Meta-analysis: hydroxychloroquine therapy approach with or without azithromycin against covid-19

Objective: identify and analyse the evidences about the use of hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin in covid-19. Methods: This is a systematic review with meta-analysis using posted articles in December 2019 until May 2020. The research was formulated by a question structured using PICO strategy, in these data bases: BVS, PUBMED, MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF e SCIELO. Results and discussion: Resulted in 9 articles founded by the PRISMA, approaching 4182 patients. PICO strategy selected and analysed 5 articles projected in Forest plots. Resulting in tree clinical trials (RR: 1.15; IC95%, 0.76 a 1.73), which did not found big differences in the outcome in the groups of patients who used HCQ with or without AZT, comparing with the control group. Two studies analysed the number of deaths/intubations in comparative group, experimental group and control (RR:1.86; IC: 95%, 1.54 a 2.26) resulting in more chance of death /intubation in patients who used HCQ. Conclusion: It was found that is not possible to prove the efficacy of these drugs, due to the limited number of randomized and controlled clinical trials. Therefore, the encourage of scientific production about the HCQ and AZT against Covid-19 is more than necessary

Perfil epidemiológico dos acidentes por animais peçonhentos em Alagoas de 2020 a 2023

Introdução:Os incidentes resultantes da interação com animais venenosos representam um desafio significativo para a saúde pública, contribuindo para um considerável número de problemas de saúde em todo o mundo. A pesquisa sobre esse assunto é limitada em Alagoas, destacando a urgência de investigar esses incidentes, pois são essenciais para orientar as estratégias de vigilância tanto epidemiológica quanto ambiental. Objetivo: Descrever  o  perfil epidemiológico  dos  acidentes  com  animais  peçonhentos  no Estado  de  Alagoas, entre 2020 a 2023. Metodologia: Este estudo adotou uma abordagem ecológica e descritiva, com foco quantitativo. Os dados foram obtidos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, vinculado ao Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, referentes aos casos notificados de acidentes com animais peçonhentos entre os anos de 2020 e 2023 em Alagoas. Resultados:Houve um total de 51.656 notificações de acidentes causados por animais peçonhentos em Alagoas.Os principais responsáveis por incidentes foram os Escorpiões, com uma incidência de 84,08%, ainda 45,06% eram mulheres. Conclusão:A importância dos incidentes envolvendo animais venenosos destaca a necessidade de um planejamento abrangente, envolvendo medidas coordenadas de vigilância epidemiológica em conjunto com agências ambientais, visando a redução do número de fatalidades

Avanços da cirurgia robótica no tratamento de doenças cardiovasculares

Várias cirurgias médicas já utilizaram a tecnologia robótica, tais como: cirurgias no estômago, bexiga, rins, próstata, cérebro e inclusive no coração, o qual proporciona-se a reparação de válvulas cardíacas e até mesmo cirurgias nas artérias. O principal objetivo do presente estudo é discutir por meio da literatura científica acerca dos avanços da cirurgia robótica no tratamento de doenças cardiovasculares. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, dos quais, utilizou-se as bases e biblioteca eletrônica Scielo e Periódico Capes, totalizando 5 artigos elegíveis. A cirurgia robótica tem sido um dos principais métodos utilizados em tratamentos cardiovasculares quando comparados com técnicas convencionais, sobretudo, no que diz respeito, a cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Vigilância em Saúde do Trabalhador: um estudo à luz da Portaria nº 3.120/98

RESUMO A saúde do trabalhador é um campo de práticas e conhecimentos de enfoque teórico-metodológico da saúde pública, cujo objeto é o processo saúde-doença do homem em sua relação com o trabalho. Analisaram-se as principais ações na Vigilância em Saúde do Trabalhador e na prevenção de acidentes de trabalho. O referencial teórico baseou-se na corrente filosófica do materialismo histórico e dialético da saúde do trabalhador. Nas entrevistas, obtiveram-se reflexões e depoimentos de profissionais do Centro de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador (Cerest/RJ) para análise de conteúdo. Os resultados revelam importantes lacunas que afetam as ações atuais nessa área, quanto à distância entre conhecimento teórico, sua apreensão e sua aplicação

Acaricidal activity of ethanolic extracts of Stryphnodendron adstringens and Lafoensia pacari and oil resins from Copaifera sp. and Pterodon emarginatus against Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis

ABSTRACT: In vitro bioassay using Sarcoptes scabiei as a test microorganism is a viable method of study for diverse drugs with acaricidal properties. A great amount of assays proves the diverse and efficient biological activity of extracts and compounds from Brazilian savanna plants. This study had as main object, test and compare the acaricidal activity of four Brazilian Cerrado bioproducts: Stryphnodendron adstringens Mart., Copaifera sp., Lafoensia pacari A. St Hil. and Pterodon emarginatus Vogel, 1837. To perform this test S. scabiei mites were collected from crusts removed on ears of highly infected sows. The mites were selected and separated in Petri dishes with three different concentrations (25, 50 and 75%) of each bioproduct, to evaluate their potential acaricidal activity. The mortality of the mites was counted in each Petri dish every hour, during five hours. The statistical analyses demonstrated differences between the bioproducts tested. The oleoresin of Copaifera sp. and P. emarginatus presented the best results with 100% of mites mortality after treatment. The ethanolic extracts of S. adstringens and L. pacari demonstrated lower acaricidal activity when compared to the oleoresins, with little or no difference among the control groups tested. This bioassay demonstrated to be efficient, reliable, low cost and easy accomplishment. Oil resins from Copaifera sp. and P. emarginatus have in vitro acaricidal activity against adult females of S. scabiei var. suis