System Level Performance Evaluation of Client Cooperation in Wireless Cellular Networks

Growing demand for bandwidth dictates the use of smaller wireless cells, which results in increased inter-cell interference. In most contemporary cellular systems, the clients at the cell edge typically have the worst chance of successful uplink transmission due to interference from the neighboring cells using the same frequency. Cooperative communications are believed to be a promising technique to enhance the performance of cell-edge users by allowing them to exploit other users as relay nodes and thus improve their throughput by reducing the number of retransmissions. This thesis presents in-depth system-level evaluation of client relay technique in state-of-the-art wireless cellular networks (IEEE 802.16, LTE release 10). Several important scenarios are considered, including opportunistic client relay behavior and various network layouts. It is demonstrated that client cooperation may considerably improve system performance in terms of cell-edge user performance for the cost of some increase in energy consumption of cell-center user. /Kir1

Understanding the IoT connectivity landscape:A contemporary M2M radio technology roadmap

This article addresses the market-changing phenomenon of the Internet of Things (IoT), which relies on the underlying paradigm of machine-to-machine (M2M) communications to integrate a plethora of various sensors, actuators, and smart meters across a wide spectrum of businesses. Today the M2M landscape features an extreme diversity of available connectivity solutions which, due to the enormous economic promise of the IoT, need to be harmonized across multiple industries. To this end, we comprehensively review the most prominent existing and novel M2M radio technologies, as well as share our first-hand real-world deployment experiences, with the goal to provide a unified insight into enabling M2M architectures, unique technology features, expected performance, and related standardization developments. We pay particular attention to the cellular M2M sector employing 3GPP LTE technology. This work is a systematic recollection of our many recent research, industrial, entrepreneurial, and standardization efforts within the contemporary M2M ecosystem.</p

Testbed SDR Implementation Approach for Millimetre Wave IoT Applications

Millimetre wave (mmWave) communication is a promising technology which can fulfil the growing demands for spectrum for future wireless networks. One of the key areas for the development of the mmWave networks is the Internet of Things (IoT) communications within fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G networks. For significant analysis and development of the compliant IoT systems through testbed implementation, current mmWave spectrum transceivers are too expensive when substantial number of the nodes is required by the IoT applications. Considering all the above, it is suggested to use Software Defined Radio (SDR) transceivers with a lower frequency band and with an increased distance between the nodes. The idea is to scale observation time and distance to emulate mmWave radio without actual mmWave hardware. Using scaling factors for the certain system parameters to keep the signal characteristics in accordance with the mmWave band makes it possible. This approach allows to develop mmWave IoT testbeds with significant improvement in the system scalability and cost-effectiveness without the need to transmit and receive the signal in the mmWave band. In this paper, the concept of SDR-based Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) system combined with the observation time and distance scaling approach is proposed. As an example, a testbed with a simple Wireless Physical Network Coding scheme is implemented and demonstrated.Peer reviewe

Distributed Communication and Sensing System Co-Design for Improved UAV Network Resilience

The progress in wireless technology over the past decade led to the rapid adoption of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for various applications. As the interest in UAVs is accelerating, increased attention is paid to the reliability and resilience of UAV-based systems with respect to the collision avoidance. One of the ways to improve this aspect is to utilize the RADAR functionality. In this work, we consider a cellular network employed for communication jointly with RADAR operation. The critical parameter that affects the RADAR algorithm is the radar cross-section (RCS). Since the task of obtaining the RCS of a complex-shaped object is extremely challenging, we first propose a novel, accurate, and fast method of scattered field assessment. We further perform radio network planning for the cellular deployment, as well as link budget estimations for the RADAR system that co-exists with it. Under this system model, we carry out detailed Monte-Carlo simulations of the RADAR detection process to obtain reliable statistical results and answer the question of how the actual bistatic RCS model affects the detection algorithm. We then apply mathematical modeling based on stochastic geometry to estimate the collision probability without the need to simulate an extensive number of flight-hours. Our numerical results confirm the robustness to RCS pattern nulls, which is crucial for safety-centric applications such as collision avoidance.acceptedVersionPeer reviewe

aColor: Mechatronics, Machine Learning, and Communications in an Unmanned Surface Vehicle

The aim of this work is to offer an overview of the research questions, solutions, and challenges faced by the project aColor ("Autonomous and Collaborative Offshore Robotics"). This initiative incorporates three different research areas, namely, mechatronics, machine learning, and communications. It is implemented in an autonomous offshore multicomponent robotic system having an Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) as its main subsystem. Our results across the three areas of work are systematically outlined in this paper by demonstrating the advantages and capabilities of the proposed system for different Guidance, Navigation, and Control missions, as well as for the high-speed and long-range bidirectional connectivity purposes across all autonomous subsystems. Challenges for the future are also identified by this study, thus offering an outline for the next steps of the aColor project.Comment: Paper was originally submitted to and presented in the 8th Transport Research Arena TRA 2020, April 27-30, 2020, Helsinki, Finlan

Wearables in medicine

Wearables as medical technologies are becoming an integral part of personal analytics, measuring physical status, recording physiological parameters, or informing schedule for medication. These continuously evolving technology platforms do not only promise to help people pursue a healthier life style, but also provide continuous medical data for actively tracking metabolic status, diagnosis, and treatment. Advances in the miniaturization of flexible electronics, electrochemical biosensors, microfluidics, and artificial intelligence algorithms have led to wearable devices that can generate real-time medical data within the Internet of things. These flexible devices can be configured to make conformal contact with epidermal, ocular, intracochlear, and dental interfaces to collect biochemical or electrophysiological signals. This article discusses consumer trends in wearable electronics, commercial and emerging devices, and fabrication methods. It also reviews real-time monitoring of vital signs using biosensors, stimuli-responsive materials for drug delivery, and closed-loop theranostic systems. It covers future challenges in augmented, virtual, and mixed reality, communication modes, energy management, displays, conformity, and data safety. The development of patient-oriented wearable technologies and their incorporation in randomized clinical trials will facilitate the design of safe and effective approaches