Modeling Occupant Window Behavior in Hospitals—A Case Study in a Maternity Hospital in Beijing, China

Nowadays, relevant data collected from hospital buildings remain insufficient because hospital buildings often have stricter environmental requirements resulting in more limited data access than other building types. Additionally, existing window-opening behavior models were mostly developed and validated using data measured from the experimental building itself. Hence, their accuracy is only assessed by the algorithm’s evaluation index, which limits the model’s applicability, given that it is not tested by the actual cases nor cross-verified with other buildings. Based on the aforementioned issues, this study analyzes the window-opening behavior of doctors and patients in spring in a maternity hospital in Beijing and develops behavioral models using logistic regression. The results show that the room often has opened windows in spring when the outdoor temperature exceeds 20 °C. Moreover, the ward windows’ use frequency is more than 10 times higher than those of doctors’ office. The window-opening behavior in wards is more susceptible to the influence of outdoor temperature, while in the doctors’ office, more attention is paid to indoor air quality. Finally, by embedding the logistic regression model of each room into the EnergyPlus software to simulate the CO2 concentration of the room, it was found that the model has better applicability than the fixed schedule model. However, by performing cross-validation with different building types, it was found that, due to the particularity of doctors’ offices, the models developed for other building types cannot accurately reproduce the window-opening behavior of doctors. Therefore, more data are still needed to better understand window usage in hospital buildings and support the future building performance simulations of hospital buildings

Cell transcriptomic atlas of the non-human primate Macaca fascicularis.

Studying tissue composition and function in non-human primates (NHPs) is crucial to understand the nature of our own species. Here we present a large-scale cell transcriptomic atlas that encompasses over 1 million cells from 45 tissues of the adult NHP Macaca fascicularis. This dataset provides a vast annotated resource to study a species phylogenetically close to humans. To demonstrate the utility of the atlas, we have reconstructed the cell-cell interaction networks that drive Wnt signalling across the body, mapped the distribution of receptors and co-receptors for viruses causing human infectious diseases, and intersected our data with human genetic disease orthologues to establish potential clinical associations. Our M. fascicularis cell atlas constitutes an essential reference for future studies in humans and NHPs.We thank W. Liu and L. Xu from the Huazhen Laboratory Animal Breeding Centre for helping in the collection of monkey tissues, D. Zhu and H. Li from the Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory) for technical help, G. Guo and H. Sun from Zhejiang University for providing HCL and MCA gene expression data matrices, G. Dong and C. Liu from BGI Research, and X. Zhang, P. Li and C. Qi from the Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health for experimental advice or providing reagents. This work was supported by the Shenzhen Basic Research Project for Excellent Young Scholars (RCYX20200714114644191), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Single-Cell Omics (ZDSYS20190902093613831), Shenzhen Bay Laboratory (SZBL2019062801012) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write (2017B030301011). In addition, L.L. was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31900466), Y. Hou was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2018A030313379) and M.A.E. was supported by a Changbai Mountain Scholar award (419020201252), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA16030502), a Chinese Academy of Sciences–Japan Society for the Promotion of Science joint research project (GJHZ2093), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (92068106, U20A2015) and the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2021B1515120075). M.L. was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFC2600200).S

The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex

The cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities, yet little is known about the specific genetic loci that influence human cortical structure. To identify genetic variants that affect cortical structure, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 51,665 individuals. We analyzed the surface area and average thickness of the whole cortex and 34 regions with known functional specializations. We identified 199 significant loci and found significant enrichment for loci influencing total surface area within regulatory elements that are active during prenatal cortical development, supporting the radial unit hypothesis. Loci that affect regional surface area cluster near genes in Wnt signaling pathways, which influence progenitor expansion and areal identity. Variation in cortical structure is genetically correlated with cognitive function, Parkinson's disease, insomnia, depression, neuroticism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Energy transfer dynamics in B-phycoerythrin from the red alga Porphyridium purpureum

The B-phycoerythrin hexamer (αβ)6γ of Porphyridium purpureum was isolated and purified. The absorption, circular dichroism, fluorescence and ultrafast time-resolved spectra were obtained. The results showed a double absorption peak at 545 nm and 565 nm and a shoulder peak at 498 nm, and fluorescence emission maxima at 580 nm and 620 nm were observed. The circular dichroism spectra in the near-ultraviolet region were obtained and resolved for the first time, which showed that the two peaks at 260 nm and 305 nm were considered to be correlated to phenylalanine (Phe) and tryptophan (Trp) in a conservative hydrophobic microenvironment, respectively. The circular dichroism spectra in the visible region showed that PEB139α/PEB158β and PEB82α/PEB82β existed as two exciton-coupled bilin pairs. Energy transfer within the exciton-coupled pairs was by exciton splitting, while between the exciton-coupled pairs was by Förster resonance. From the studies of the energy transfer dynamics by ultrafast time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, it was confirmed that the energy transfer of the B-PE hexamer had three time components of 8 ps, 60 ps, and 1200 ps. In addition, the internal energy transfer pathways of B-phycoerythrin hexamer were identified by deconvoluting the fluorescence decay curve at different detection wavelengths.</p

Construction of T-matrices of order 6m+1

In this paper, we prove the necessary and sufficient condition for an integer n = a^2+3b^2. Consequently, every prime power 6m+1 has a representation of the form a^2+3b^2. Then we show how to construct T-matrices of order 6m+1 by using 4 sequences of lengths r, r, 2m-r, 2m-r with r=m-2 or r=m in which the first is a subset of the integeres {0, 1, ..., 2m-1} with size r, the second and third sequences are of (1, -1), and every component of the last sequence belongs to the set {0, 1, 2}. For m \u3c=13 and m not equals to 9, we give concrete constructions

Effect of alloying degree in PtSn catalyst on the catalytic behavior for ethanol electro-oxidation

Carbon-supported binary PtSn catalysts with varied alloying degree were synthesized in different Processes and denoted as PtSn/C-B, PtSn/C-EG and PtSnO(2)/C, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterizations showed that PtSn/C-B catalyst displayed the highest alloying degree, while PtSnO(2)/C Catalyst had the lowest one among these samples. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results revealed that the non-alloyed Sn existed in an oxidized state on the surfaces of these catalysts. By evaluating the electrocatalytic activity and analyzing the final products of ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) on these catalysts, it was found that PtSnO(2)/C catalyst enhanced the products yield of acetic acid products and PtSn/C-B catalyst promoted the entire activity for EOR. It was proposed that non-alloyed SnO(2) species enhanced the bi-functional mechanism, whereas PtSn alloy phase strengthened the electronic effect of PtSn/C catalyst. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved