Contribución al conocimiento del entorno geológico de las mineralizaciones de Fe al sur de El Pedroso (Sevilla)

New data on the geological setting of the el Pedroso magnetite deposits (Southern Iberian Massif) are presented. Magnetite is found in a carbonate band whih was skarn transformed by the El Pedroso granitoid intrusion. The skarn is thought to be of lime type because of the typical association of Ca minerals found. From this study, the following geological characteristics can be deduced: a) all the metamorphic processes occurred on the magnetite deposit country rocks can be reasonably explained as a simultaneous process of contact metamorphism and deformation, b) metamorphism reached up high grade conditions, locally producing anatexia of the country rocks, and c) Fe was concentrated from the El Pedroso granitoid, which is Fe very rich (8-12 %), by the skarn process.Se presentan nuevos datos sobre el contexto geológico de las mineralizaciones de magnetita de El Pedroso (Macizo Ibérico Meridional). Estos depósitos de magnetita se encuentran asociados a una banda carbonatada que ha sido transformada en skarn por el macizo granitoide de El Pedroso. El skarn ha podido ser definido como de tipo calizo de acuerdo con las asociaciones minerales presentes. A partir de este estudio se han podido deducir las siguientes características geológicas: a) todo el metamorfismo del entorno de las mineralizaciones puede ser satisfactoriamente explicado como un metamorfismo de contacto simultáneo a una deformación, b) este metamorfismo alcanza condiciones de alto grado y produce anatexia de determinadas partes de los encajantes; y c) el Fe fue probablemente aportado por el granitoide de El Pedroso, muy rico en Fe (8-12 %), y concentrado por procesos de skarn

Geochemical and Volcanological Criteria in Assessing the Links between Volcanism and VMS Deposits: A Case on the Iberian Pyrite Belt, Spain

VMS deposits in the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB), Spain and Portugal, constitute the largest accumulation of these deposits on Earth. Although several factors account for their genetic interpretation, a link between volcanism and mineralization is generally accepted. In many VMS districts, research is focused on the geochemical discrimination between barren and fertile volcanic rocks, these latter being a proxy of VMS mineralization. Additionally, the volcanological study of igneous successions sheds light on the environment at which volcanic rocks were emplaced, showing an emplacement depth consistent with that required for VMS formation. We describe a case on the El Almendro–Villanueva de los Castillejos (EAVC) succession, Spanish IPB, where abundant felsic volcanic rocks occur. According to the available evidence, their geochemical features, εNd signature and U–Pb dates suggest a possible link to VMS deposits. However, (paleo)volcanological evidence here indicates pyroclastic emplacement in a shallow water environment. We infer that such a shallow environment precluded VMS generation, a conclusion that is consistent with the absence of massive deposits all along this area. We also show that this interpretation lends additional support to previous models of the whole IPB, suggesting that compartmentalization of the belt had a major role in determining the sites of VMS depositionThis research is supported by the research project “Caracterización y datación isotópicas de rocas ígneas y sistemas hidrotermales en la Faja Pirítica Ibérica Española” (BTE2003-04354, Plan Nacional I+D) Careful revisions by anonymous reviewers have importantly contributed to improve this work and are acknowledged with than

La necrópolis megalítica de los molares: estudio lítico preliminar de la industria tallada y pulimentada de Cañada Real y el Palomar. Análisis de caracterización de la materia prima, morfológico, técnico y tipométrico.

Presentamos aquí un análisis preliminar de la industria lítica tallada y pulimentada de los dólmenes de Cañada Real y El Palomar (Los Molares, Sevilla), como paso previo a la publicación conjunta de ambos monumentos funerarios que, pese a haber sido excavados en momentos distintos, pertenecieron a una necrópolis megalítica de la primera mitad del IV milenio a.n.e., junto con otros hoy desaparecidos, todos ellos de igual tipologí

The impact of nationality on the psychophysiological stress response and academic fulfilment in the final degree dissertation

The aims of this study were: i. to analyze the effect of nationality on the psychophysiological stress response of physiotherapy last year students in their final degree dissertations; and ii. to analyze the relationship between the stress response and academic results according to nationality. We evaluated the autonomic stress response, cortical arousal, distress subjective perception, and objective and subjective academic fulfilment in Spanish, Italian, and French physiotherapy students during their final degree dissertation. Results showed a large anticipatory anxiety response before the dissertation in the three student groups. Only the Spanish group showed an increased tendency in the habituation process, reducing the psychophysiological stress response during the dissertation, while the Italian and French groups maintained a large sympathetic activation until the end of the dissertation. Cortical arousal and subjective perception of distress were similar in the three nationalities. In addition, no correlation between academic fulfilment and autonomic modulation was found. We concluded that there was no nationality effect in the psychophysiological stress response of physiotherapy last year students in their final degree dissertation, all of them showing a large anticipatory anxiety response

Documento de consenso SEA/SEMERGEN 2019. Recomendaciones dietéticas en la prevención cardiovascular

El actual paradigma en las ciencias de la nutrición establece que la unidad nutricional básica no son los nutrientes, sino los alimentos que los contienen (aceites, frutos secos, productos lácteos, huevos, carnes rojas o procesadas, etc.), que actúan como matriz alimentaria en la que los diferentes nutrientes modulan sinérgica o antagónicamente sus efectos sobre diversas vías metabólicas determinantes para la salud y la enfermedad. La alimentación no se basa en nutrientes ni en alimentos aislados sino en complejas mezclas de unos y otros que forman parte de un patrón alimentario concreto, concepto que se ha señalado como el más pertinente para evaluar las asociaciones entre nutrición y salud o enfermedad. Este documento resume las evidencias disponibles sobre la relación existente entre los diferentes alimentos y la salud cardiovascular, y ofrece recomendaciones sencillas para ser implementadas en el consejo dietético que se ofrezca por parte del profesional sanitario

Emplacement, hydrothermal alteration and metamorphism sequence in the Jörn Granitoid Complex, Skellefte mining district, northern Sweden

The Skellefte district is one of the most important mining districts in Sweden, located in an early Proterozoic (1.90-1.87Ga) volcanic arc province in the Baltic Shield, northern Sweden. The district consists of a complex volcanosedimentary succession formed by submarine, mainly felsic, volcanic rocks named Skellefte Group, overlain by a subaerial, felsic volcanic succession named Arvidsjaur Group and shallow- to deep-marine sedimentary rocks known as Vargfors Group (Allen et al., 1996). The Jörn Granitoid Complex (JGC) crops out at the northern boundary of the Skellefte district, and is constituted by several intrusions ranging in composition from gabbro to granite. Some features of the JGC suggest that it is comagmatic with the volcanic rocks of the Skellefte and Arvidsjaur Group. Our recent study has revealed that earlier intrusives in the complex (GI) have significant geochemical differences with the rest of plutonic rocks in the complex (GII to GIV). Crystallization of GI was followed by intense hydrothermal alteration and late, regional contact metamorphism that do not affect the later GII to GIV facies. This sequence in time, together with the chemical contrasts between the successive Jörn facies, suggests that a significant time gap lasted between the emplacement of GI and the later plutonic rocks in the Jörn complex. This is probably relevant to the geological history and ore research in the district, in that a major change occurred between GI and the rest of the JGC facies, involving changes in the geochemical character of magmatism and coeval thermal activit

Succession of felsic volcanic sequences in the Volcano-Sedimentary Complex in the Iberian Pyrite Belt: discrimination between volcanic and subvolcanic models

A field study is presented on two selected areas in the Volcano-Sedimentary Complex (VSC) of the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB), the Odiel River section and the Paymogo Volcanic lineament. Field evidence has allowed to distinguish two major groups of felsic rocks, which successively appear in the stratigraphic column. Probably, this conclusion can be extended to other areas in the IPB. In addition, field, petrographic and geochemical evidence shows that at least the felsic rhyolitic succession in the Odiel River (and probably also in Paymogo) formed in a volcanic, environment, favouring a volcanic-pile model in the VS

Proposal of a clinical care pathway for quality and safe management of headache patients: a consensus study report

Background Headache is one of the most prevalent and disabling conditions. Its optimal management requires a coordinated and comprehensive response by health systems, but there is still a wide variability that compromises the quality and safety of the care process. Purpose To establish the basis for designing a care pathway for headache patients through identifying key subpathways in the care process and setting out quality and clinical safety standards that contribute to providing comprehensive, adequate and safe healthcare. Method A qualitative research study based on the consensus conference technique. Eleven professionals from the Spanish National Health System participated, seven of them with clinical experience in headache and four specialists in healthcare management and quality. First, identification of the key subpathways in the care process for headache, barriers/limitations for optimal quality of care, and quality and safety standards applied in each subpathway. Second, two consecutive consensus rounds were carried out to assess the content of the subpathway level descriptors, until the expert agreement was reached. Third, findings were assessed by 17 external healthcare professionals to determine their understanding, adequacy and usefulness. Results Seven key subpathways were identified: (1) primary care, (2) emergency department, (3) neurology department, (4) specialised headache unit, (5) hospitalisation, (6) outpatients and (7) governance and management. Sixty-seventh barriers were identified, the most frequent being related to diagnostic errors (36,1%), resource deficiency (25%), treatment errors (19,4%), lack of health literacy (13,9%) and inadequate communications with care transitions (5,6%). Fifty-nine quality and 31 safety standards were defined. They were related to evaluation (23.3%), patient safety (21.1%), comprehensive care (12.2%), treatment (12.2%), clinical practice guidelines (7.8%), counselling (6.7%), training (4.4%) and patient satisfaction (3.3%). Conclusions This proposal incorporates a set of indicators and standards, which can be used to define a pathway for headache patients and determine the levels of quality

Structural connectivity and subcellular changes after antidepressant doses of ketamine and Ro 25-6981 in the rat: an MRI and immuno-labeling study

Ketamine has rapid and robust antidepressant effects. However, unwanted psychotomimetic effects limit its widespread use. Hence, several studies examined whether GluN2B-subunit selective NMDA antagonists would exhibit a better therapeutic profile. Although preclinical work has revealed some of the mechanisms of action of ketamine at cellular and molecular levels, the impact on brain circuitry is poorly understood. Several neuroimaging studies have examined the functional changes in the brain induced by acute administration of ketamine and Ro 25-6981 (a GluN2B-subunit selective antagonist), but the changes in the microstructure of gray and white matter have received less attention. Here, the effects of ketamine and Ro 25-6981 on gray and white matter integrity in male Sprague-Dawley rats were determined using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI). In addition, DWI-based structural brain networks were estimated and connectivity metrics were computed at the regional level. Immunohistochemical analyses were also performed to determine whether changes in myelin basic protein (MBP) and neurofilament heavy-chain protein (NF200) may underlie connectivity changes. In general, ketamine and Ro 25-6981 showed some opposite structural alterations, but both compounds coincided only in increasing the fractional anisotropy in infralimbic prefrontal cortex and dorsal raphe nucleus. These changes were associated with increments of NF200 in deep layers of the infralimbic cortex (together with increased MBP) and the dorsal raphe nucleus. Our results suggest that the synthesis of NF200 and MBP may contribute to the formation of new dendritic spines and myelination, respectively. We also suggest that the increase of fractional anisotropy of the infralimbic and dorsal raphe nucleus areas could represent a biomarker of a rapid antidepressant response.Funding: Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This work was supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Evaluación y Fomento de la Investigación (PI13/00038, PI16/00217 and PI19/00170 to A.A.) that were co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (‘A way to build Europe’); Generalitat Valenciana, Conselleria d’ Educació, Investigació, Cultura i Esport (GV/2018/049 to A.B-S.); Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (RTI2018-097534-B-I00 to F.P.-C.). Funding from the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III is also acknowledged

Brief cognitive assessment instruments in schizophrenia and bipolar patients, and healthy control subjects: A comparison study between the Brief Cognitive Assessment Tool for Schizophrenia (B-CATS) and the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP)

Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and psychosis is ubiquitous and acknowledged as a core feature of clinical expression, pathophysiology, and prediction of functioning. However, assessment of cognitive functioning is excessively time-consuming in routine practice, and brief cognitive instruments specific to psychosis would be of value. Two screening tools have recently been created to address this issue, i.e., the Brief Cognitive Assessment Tool for Schizophrenia (B-CATS) and the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP). The aim of this research was to examine the comparative validity of these two brief instruments in relation to a global cognitive score. 161 patients with psychosis (96 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 65 patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder) and 76 healthy control subjects were tested with both instruments to examine their concurrent validity relative to a more comprehensive neuropsychological assessment battery. Scores from the B-CATS and the SCIP were highly correlated in the three diagnostic groups, and both scales showed good to excellent concurrent validity relative to a Global Cognitive Composite Score (GCCS) derived from the more comprehensive examination. The SCIP-S showed better predictive value of global cognitive impairment than the B-CATS. Partial and semi-partial correlations showed slightly higher percentages of both shared and unique variance between the SCIP-S and the GCCS than between the B-CATS and the GCCS. Brief instruments for assessing cognition in schizophrenia and bipolar disorders, such as the SCIP-S and B-CATS, seem to be reliable and promising tools for use in routine clinical practice