27 research outputs found
Transfert de support de données de déplacements : quelles données de contrÎle, et jusqu'à quelles échelles ?
JournĂ©es de mĂ©thodologie statistiques, PARIS, FRANCE, 31-/03/2015 - 02/04/2015Nous prĂ©sentons dans ce papier plusieurs mĂ©thodes de transfert de support de donnĂ©es de dĂ©placement. Le support spatial est l'objet thĂ©orique sur lequel est localisĂ©e gĂ©ographiquement une donnĂ©e spatialisĂ©e. Les analyses pouvant ĂȘtre effectuĂ©es dĂ©pendent de sa finesse. Pour se dispenser de faire de nouvelles enquĂȘtes lorsque le maillage est inadaptĂ© ou insuffisant nous transfĂ©rons des donnĂ©es de dĂ©placement sous la forme de matrice origine/destination d'un support vers un autre, l'objectif Ă©tant de prĂ©server la qualitĂ© de l'information. Pour ce faire nous utilisons des donnĂ©es auxiliaires permettant de plus ou moins bien contrĂŽler la rĂ©partition socio-spatiale des origines/destinations. Nous traitons ici du fichier dĂ©tail des mobilitĂ©s professionnelles du recensement qui apporte une connaissance sur les dĂ©placements domicile-travail entre communes. Nous proposons plusieurs mĂ©thodes pour transfĂ©rer ces donnĂ©es sur le carroyage de population de 1 km
: Recueil de fiches peÌdagogiques du reÌseau MAPS
DoctoralLe reÌseau theÌmatique MAPS «ModeÌlisation multi-Agent appliqueÌe aux PheÌnomeÌnes SpatialiseÌs » propose depuis 2009 des eÌveÌnements scientifiques ayant pour but de diffuser les pratiques de modeÌlisations multi-agents au sein des Sciences de lâHomme et de la SocieÌteÌ (SHS). Ce collectif pluridisciplinaire de chercheurs, dâenseignants-chercheurs et de doctorants est labelliseÌ en tant que âȘ reÌseau theÌmatique » par le ReÌseau National des SysteÌmes Complexes (GIS RNSC) et beÌneÌficie du soutien du CNRS au titre de la Formation Permanente. Depuis 2009, plusieurs modĂšles ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©veloppĂ©s au cours d'Ă©vĂ©nements MAPS. Ces modĂšles ont fait l'objet de fiches pĂ©dagogiques dĂ©taillĂ©es destineÌes aux communauteÌs eÌducatives et universitaires et en particulier aux enseignants qui souhaiteraient faire deÌcouvrir la modeÌlisation aÌ leurs eÌtudiants, mais aussi aÌ ceux qui envisagent dâapprofondir certains aspects avec un public plus averti. Elles sont eÌgalement destineÌes aÌ tous les curieux qui souhaiteraient deÌcouvrir ce que la modeÌlisation apporte aux SHS, du point de vue heuristique et du point de vue opeÌrationnel. Enfin, elles sont aussi des supports pour toutes les personnes qui souhaiteraient diffuser les reÌflexions scientifiques sur la modeÌlisation et la simulation qui ont preÌsideÌ aÌ la reÌdaction de ces fiches
Sensitivity Analysis of a Transit Bottleneck Model
EWGT'18, 21st EURO Working Group on Transportation Meeting, Braunschweig, ALLEMAGNE, 17-/09/2018 - 19/09/2018In urban mass transit, station platforms constitute waiting area for incoming users users willing to board service vehicles. In the transit bottleneck model of Leurent et al. (2014, 2015), the passenger stocks and average wait times according to station of destination are obtained as the solution of a fixed point problem (FPP) with respect to passenger stocks: multiple service routes are allowed, each of which with residual in-vehicle capacity that can be or not saturated by the flow of users incoming at the station of interest. The paper provides a full sensitivity analysis of all model outcomes to all model inputs, namely entry flows according to destination stations, residual in-vehicle capacities and route frequencies. The method consists in partial differentiation by formal calculus, since the FPP amounts to an implicit function that is differentiable almost everywhere. As instance of application, the case of a busy commuter rail line in Paris is studied, with emphasis on the marginal congestion costs of incoming as well as on-board users onto the users waiting for boarding
Minimising the travel time on congested urban rail lines with a dynamic bi-modelling of trains and users
International audienc
Spatial disaggregation of origin / destination data: a statistical approach
International audienc
Minimising the travel time on congested urban rail lines with a dynamic bi-modelling of trains and users
International audienc
Spatial disaggregation of origin / destination data: a statistical approach
International audienc
Travel demand management: the solution to public transit congestion? An ex-ante evaluation of staggered work hours schemes for the Paris region
This paper investigates the congestion relief potential of staggered work hours (SWH) schemes for public transit lines. An ex-ante evaluation framework is developed, building on the combination of a hybrid public transit assignment model with a travel demand management module to simulate the impact of SWH schemes on travel demand and public transit congestion. The key performance indicators capture not only congestion relief benefits, but also rescheduling costs for users. The methodology is applied to the RER A heavy rail line in Paris, the busiest public transit line in Europe. We find SWH schemes to entail congestion relief benefits, as intended, even matching up with telework policies (in that shifting one peak trip produces benefits equivalent to cancelling one morning trip). Yet, such benefits remain limited, adding up to around 20% of total crowding costs for the morning peak period at most. Furthermore, substantial rescheduling costs are involved: decreasing the total time standing by one hour implies shifting fifteen trips also by one hour. Regarding design, we find that shifting few users by a large amount of time is usually more efficient than shifting many users by a shorter amount of time, as the latter may even prove counterproductive by just moving the peak to some other time in the morning. Moreover, we find that focusing the deployment of the SWH scheme on the biggest trip attractor-here the CBD station of La DĂ©fense-yields results similar to a deployment over the whole line (for a similar total timeshift). The developed ex-ante evaluation framework could therefore provide guidance as how to improve the design of SWH schemes in the future, in particular in times of social distancing and need for reduced crowding