Exposure to contaminated sharps among operators in dental surgery clinics

Introduction: health care workers are constantly exposed to injuries attributable to sharps in their day-to-day work, and when this occurs there is a risk of contracting a disease that can be transmitted by blood or fluids containing in such tools. Objective: determining the prevalence of accidents attributable to sharps in students of Oral Surgery clinics. Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among students of stomatology, who are coursing the Oral Surgery II component at the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua. It was performed a probabilistic sampling, and 25 people were selected as sample, 19 of them were applicable for the study. Result: the 94.7% of personnel surveyed reported suffered, at least, one accidental injury, and 36.8% of them on 2 to 4 times. The needle and scalpel were the objects with the highest incidence (21.2 % of event) in contrast there was low notification to the department or mentor in charge, since 42.1 % did not report the accident. Conclusions: most of the students have suffered 2 or more accidents with sharps, most frequently with scalpel and needle, corresponding from the exposure to risk of percutaneous accident event

Prevalencia ante exposición a objetos cortopunzantes contaminados en operadores en las clínicas de cirugía dental

Introduction: health care workers are constantly exposed to injuries attributable to sharps in their day-to-day work, and when this occurs there is a risk of contracting a disease that can be transmitted by blood or fluids containing in such tools. Objective: determining the prevalence of accidents attributable to sharps in students of Oral Surgery clinics.Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among students of stomatology, who are coursing the Oral Surgery II component at the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua. It was performed a probabilistic sampling, and 25 people were selected as sample, 19 of them were applicable for the study. Result: the 94.7% of personnel surveyed reported suffered, at least, one accidental injury, and 36.8% of them on 2 to 4 times. The needle and scalpel were the objects with the highest incidence (21.2 % of event) in contrast there was low notification to the department or mentor in charge, since 42.1 % did not report the accident. Conclusions: most of the students have suffered 2 or more accidents with sharps, most frequently with scalpel and needle, corresponding from the exposure to risk of percutaneous accident event.Introducción: el trabajador de la salud está constantemente expuesto a sufrir algún accidente con objetos cortopunzantes durante el desarrollo de su labor, cuando este ocurre existe el riesgo de contraer alguna enfermedad transmisible por sangre o fluidos donde estuvo este material. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de accidentes con instrumental cortopunzante en alumnos de las clínicas de Cirugía Oral. Método: se realizó una investigación descriptiva de corte transversal en estudiantes de la carrera de estomatología, que cursan el componente de Cirugía Bucal II en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua, por medio de un muestreo probabilístico obtuvimos una muestra de 25 personas de las cuales 19 aplicaron para nuestro estudio. Resultado: el 94,7 % de encuestados reportaron haber sufrido al menos una lesión accidental, siendo el 36,8 % con incidencia de 2 a 4 veces. La aguja y el bisturí fueron los objetos con más incidencia con el 21,2 % en contraste con la ausencia de notificación al departamento o tutor a cargo, ya que el 42,1 % no reportó el accidente. Conclusiones: la mayoría de los alumnos han sufrido 2 o más accidentes con objetos cortopunzantes, los más frecuentes con bisturí y aguja, correspondiendo a una exposición con riesgo de tipo accidente percutáneo.

PERCEPCIÓN DEL ENFERMERO PERUANO EN EL CUIDADO DEL PACIENTE CON COVID-19

Objetivo: analizar la percepción del enfermero sobre la atención del paciente hospitalizado por COVID-19 en tres hospitales peruanos. Método: estudio descriptivo de análisis cualitativo con 47 enfermeras entrevistadas entre febrero a junio de 2021. Se utilizó la técnica del Análisis de Contenido Temático con uso del software Interface de R pour les Analyses multidimensionnelles de textes et de questionnaires. Resultados: fueron identificadas cinco clases temáticas: 1- Miedo de contagiar a los familiares con el virus de la COVID-19; 2- Frustración e impotencia de los profesionales de enfermería; 3- El papel de la enfermería: pasado, presente y futuro en el cuidado del paciente; 4- Capacitación para el establecimiento de nuevos protocolos y uso de Equipos de Protección Personal; 5- Doloroso proceso de adaptación para los profesionales de la salud. Consideraciones finales: el enfermero percibió que durante la pandemia su trabajo fue sufrido con carencias de recursos humanos, materiales y dilemas éticos. Descriptores: COVID-19. Atención de Enfermería. Percepción. Hospitales. Investigación Cualitativa

Correlación entre renograma estándar e histología para diagnóstico etiológico de disfunción del injerto en pacientes trasplantados renales en el Hospital San Vicente Fundación en Medellín, Colombia, periodo enero/2009-diciembre/2013: serie de casos

Objective: Find the correlation between renal biopsy and renogram for evaluation of complications of renal transplantation.Methods: Correlation study, descriptive and retrospective records of patients who attended the kidney transplant service at the University Hospital Foundation San Vicente diagnosed with graft dysfunction in the period between January 2009 and December 2013.Criteria were reviewed inclusion in the study: Renal biopsy and standard MAG3 or DTPA renogram also demographic variables.Results: 33 medical records, only 18 eligible patients with the inclusion criteria were reviewed. We documented rejection in 7 patients with renal biopsies and 3 scans. In 11 patients without rejection was found by biopsy, scintigraphy ruled it in 6 of them. This translates into 42 % sensitivity (CI 0-86) and 45 % specificity (20-88), with a PPV of 33 % (CI 0-77) and NPV of 44% (CI 24-95).Conclusion: Our results differ from previous studies because renogram performance in our sample was poor for both rejection to acute tubular necrosis. Several independent factors could be related to our results.Objetivo: Encontrar la correlación entre la biopsia renal y el renograma, para evaluación de complicaciones del trasplante renal.Métodos: Estudio de correlación, descriptivo y retrospectivo, se revisaron los registros de pacientes que asistieron al servicio de trasplante renal del Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación con diagnóstico de disfunción del injerto en el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2009 y diciembre de 2013.Criterio de inclusión al estudio: La biopsia renal y renograma estándar con MAG3 o DTPA, además de variables demográficas.Resultados: Después de revisar 33 historias clínicas fueron elegibles solo 18 pacientes según criterios de inclusión, y se documentó rechazo en 7 pacientes por biopsia renal y 3 por gammagrafía. De 11 pacientes que no se presentaron rechazo por biopsia, en 6 de ellos la ocurrencia del evento fue descartada por la gammagrafía. Esto reveló 42 % de sensibilidad (IC 0-86) y 45 % de especificidad (20-88), con un VPP de 33 % (IC 0-77) y VPN de 44 % (IC 24-95).Conclusión: Los anteriores resultados discreparon de estudios previos, ya que el rendimiento del renograma en esta muestra fue pobre tanto para rechazo como para necrosis tubular aguda, situación que podría estar relacionada con diversos factores independientes de la misma investigación

What have we learned from a case of convalescent plasma treatment in a two-time kidney transplant recipient COVID-19 patient? A case report from the perspective of viral load evolution and immune response

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, can have a wide range of clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic disease to potentially life-threatening complications. Convalescent plasma therapy has been proposed as an effective alternative for the treatment of severe cases. The aim of this study was to follow a two-time renal transplant patient with severe COVID-19 treated with convalescent plasma over time from an immunologic and virologic perspective. A 42-year-old female patient, who was a two-time kidney transplant recipient, was hospitalized with COVID-19. Due to worsening respiratory symptoms, she was admitted to the intensive care unit, where she received two doses of convalescent plasma. We analyzed the dynamics of viral load in nasopharyngeal swab, saliva, and tracheal aspirate samples, before and after convalescent plasma transfusion. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and antibody titers were also measured in serum samples. A significant decrease in viral load was observed after treatment in the saliva and nasopharyngeal swab samples, and a slight decrease was observed in tracheal aspirate samples. In addition, we found evidence of an increase in antibody titers after transfusion, accompanied by a decrease in the levels of several cytokines responsible for cytokine storm

Search for CP violation in D+→K−K+π+D^{+} \to K^{-}K^{+}\pi^{+} decays

A model-independent search for direct CP violation in the Cabibbo suppressed decay $D^+ \to K^- K^+\pi^+$ in a sample of approximately 370,000 decays is carried out. The data were collected by the LHCb experiment in 2010 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35 pb$^{-1}$. The normalized Dalitz plot distributions for $D^+$ and $D^-$ are compared using four different binning schemes that are sensitive to different manifestations of CP violation. No evidence for CP asymmetry is found.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Measurement of the ratio of branching fractions BR(B0 -> K*0 gamma)/BR(Bs0 -> phi gamma)

The ratio of branching fractions of the radiative B decays B0 -> K*0 gamma and Bs0 -> phi gamma has been measured using 0.37 fb-1 of pp collisions at a centre of mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV, collected by the LHCb experiment. The value obtained is BR(B0 -> K*0 gamma)/BR(Bs0 -> phi gamma) = 1.12 +/- 0.08 ^{+0.06}_{-0.04} ^{+0.09}_{-0.08}, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third is associated to the ratio of fragmentation fractions fs/fd. Using the world average for BR(B0 -> K*0 gamma) = (4.33 +/- 0.15) x 10^{-5}, the branching fraction BR(Bs0 -> phi gamma) is measured to be (3.9 +/- 0.5) x 10^{-5}, which is the most precise measurement to date.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figure, 2 table

First observation of the decay Bˉs0→D0K∗0\bar{B}^0_s \to D^0 K^{*0} and a measurement of the ratio of branching fractions B(Bˉs0→D0K∗0)B(Bˉ0→D0ρ0)\frac{{\cal B}(\bar{B}^0_s \to D^0 K^{*0})}{{\cal B}(\bar{B}^0 \to D^0 \rho^0)}

The first observation of the decay $\bar{B}^0_s \to D^0 K^{*0}$ using $pp$ data collected by the LHCb detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb$^{-1}$, is reported. A signal of $34.4 \pm 6.8$ events is obtained and the absence of signal is rejected with a statistical significance of more than nine standard deviations. The $\bar{B}^0_s \to D^0 K^{*0}$ branching fraction is measured relative to that of $\bar{B}^0 \to D^0 \rho^0$: $\frac{{\cal B}(\bar{B}^0_s \to D^0 K^{*0})}{{\cal B}(\bar{B}^0 \to D^0 \rho^0)} = 1.48 \pm 0.34 \pm 0.15 \pm 0.12$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third is due to the uncertainty on the ratio of the $B^0$ and $B^0_s$ hadronisation fractions.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Lett. B; ISSN 0370-269

The role of natural science collections in the biomonitoring of environmental contaminants in apex predators in support of the EU's zero pollution ambition

The chemical industry is the leading sector in the EU in terms of added value. However, contaminants pose a major threat and significant costs to the environment and human health. While EU legislation and international conventions aim to reduce this threat, regulators struggle to assess and manage chemical risks, given the vast number of substances involved and the lack of data on exposure and hazards. The European Green Deal sets a 'zero pollution ambition for a toxic free environment' by 2050 and the EU Chemicals Strategy calls for increased monitoring of chemicals in the environment. Monitoring of contaminants in biota can, inter alia: provide regulators with early warning of bioaccumulation problems with chemicals of emerging concern; trigger risk assessment of persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic substances; enable risk assessment of chemical mixtures in biota; enable risk assessment of mixtures; and enable assessment of the effectiveness of risk management measures and of chemicals regulations overall. A number of these purposes are to be addressed under the recently launched European Partnership for Risk Assessment of Chemicals (PARC). Apex predators are of particular value to biomonitoring. Securing sufficient data at European scale implies large-scale, long-term monitoring and a steady supply of large numbers of fresh apex predator tissue samples from across Europe. Natural science collections are very well-placed to supply these. Pan-European monitoring requires effective coordination among field organisations, collections and analytical laboratories for the flow of required specimens, processing and storage of specimens and tissue samples, contaminant analyses delivering pan-European data sets, and provision of specimen and population contextual data. Collections are well-placed to coordinate this. The COST Action European Raptor Biomonitoring Facility provides a well-developed model showing how this can work, integrating a European Raptor Biomonitoring Scheme, Specimen Bank and Sampling Programme. Simultaneously, the EU-funded LIFE APEX has demonstrated a range of regulatory applications using cutting-edge analytical techniques. PARC plans to make best use of such sampling and biomonitoring programmes. Collections are poised to play a critical role in supporting PARC objectives and thereby contribute to delivery of the EU's zero-pollution ambition.Non peer reviewe

Discourse Analysis and Terminology in Languages for Specific Purposes

Aquest importantíssim recull conté estudis i reflexions sobre temes rellevants en la recerca sobre LSP: anglès mèdic, el llenguatge de la publicitat i periodístic, telecomunicacions i terminologia informàtica, llenguatge comercial i jurídic... Malgrat que gran part dels treballs aplegats es refereixen a l'anglès, també hi ha que tracten l'alemany, francès i altres llengües. Conté textos en anglès, francés, portuguès i castellà