordura e proteína bruta). Os valores médios das análises realizadas foram: gordura - 3,34%, proteína bruta - 3,09%, CCS - 6,0x10 5 células/mL e CBT - 1,07x106 UFC/mL. Com relação aos padrões da IN51, encontravam-se fora dos padrões estabelecidos para gordura, proteína bruta, CCS e CBT, respectivamente 9,79; 7,69; 14,69% e 29,37% das amostras. A composição química e a CCS do leite analisado, na região do Vale do Taquari, demonstraram a boa qualidade da matéria prima. A contagem bacteriana total foi o fator limitante para a adequação do leite à IN51

A comparison of numerical approaches for statistical inference with stochastic models

Due to our limited knowledge about complex environmental systems, our predictions of their behavior under different scenarios or decision alternatives are subject to considerable uncertainty. As this uncertainty can often be relevant for societal decisions, the consideration, quantification and communication of it is very important. Due to internal stochasticity, often poorly known influence factors, and only partly known mechanisms, in many cases, a stochastic model is needed to get an adequate description of uncertainty. As this implies the need to infer constant parameters, as well as the time-course of stochastic model states, a very high-dimensional inference problem for model calibration has to be solved. This is very challenging from a methodological and a numerical perspective. To illustrate aspects of this problem and show options to successfully tackle it, we compare three numerical approaches: Hamiltonian Monte Carlo, Particle Markov Chain Monte Carlo, and Conditional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Sampling. As a case study, we select the analysis of hydrological data with a stochastic hydrological model. We conclude that the performance of the investigated techniques is comparable for the analyzed system, and that also generality and practical considerations may be taken into account to guide the choice of which technique is more appropriate for a particular application

Zielgruppenspezifische Beratung für Gesundheitsberufe und Arbeitgebende von Gesundheitsbetrieben

Beratung im Kontext Lebenslangen Lernens gewinnt aufgrund individualisierter Berufs- und Bildungsbiografien an Bedeutung. Im Strategiepapier zur Gestaltung des Lernens im Lebenslauf wurde den deutschen Hochschulen u.a. die Weiterentwicklung der Bildungsberatungsangebote für kleineund mittlere Unternehmen empfohlen (BMBF, 2008). Den hohen Stellenwert begleitender Beratungsangebote bestätigten auch Ergebnisse der Projektfortschrittsanalyse 2018 der 2. Wettbewerbsrunde des Bund-Länder-Wettbewerbs „Aufstieg durch Bildung: offene Hochschulen“, dernicht-traditionell Studierende bzw. Berufstätige, Angehörige mit Familienpflichten und Berufsrückkehrende im Rahmen wissenschaftlicher Weiterbildung adressiert (Nickel, Schulz & Thiele, 2019). An dieser Stelle setzt das Teilvorhaben der Universität Osnabrück (Förderkennzeichen: 16OH21027) des vom BMBF geförderten Verbundprojekts „Kompetenzentwicklung von Gesundheitsfachpersonal im Kontext des Lebenslangen Lernens (KeGL)“ an. Die Ergebnisse derMulti-Methoden-Studie ermittelten einen geringen Bekanntheitsgrad von hochschulischen Zertifikatsangeboten, die auf die Gestaltung zielgruppenspezifischer Informations- undBeratungswege hinwiesen. Darüber hinaus wurden Beratungsangebote, z.B. zur Vereinbarkeit der Angebote mit Familie und Beruf, eingefordert. Die Mehrzahl der Arbeitgebenden betrachtete die Zertifikatsangebote ausschließlich als Angebote für akademische Gesundheitsberufe und ordnetedie bereits etablierten fachpraktischen Weiterbildungsangebote den beruflich qualifizierten Gesundheitsberufen zu. Aus den Ergebnissen wurden zielgruppenspezifische Assessmentinstrumenteund Beratungsangebote für Gesundheitsberufe sowie für Arbeitgebende von Gesundheitsbetrieben abgeleitet, mit dem Ziel, den Bekanntheitsgrad, die Akzeptanz und erfolgreiche Teilnahme zu fördern

The RNA-binding protein ELAV regulates Hox RNA processing, expression and function within the Drosophila nervous system

The regulated head-to-tail expression of Hox genes provides a coordinate system for the activation of specific programmes of cell differentiation according to axial level. Recent work indicates that Hox expression can be regulated via RNA processing but the underlying mechanisms and biological significance of this form of regulation remain poorly understood. Here we explore these issues within the developing Drosophila central nervous system (CNS). We show that the pan-neural RNA-binding protein (RBP) ELAV (Hu antigen) regulates the RNA processing patterns of the Hox gene Ultrabithorax (Ubx) within the embryonic CNS. Using a combination of biochemical, genetic and imaging approaches we demonstrate that ELAV binds to discrete elements within Ubx RNAs and that its genetic removal reduces Ubx protein expression in the CNS leading to the respecification of cellular subroutines under Ubx control, thus defining for the first time a specific cellular role of ELAV within the developing CNS. Artificial provision of ELAV in glial cells (a cell type that lacks ELAV) promotes Ubx expression, suggesting that ELAVdependent regulation might contribute to cell type-specific Hox expression patterns within the CNS. Finally, we note that expression of abdominal A and Abdominal B is reduced in elav mutant embryos, whereas other Hox genes (Antennapedia) are not affected. Based on these results and the evolutionary conservation of ELAV and Hox genes we propose that the modulation of Hox RNA processing by ELAV serves to adapt the morphogenesis of the CNS to axial level by regulating Hox expression and consequently activating local programmes of neural differentiation

AGREGAÇÃO DE UM CAMBISSOLO HÚMICO EM POVOAMENTOS DE Pinus taeda L. COM DIFERENTES ROTAÇÕES

The study aims to verify whether the introduction of the specie Pinus taeda L. in soil under natural field alters the aggregation of Haplumbrept, at differents rotations. The study was conducted in the region of Campos de Cima da Serra, in the municipality of Cambará do Sul – RS state, Brazil. In order to achieve the goal above described, were selected two study areas, one in the first rotation (RT1) and another in the second rotation (RT2), with 13 years of old. For each stand, a combined area of natural field adjacent (control) was assessed. In each area, five trenches were opened and soil samples collected at depths from 0.0 to 0.05, 0.05 to 0.20 and 0.20 to 0.40 m to determine the percentage stable aggregates in each class (AGRI) and geometric mean diameter water stable aggregates (DMG). There was no change in the aggregate stability in the surface layer (0.0 to 0.05 m). However, the subsurface layers (0.05 to 0.20 and 0.20 to 0.40 m), just RT1 maintained stability of larger aggregates. Due to management adopted in RT2, such as burn and clear cut, there was a reduction in stability and increase in macro-aggregates smaller aggregates, whereas in the natural field stability in depth was maintained.O estudo tem como objetivo verificar se a introdução da espécie Pinus taeda L. em solo sob campo natural altera a agregação de um Cambissolo Húmico, em diferentes rotações. O estudo foi conduzido na região dos Campos de Cima da Serra, no município de Cambará do Sul - RS, Brasil. A fim de alcançar o objetivo acima descrito, foram selecionadas duas áreas de estudo, uma em primeira (RT1) e a outra em segunda rotação (RT2), com 13 anos de idade. Para cada povoamento, foi avaliada conjuntamente uma área de campo natural adjacente (testemunha). Em cada área, foram abertas cinco trincheiras e coletadas amostras de solo nas camadas 0,0-0,05, 0,05-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m para a determinação da porcentagem de agregados estáveis em cada classe (AGRi) e do diâmetro médio geométrico de agregados estáveis em água (DMG). Não houve alteração da estabilidade de agregados na camada superficial (0,0-0,05 m). No entanto, nas camadas mais subsuperficiais (0,05-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m), apenas a RT1 manteve a estabilidade de agregados maiores. Devido ao manejo adotado na RT2, como a queima e o corte raso, verificou-se a redução da estabilidade dos macroagregados e aumento dos agregados menores, ao passo que no campo natural a estabilidade em profundidade foi mantida