Variation of NO2 and NOx concentrations between and within 36 European study areas: Results from the ESCAPE study

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SciPy 1.0: fundamental algorithms for scientific computing in Python.

SciPy is an open-source scientific computing library for the Python programming language. Since its initial release in 2001, SciPy has become a de facto standard for leveraging scientific algorithms in Python, with over 600 unique code contributors, thousands of dependent packages, over 100,000 dependent repositories and millions of downloads per year. In this work, we provide an overview of the capabilities and development practices of SciPy 1.0 and highlight some recent technical developments

Antimicrobial activity of propolis and essential oils and synergism between these natural products

In the present study, Apis mellifera propolis and essential oils (EOs) obtained from aromatic plants were evaluated as alternative antimicrobials. We aimed to establish the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) from Apis mellifera and of EOs from Caryophyllus aromaticus, Zingiber officinale, Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Mentha piperita against 32 Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli strains from human clinical specimens. The antimicrobials were diluted in agar and the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were found whereas MIC90% values were calculated. Time-kill curve assays using mixtures containing one quarter of MIC90% for EEP with all EOs as well cinnamon EO were performed. The cinnamon EO was found to be the most efficient, with MIC90% values of 1.22 and 0.96 mg x mL-1 respectively against S. aureus and E. coli, whereas MIC90% of EEP were 1.86 and 20.12 mg x mL-1 respectively against S. aureus and E. coli. The combinations of EEP with ginger and mint EOs, and cinnamon with ginger and clove EOs, showed synergistic effects. Consequently, further studies are necessary to confirm these activities in vivo and to evaluate the phytochemical characteristics of natural products. © CEVAP 2011.Department of Microbiology and Immunology Botucatu Biosciences Institute São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, São Paulo StateDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry Botucatu Biosciences Institute São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, São Paulo StateDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology Botucatu Biosciences Institute São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, São Paulo StateDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry Botucatu Biosciences Institute São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, São Paulo Stat

A comparative study on production of five soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cultivars

Verificou-se em condições de casa de vegetação as diferenças nos parâmetros de produtividade dos cultivares de soja Davis, IAC 73-228, PI 227.687, PI 171.451 e PI 229.358. Efetuou-se o plantio em vasos em 24/11/78, realizou-se os tratos culturais normais para a soja. Na colheita, em 30/04/79, determinou-se o peso do caule, numero de vagens, peso das vagens sem sementes, número de sementes, peso das sementes e peso de 100 sementes por planta de soja. 0 peso da matéria seca do caule mostrou-se superior na so ja \u27Davis\u27 em relação a \u27PI 171.451\u27. O número de vagens apresentou-se mais alto nos cultivares IAC 73-228 e PI 227.687, sendo que o número de sementes também revelou-se mais elevado nestes cultivares. 0 peso de 100 sementes mostrou-se mais alto no cultivar Davis.Under greenhouse conditions cultivars Davis, IAC 73-228, PI 227.687, PI 171.451, and PI 229.358 of soybean were compared. PI 171.451 showed lower dry weight of stem in relation to Davis. Higher pod numbers produced by PI 227-687, IAC 73-228, and PI 229. 358 as compared to Davis were observed. Cultivars PI 227.687 and IAC 73-228 produced larger seed numbers. A larger weight of 100 seeds in Davis, PI 229.358, and PI 171. 45I cultivars was observed. The last two cultivars are sources of resistance against pests of soybean