Analysis of the problems and educational needs of new family structures

. El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer cuales son las preocupaciones y demandas de apoyo de familias correspondientes a diversas estructuras familiares. Se entrevistaron a 214 familias pertenecientes a 6 diferentes estructuras familiares. Los resultados muestran que las familias se preocupan por la salud de sus hijos y demandan criterios educativos para afrontar el proceso de crianza. Las familias monoparentales y reconstituidas inciden en el hecho de que sus hijos han vivido procesos de conflicto. Las familias adoptivas muestran preocupación por la normalidad del desarrollo psicológico de sus hijos y demandan formación de apoyo a la adopción. Las familias homoparentales resaltan la estigmatización social que puedan sufrir sus hijos. Las familias de partos múltiples señalan la elevada necesidad de recursos humanos, educativos y económicos que requiere la crianza de sus hijos. Los datos obtenidos ponen de manifiesto la necesidad del desarrollo de políticas educativas y preventivas dirigidas a las familias.The aim of this study is to identify the concerns and support needs of several family groups corresponding to different family structures. 214 families, matching 6 different family structures, were interviewed. The results show that families are worried about their children’s health and that educational criteria are required to deal with the child-rearing process. Single and step families are worried about the fact that their children have been through processes of conflict. Adoptive families have worry about the normal psychological development of their children and require specific training to deal with the adoption process. Gay and lesbian families are concerned about the social stigma that may fall on their children. Multiple-birth families are worried about the high level of human, educational and economic resources needed to raise their children. Results highlight the need to develop educational and preventive policies aimed at families

Inhibition of PTEN by peroxynitrite activates the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt neuroprotective signaling pathway

El derivado del óxido nítrico, peroxinitrito, activa una cascada de señalización de supervivencia en neuronas. El mecanismo implica la oxidación de la fosfatasa PTEN, que permite incrementar la forma fosforilada (neuroprotectora) de akt.Peroxynitrite is usually considered as a neurotoxic nitric oxidederivative. However, an increasing body of evidence suggests that, at low concentrations, peroxynitrite affords transient cytoprotection, both in vitro and in vivo. Here, we addressed the signaling mechanism responsible for this effect, and found that rat cortical neurons in primary culture acutely exposed to peroxynitrite (0.1 mmol/L) rapidly elicited Akt-Ser473 phosphorylation. Inhibition of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway with wortmannin or Akt small hairpin RNA (shRNA) abolished the ability of peroxynitrite to prevent etoposide-induced apoptotic death. Endogenous peroxynitrite formation by short-term incubation of neurons with glutamate stimulated Akt-Ser473 phosphorylation, whereas Akt shRNA enhanced the vulnerability of neurons against glutamate. We further show that Akt-Ser473 phosphorylation was consequence of the oxidizing, but not the nitrating properties of peroxynitrite. Peroxynitrite failed to nitrate or phosphorylate neurotrophin tyrosine kinase receptors (Trks), and it did not modify the ability of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), to phosphorylate its cognate receptor, TrkB; however, peroxynitrite enhanced BDNF-mediated Akt-Ser473 phosphorylation. Finally, we found that peroxynitrite-stimulated Akt-Ser473 phosphorylation was associated with an increased proportion of oxidized phosphoinositide phosphatase, PTEN, in neurons. Moreover, peroxynitrite prevented the increase of apoptotic neuronal death caused by over-expression of PTEN. Thus, peroxynitrite exerts neuroprotection by inhibiting PTEN, hence activating the anti-apoptotic PI3K/Akt pathway in primary neurons

Percepción sobre educación ambiental en la Escuela Eduardo Cuevas de la Policía Nacional de Colombia

La educación ambiental funciona como una herramienta que permite generar cambios en las actitudes y aptitudes logrando un equilibrio entre hombre- sociedad-naturaleza. El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue identificar la percepción de los estudiantes del curso 047 del Técnico Profesional en Servicio de Policía de la Escuela de Carabineros Eduardo Cuevas García de la Policía Nacional de Colombia sobre la educación ambiental, con el fin de contribuir en la formación integral de los futuros policías del país. Esta escuela de formación policial se encuentra ubicada en la ciudad de Villavicencio, departamento del Meta en Colombia. La metodología utilizada se basó en la aplicación de un instrumento de recolección de información "encuesta semiestructurada" la cual fue aplicada al 100% de los estudiantes del curso 047 de la escuela. Dentro de los principales resultados, los estudiantes reflejan la necesidad de contar con una cátedra ambiental dentro de su pensum de formación académica, teniendo en cuenta que consideran que gran parte de las problemáticas ambientales en el mundo ocurren por falta de educación en este tema. Finalmente, los estudiantes tienen claro que para su desempeño como futuros policías requieren tener bases sobre la educación ambiental para poder dar solución a problemáticas que se presentan en el diario vivir.Trabajo publicado en Acta Bioquímica Clínica Latinoamericana; no. 52, supl. 2, parte II, diciembre de 2018.Universidad Nacional de La Plat

Uso de composta, minerales primarios amorfos y microorganismos para la producción y calidad de tomate

This research was carried out with the aim to determine the influence of the bocashi compost, amorphous primary minerals and microorganisms in post-harvest yield and quality of saladette tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) hibrid “Moctezuma”. The crop was carried in soil under greenhouse conditions during the agricultural cycle 2011-2012 autumn-winter. A population density of 2.5 plants m2 managed to a single stem and a separation of 1.6 m between rows was used. The bocashi compost and amorphous primary minerals were incorporated into the soil 30 days before the start of cultivation. Total and extra-large, large, medium and small tomatoes yields of eight clusters per plant and their postharvest quality were evaluated. An experimental design of randomized complete blocks with nine treatments was applied for yield variables, while a completely randomized design was used for postharvest quality variables. The highest yield (113.97 Mg ha-1) was obtained with the treatment consisting of 25 and 6 Mg ha-1 of compost and amorphous primary minerals, respectively, which exceeded 9.3% those achieved with the Steiner solution based treatments, although no significant statistically difference were found between the two averages. pH, titratable acidity and total soluble solids of fruits were not significantly affected by treatments.La presente investigación se realizó con el objetivo de determinar el efecto de la composta bocashi, minerales primarios amorfos y microorganismos en el rendimiento y calidad postcosecha de tomate tipo saladette (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.), híbrido “Moctezuma”. El cultivo se realizó en suelo bajo condiciones de invernadero, durante el ciclo agrícola otoño-invierno 2011-2012. Se utilizó una densidad de población de 2,5 plantas m2, manejadas a un tallo y con una separación de 1,6 m entre hileras. La composta bocashi, los minerales primarios amorfos y los microorganismos fueron incorporados al suelo 30 días antes del inicio del cultivo, y estos últimos también se aplicaron después del trasplante. Se evaluó el rendimiento total y de tomates extra grandes, grandes, medianos y chicos de ocho racimos por planta, así como su calidad postcosecha. Para las variables de rendimiento se consideró un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar conformado por nueve tratamientos, mientras que para el estudio de calidad postcosecha se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar con los mismos tratamientos. El mayor rendimiento (113,97 Mg ha-1) se obtuvo con el tratamiento compuesto por 25 y 6 Mg ha-1 de composta y minerales primarios amorfos, respectivamente, el cual superó en 9,3 % a los rendimientos logrados solo con la solución Steiner, aunque sin diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre ambos promedios. Los tratamientos no tuvieron ningún efecto en el pH, la acidez titulable y los sólidos solubles totales

Empoderamiento del alumnado adulto y de las personas mayores para una ciudadanía activa

Esta obra reúne iniciativas y experiencias de sensibilización y formación del profesorado y del alumnado adulto y mayor hacia una educación en competencias que contribuya a desarrollar la práctica de una ciudadanía activa compartiendo el tiempo libre, los conocimientos y las experiencias en proyectos sociales que consoliden y mejoren el entramado social de la ciudad, de las personas que la habitan y de la atención a sus necesidades. Su origen fue el proyecto CiudAct cofinanciado por el Programa Erasmus+ de la Unión Europea y en su desarrollo ha intervenido un equipo interinstitucional liderado por el Aula de Mayores+55 de la Universidad de Málaga y participado por el Centro de Profesorado «José Rodríguez Galán» de Antequera, la Asociación Cívica para la Prevención (ACP), la Asociación de Igualdad de Género Universitario (AIGU), y el Ayuntamiento de Faraján (Málaga). Con ellos, y con otras tantas instituciones y sus respectivos consorcios locales en toda Europa, se participa en la red supranacional Ciudades en Crecimiento.Programa Erasmus+ de la Unión Europea (referencia de proyecto 2015-1-ES01-KA104-014944

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Formación de los tutores de las prácticas externas como herramienta eficaz en la mejora del aprendizaje del estudiante y su inserción laboral

El objetivo del proyecto es mejorar la calidad de la tutorización de las prácticas externas y fomentar las buenas prácticas que garanticen el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Están implicados tutores académicos, externos, instituciones y estudiante

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group

Effectiveness, safety/tolerability of OBV/PTV/r ± DSV in patients with HCV genotype 1 or 4 with/without HIV-1 co-infection, chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage IIIb-V and dialysis in Spanish clinical practice - Vie-KinD study

Limited data are available on the effectiveness and tolerability of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) therapies in the real world for HCV-infected patients with comorbidities. This study aimed to describe the effectiveness of OBV/PTV/r ± DSV (3D/2D regimen) with or without ribavirin (RBV) in HCV or HCV/HIV co-infected patients with GT1/GT4 and CKD (IIIb-V stages), including those under hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis in routine clinical practice in Spain in 2015.Non-interventional, retrospective, multicenter data collection study in 31 Spanish sites. Socio-demographic, clinical variables, study treatment characteristics, effectiveness and tolerability data were collected from medical records.Data from 135 patients with a mean age (SD) of 58.3 (11.4) years were analyzed: 92.6% GT1 (81.6% GT1b and 17.6% GT1a) and 7.4% GT4, 14 (10.4%) HIV/HCV co-infected, 19.0% with fibrosis F3 and 28.1% F4 by FibroScan®, 52.6% were previously treated with pegIFN and RBV. 11.1%, 14.8% and 74.1% of patients had CKD stage IIIb, IV and V respectively. 68.9% of patients were on hemodialysis; 8.9% on peritoneal dialysis and 38.5% had history of renal transplant. A total of 125 (96.2%) of 135 patients were treated with 3D, 10 (7.4%) with 2D and 30.4% received RBV. The overall intention-to-treat (ITT) sustained virologic response at week 12 (SVR12) was 92.6% (125/135) and the overall modified-ITT (mITT) SVR12 was 99.2% (125/126). The SVR12 rates (ITT) per sub-groups were: HCV mono-infected (91.7%), HCV/HIV co-infected (100%), GT1 (92.0%), GT4 (100%), CKD stage IIIb (86.7%), stage IV (95%) and stage V (93%). Among the 10 non-SVR there was only 1 virologic failure (0.7%); 4 patients had missing data due lost to follow up (3.0%) and 5 patients discontinued 3D/2D regimen (3.7%): 4 due to severe adverse events (including 3 deaths) and 1 patient´s decision.These results have shown that 3D/2D regimens are effective and tolerable in patients with advanced CKD including those in dialysis with GT 1 or 4 chronic HCV mono-infection and HIV/HCV coinfection in a real-life cohort. The overall SVR12 rates were 92.6% (ITT) and 99.2% (mITT) without clinically relevant changes in eGFR until 12 weeks post-treatment. These results are consistent with those reported in clinical trials