Preoperative external beam radiotherapy and reduced dose brachytherapy for carcinoma of the cervix: survival and pathological response

PURPOSE: To evaluate the pathologic response of cervical carcinoma to external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and high dose rate brachytherapy (HDRB) and outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1992 and 2001, 67 patients with cervical carcinoma were submitted to preoperative radiotherapy. Sixty-five patients were stage IIb. Preoperative treatment included 45 Gy EBRT and 12 Gy HDRB. Patients were submitted to surgery after a mean time of 82 days. Lymphadenectomy was performed in 81% of patients. Eleven patients with residual cervix residual disease on pathological specimen were submitted to 2 additional insertions of HDRB. RESULTS: median follow up was 72 months. Five-year cause specific survival was 75%, overall survival 65%, local control 95%. Complete pelvic pathological response was seen in 40%. Surgery performed later than 80 days was associated with pathological response. Pelvic nodal involvement was found in 12%. Complete pelvic pathological response and negative lymphnodes were associated with better outcome (p = .03 and p = .005). Late grade 3 and 4 urinary and intestinal adverse effects were seen in 12 and 2% of patients. CONCLUSION: Time allowed between RT and surgery correlated with pathological response. Pelvic pathological response was associated with improved outcome. Postoperative additional HDRB did not improve therapeutic results. Treatment was well tolerated

Five-Year Outcomes after Off-Pump or On-Pump Coronary-Artery Bypass Grafting.

BACKGROUND: We previously reported that there was no significant difference at 30 days or at 1 year in the rate of the composite outcome of death, stroke, myocardial infarction, or renal failure between patients who underwent coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) performed with a beating-heart technique (off-pump) and those who underwent CABG performed with cardiopulmonary bypass (on-pump). We now report the results at 5 years (the end of the trial). METHODS: A total of 4752 patients (from 19 countries) who had coronary artery disease were randomly assigned to undergo off-pump or on-pump CABG. For this report, we analyzed a composite outcome of death, stroke, myocardial infarction, renal failure, or repeat coronary revascularization (either CABG or percutaneous coronary intervention). The mean follow-up period was 4.8 years. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the off-pump group and the on-pump group in the rate of the composite outcome (23.1% and 23.6%, respectively; hazard ratio with off-pump CABG, 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87 to 1.10; P=0.72) or in the rates of the components of the outcome, including repeat coronary revascularization, which was performed in 2.8% of the patients in the off-pump group and in 2.3% of the patients in the on-pump group (hazard ratio, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.85 to 1.73; P=0.29). The secondary outcome for the overall period of the trial - the mean cost in U.S. dollars per patient - also did not differ significantly between the off-pump group and the on-pump group ($15,107 and$14,992, respectively; between-group difference, $115; 95$697 to $927). There were no significant between-group differences in quality-of-life measures. CONCLUSIONS: In our trial, the rate of the composite outcome of death, stroke, myocardial infarction, renal failure, or repeat revascularization at 5 years of follow-up was similar among patients who underwent off-pump CABG and those who underwent on-pump CABG. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research; CORONARY ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00463294 .)

Global transpiration data from sap flow measurements : the SAPFLUXNET database

Plant transpiration links physiological responses of vegetation to water supply and demand with hydrological, energy, and carbon budgets at the land-atmosphere interface. However, despite being the main land evaporative flux at the global scale, transpiration and its response to environmental drivers are currently not well constrained by observations. Here we introduce the first global compilation of whole-plant transpiration data from sap flow measurements (SAPFLUXNET, https://sapfluxnet.creaf.cat/, last access: 8 June 2021). We harmonized and quality-controlled individual datasets supplied by contributors worldwide in a semi-automatic data workflow implemented in the R programming language. Datasets include sub-daily time series of sap flow and hydrometeorological drivers for one or more growing seasons, as well as metadata on the stand characteristics, plant attributes, and technical details of the measurements. SAPFLUXNET contains 202 globally distributed datasets with sap flow time series for 2714 plants, mostly trees, of 174 species. SAPFLUXNET has a broad bioclimatic coverage, with woodland/shrubland and temperate forest biomes especially well represented (80 % of the datasets). The measurements cover a wide variety of stand structural characteristics and plant sizes. The datasets encompass the period between 1995 and 2018, with 50 % of the datasets being at least 3 years long. Accompanying radiation and vapour pressure deficit data are available for most of the datasets, while on-site soil water content is available for 56 % of the datasets. Many datasets contain data for species that make up 90 % or more of the total stand basal area, allowing the estimation of stand transpiration in diverse ecological settings. SAPFLUXNET adds to existing plant trait datasets, ecosystem flux networks, and remote sensing products to help increase our understanding of plant water use, plant responses to drought, and ecohydrological processes. SAPFLUXNET version 0.1.5 is freely available from the Zenodo repository (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3971689; Poyatos et al., 2020a). The "sapfluxnetr" R package - designed to access, visualize, and process SAPFLUXNET data - is available from CRAN.Peer reviewe

Effects of off-pump and on-pump coronary-artery bypass grafting at 1 year

BACKGROUND: Previously, we reported that there was no significant difference at 30 days in the rate of a primary composite outcome of death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or new renal failure requiring dialysis between patients who underwent coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) performed with a beating-heart technique (off-pump) and those who underwent CABG performed with cardiopulmonary bypass (on-pump). We now report results on quality of life and cognitive function and on clinical outcomes at 1 year. METHODS: We enrolled 4752 patients with coronary artery disease who were scheduled to undergo CABG and randomly assigned them to undergo the procedure off-pump or on-pump. Patients were enrolled at 79 centers in 19 countries. We assessed quality of life and cognitive function at discharge, at 30 days, and at 1 year and clinical outcomes at 1 year. RESULTS: At 1 year, there was no significant difference in the rate of the primary composite outcome between off-pump and on-pump CABG (12.1% and 13.3%, respectively; hazard ratio with off-pump CABG, 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77 to 1.07; P=0.24). The rate of the primary outcome was also similar in the two groups in the period between 31 days and 1 year (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.55 to 1.13; P=0.19). The rate of repeat coronary revascularization at 1 year was 1.4% in the off-pump group and 0.8% in the on-pump group (hazard ratio, 1.66; 95% CI, 0.95 to 2.89; P=0.07). There were no significant differences between the two groups at 1 year in measures of quality of life or neurocognitive function. CONCLUSIONS: At 1 year after CABG, there was no significant difference between off-pump and on-pump CABG with respect to the primary composite outcome, the rate of repeat coronary revascularization, quality of life, or neurocognitive function. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research; CORONARY ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00463294.)

Violencia social y derechos humanos

Tabla de contenidos: Presentación. Reflexiones sobre la violencia / Inés Izaguirre -- I Parte: El proceso de construcción de los cuerpos vulnerables - 1. Violencia y pareja / Elina Aguiar -- 2. Violencia, ejercicio del mal “Con las mejores intenciones” / Alicia Diacovetzky de Carpman -- 3. Aportes para la reflexión acerca de la violencia perpetrada sobre los niños, niñas y adolescentes / Silvia Guemureman, Adriana Gugliotta -- 4. Sobre derechos reproductivos y su relación con la violencia social / Susana Checa, Martha I. Rosenberg -- II Parte: Violencia institucional: Las instituciones represoras -- 5. Violencia carcelaria y universidad / Alcira Daroqui -- 6. Teoría y práctica sobre la vida carcelaria / Ivonne Copetti -- 7. Violencia policial. De las prácticas rutinarias a los hechos extraordinarios / Sofía Tiscornia -- 8. Detenciones por averiguación de identidad: policías y prácticas rutinizadas / María Josefina Martínez, Gustavo Palmieri, María Victoria Pita -- 9. Violencia social y maltrato infantil en Argentina. Cómo afectaron a su crecimiento y desarrollo los cambios socioestructurales en los últimos años / María Inés Bringiotti -- III Parte: Violencia económica, violencia estatal, violencia social -- 10. Plan Cavallo, mito, expropiación y crisis / Pablo Rieznik -- 11. Desocupación y violencia / Ricardo R. Galliani, Ernestina Rosendo -- 12. Multipobrezas, violencia y educación / María Teresa Sirvent -- 13. Sociedad, Estado y violencia en Argentina. Aproximación teórica / Agustina Grigera, Ignacio Ubago Moreno, Luis Brajterman -- 14. Autoritarismo, sociedad y Estado en Argentina / María Virginia Ameztoy -- 15. Política migratoria, inmigración real y derechos humanos en la Argentina / Enrique Oteiza, Susana Novick, Roberto Aruj -- IV Parte Poder y violencia en Argentina: el genocidio -- 16. El desenvolvimiento del genocidio según los asistentes a la concentración de San Cayetano / Verónica Maceira, Edna Muleras, Ana Pereyra -- 17. Tucumán: la memoria social y la emergencia del Bussismo / Emilio Crenzel -- 18. Aproximaciones para una caracterización del antisemitismo del fin de siglo / Alejandro Kaufman -- 19. La desaparición forzada de personas como dispositivo de poder / Guillermo Maqueda -- 20. Presencias de la desaparición / Leonor Arfuch -- 21. Reapariciones / Tununa Mercado \nFil: Izaguirre, Inés. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani; Argentina.Fil: Ameztoy, María Virginia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Arfuch, Leonor. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani; Argentina.Fil: Aruj, Roberto. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani; Argentina.Fil: Brajterman, Luis. Universidad de Belgrano; Argentina.Fil: Bringiotti, María Inés. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; Argentina.Fil: Checa, Susana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Copetti, Ivonne. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina.Fil: Crenzel, Emilio. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani; Argentina.Fil: Daroqui, Alcira. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani; Argentina.Fil: Galliani, Ricardo R. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Grigera, Agustina. Universidad de Belgrano; Argentina.Fil: Guemureman, Silvia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani; Argentina.Fil: Kaufman, Alejandro. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani; Argentina.Fil: Maceira, Verónica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani; Argentina.Fil: Maqueda, Guillermo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Martínez, María Josefina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Ciencias Antropológicas; Argentina.Fil: Muleras, Edna. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani; Argentina.Fil: Novick, Susana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani; Argentina.Fil: Oteiza, Enrique. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani; Argentina.Fil: Pereyra, Ana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani; Argentina.Fil: Pita, María Victoria. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Ciencias Antropológicas; Argentina.Fil: Rieznik, Pablo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani; Argentina.Fil: Rosendo, Ernestina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani; Argentina.Fil: Sirvent, María Teresa. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.Fil: Tiscornia, Sofía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Ciencias Antropológicas; Argentina.Fil: Ubago Moreno, Ignacio. Universidad de Belgrano; Argentina.Tabla de contenidos: Presentación. Reflexiones sobre la violencia / Inés Izaguirre -- I Parte: El proceso de construcción de los cuerpos vulnerables - 1. Violencia y pareja / Elina Aguiar -- 2. Violencia, ejercicio del mal “Con las mejores intenciones” / Alicia Diacovetzky de Carpman -- 3. Aportes para la reflexión acerca de la violencia perpetrada sobre los niños, niñas y adolescentes / Silvia Guemureman, Adriana Gugliotta -- 4. Sobre derechos reproductivos y su relación con la violencia social / Susana Checa, Martha I. Rosenberg -- II Parte: Violencia institucional: Las instituciones represoras -- 5. Violencia carcelaria y universidad / Alcira Daroqui -- 6. Teoría y práctica sobre la vida carcelaria / Ivonne Copetti -- 7. Violencia policial. De las prácticas rutinarias a los hechos extraordinarios / Sofía Tiscornia -- 8. Detenciones por averiguación de identidad: policías y prácticas rutinizadas / María Josefina Martínez, Gustavo Palmieri, María Victoria Pita -- 9. Violencia social y maltrato infantil en Argentina. Cómo afectaron a su crecimiento y desarrollo los cambios socioestructurales en los últimos años / María Inés Bringiotti -- III Parte: Violencia económica, violencia estatal, violencia social -- 10. Plan Cavallo, mito, expropiación y crisis / Pablo Rieznik -- 11. Desocupación y violencia / Ricardo R. Galliani, Ernestina Rosendo -- 12. Multipobrezas, violencia y educación / María Teresa Sirvent -- 13. Sociedad, Estado y violencia en Argentina. Aproximación teórica / Agustina Grigera, Ignacio Ubago Moreno, Luis Brajterman -- 14. Autoritarismo, sociedad y Estado en Argentina / María Virginia Ameztoy -- 15. Política migratoria, inmigración real y derechos humanos en la Argentina / Enrique Oteiza, Susana Novick, Roberto Aruj -- IV Parte Poder y violencia en Argentina: el genocidio -- 16. El desenvolvimiento del genocidio según los asistentes a la concentración de San Cayetano / Verónica Maceira, Edna Muleras, Ana Pereyra -- 17. Tucumán: la memoria social y la emergencia del Bussismo / Emilio Crenzel -- 18. Aproximaciones para una caracterización del antisemitismo del fin de siglo / Alejandro Kaufman -- 19. La desaparición forzada de personas como dispositivo de poder / Guillermo Maqueda -- 20. Presencias de la desaparición / Leonor Arfuch -- 21. Reapariciones / Tununa Mercado \