Comparison of selected philosophical and psychological variables in training pastoral and secular counselors

The study comparatively analyzed salient components of the counselor education process of training programs which are accredited by the American Association of Pastoral Counselors (AAPC) and the Council for the Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP). The data of this study were obtained by a Likert type survey questionnaire mailed to all AAPC and CACREP accredited counselor training program chairpersons during Plarch and April 1986. The results are based on a return rate of 19 (76%) of the 25 AAPC and 24 (80%) of the 30 CACREP programs surveyed. A conservative level of p < .01 was chosen to determine if significant differences between programs exist. The results revealed that AAPC accredited programs emphasize the psychoanalytic counseling orientation more than CACREP programs (p < .001). Programs accredited by CACREP emphasize the use of videotape and direct observation more than AAPC programs (p < .01). There is a much higher percentage of counseling students in personal therapy as clients in AAPC programs than in CACREP programs (p < .001). AAPC counseling students also receive more encouragement by faculty to be in personal therapy as clients than do CACREP students (p < .01). With respect to counselor education course content area emphases, AAPC programs emphasize "spiritual issues" (p < .001) and "the psychology of religious experience" (p < .001) more than CACREP programs. CACREP programs emphasize "occupational and vocational guidance" (p < .001), "group work" (p < .01), and "the helping relationship" (p < .01) more than AAPC programs. Only these five course content areas, from a total of 21, were found to be distinctly emphasized by either CACREP or AAPC at the .01 level of significance. The Demographic data revealed that the mean average number of students in AAPC programs ([mean] = 16.8) is much smaller than that of CACREP programs ([mean] 189.2). For AAPC programs there is a mean average of 9.2 male students and 7.3 female students. For CACREP programs there is a mean average of 73.6 male students and 115.6 female students. The percentage of minority students within AAPC programs ([mean] = 10%) is comparable to that of CACREP programs ([mean] = 13.5%). The study presented conclusions and recommendations for curricula review by the two program groups. Recommendations were made for further research. Future comparative research might focus on the doctoral level training programs of CACREP and AAPC. Finally, it was suggested that by increasing communication between the educators of AAPC and CACREP programs, both groups of counselor educators would benefit

Comments on Noncommutative ADHM Construction

We extend the method of matrix partition to obtain explicitly the gauge field for noncommutative ADHM construction in some general cases. As an application of this method we apply it to the U(2) 2-instanton and get explicit result for the gauge fields in the coincident instanton limit. We also easily apply it to the noncommutative 't Hooft instantons in the appendix.Comment: 17 pages, LaTeX; an appendix added, typos corrected, refs adde

Investigation of the deposition and emission of mercury in arctic snow during an atmospheric mercury depletion event

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/94701/1/jgrd14741.pd

The specific surface area and chemical composition of diamond dust near Barrow, Alaska

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/95687/1/jgrd17349.pd

Fishing in a congested sea: What do marine protected areas imply for the future of the Maltese artisanal fleet?

Inshore artisanal fishing in Malta is under intense spatial competition as the coastal zone is fragmented by multiple uses and designations including maritime transport, infrastructure, industrial fisheries, aquaculture, tourism and recreation. This research, adopting a grounded visualization methodology, explains how the artisanal fishing sector has undergone and been affected by ‘spatial squeezing’. Our results show that artisanal fishermen have been forced to give up fishing grounds or co-exist with other uses to the point where the ability to fish is becoming increasingly challenging. These difficulties might escalate with the advent of the marine protected areas (MPAs) which encompass nearly half of the inshore fishing zones. Since there does not seem to be effective MPA consultation mechanisms that elicit the real social, cultural and economic value of artisanal fishing grounds, fishermen feel threatened, alienated and disempowered. This study urges for a more holistic approach to spatial marine planning and accentuates the need of realizing the dependency of the artisanal sector on the inshore zones in the implementation of conservation measures, such that the prolonged existence of the coastal fishing communities is not jeopardized

The critical institutional analysis and development (CIAD) framework

In recent years, ‘critical institutionalism’ has emerged as a school of thought in its own right. Among its strengths is a focus on institutions as both complex and embedded, where institutional change is understood as a process of bricolage. Yet a number of distinct challenges follow from this. These include capturing the ‘complex-embeddedness’ of institutions; making critical institutionalism amendable to the world of policy; investigating the more hidden, informal, and everyday dimensions of institutional life; and providing explanations of commons governance that foreground the workings of power and meaning. In this paper, I provide an outline of the Critical Institutional Analysis and Development (CIAD) Framework, designed to explicitly reflect the basic tenets and core claims of critical institutionalism. Whilst it shares similarities with its predecessors – the IAD Framework (Ostrom 1990, 2005) and ‘politicised’ IAD Framework (Clement 2010) – the modifications it has undergone results in a qualitatively different framework geared toward critical institutional research. The paper considers ways in which the CIAD Framework facilitates systematic and critical analyses of commons governance whilst addressing key challenges a critical institutional approach engenders

Guidelines for management of ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack 2008

This article represents the update of the European Stroke Initiative Recommendations for Stroke Management. These guidelines cover both ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attacks, which are now considered to be a single entity. The article covers referral and emergency management, Stroke Unit service, diagnostics, primary and secondary prevention, general stroke treatment, specific treatment including acute management, management of complications, and rehabilitation