31 research outputs found
Longitudinal study of Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infection in a cohort of swine veterinarians in the United States
The nasal cavity microbiota of healthy adults
Abstract
Background
The microbiota of the nares has been widely studied. However, relatively few studies have investigated the microbiota of the nasal cavity posterior to the nares. This distinct environment has the potential to contain a distinct microbiota and play an important role in health.
Results
We obtained 35,142 high-quality bacterial 16S rRNA-encoding gene sequence reads from the nasal cavity and oral cavity (the dorsum of the tongue and the buccal mucosa) of 12 healthy adult humans and deposited these data in the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) (Bioproject: PRJNA248297). In our initial analysis, we compared the bacterial communities of the nasal cavity and the oral cavity from ten of these subjects. The nasal cavity bacterial communities were dominated by Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria and were statistically distinct from those on the tongue and buccal mucosa. For example, the same Staphylococcaceae operational taxonomic unit (OTU) was present in all of the nasal cavity samples, comprising up to 55% of the community, but Staphylococcaceae was comparatively uncommon in the oral cavity.
Conclusions
There are clear differences between nasal cavity microbiota and oral cavity microbiota in healthy adults. This study expands our knowledge of the nasal cavity microbiota and the relationship between the microbiota of the nasal and oral cavities.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/109547/1/40168_2014_Article_56.pd
Role of NPR1 and KYP in long-lasting induced resistance by beta-aminobutyric acid
Priming of defense increases the responsiveness of the plant immune system and can
provide broad-spectrum protection against disease. Recent evidence suggests that priming
of defense can be inherited epigenetically to following generations. However, the mechanisms
of long-lasting defense priming within one generation remains poorly understood.
Here, we have investigated the mechanistic basis of long-lasting induced resistance after
treatment with β-aminobutyric acid (BABA), an agent that mimics biologically induced
resistance phenomena. BABA-induced resistance (BABA-IR) is based on priming of salicylic
acid (SA)-dependent and SA-independent defenses. BABA-IR could be detected up to
28 days after treatment of wild-type Arabidopsis. This long-lasting component of the
induced resistance response requires the regulatory protein NPR1 and is associated with
priming of SA-inducible genes. In contrast, NPR1-independent resistance by BABA was
transient and had disappeared by 14 days after treatment. Chromatin immunoprecipitation
(ChIP) assays revealed no increased acetylation of histone H3K9 at promoters regions
of priming-responsive genes, indicating that this post-translational histone modification is
not critical for long-term transcriptional priming. Interestingly, the kyp-6 mutant, which
is affected in methyltransferase activity of H3K9, was blocked in long-lasting BABA-IR,
indicating a critical requirement of this post-translational histone modification in longlasting
BABA-IR. Considering that KYP suppresses gene transcription through methylation
of H3K9 and CpHpG DNA methylation, we propose that KYP enables long-term defense
gene priming by silencing suppressor genes of SA/NPR1-dependent genes
Genome-wide association study for refractive astigmatism reveals genetic co-determination with spherical equivalent refractive error : the CREAM consortium
Peer reviewe
Meta-analysis of gene-environment-wide association scans accounting for education level identifies additional loci for refractive error
Myopia is the most common human eye disorder and it results from complex genetic and environmental causes. The rapidly increasing prevalence of myopia poses a major public health challenge. Here, the CREAM consortium performs a joint meta-analysis to test single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) main effects and SNP x education interaction effects on refractive error in 40,036 adults from 25 studies of European ancestry and 10,315 adults from 9 studies of Asian ancestry. In European ancestry individuals, we identify six novel loci (FAM150B-ACP1, LINC00340, FBN1, DIS3L-MAP2K1, ARID2-SNAT1 and SLC14A2) associated with refractive error. In Asian populations, three genome-wide significant loci AREG, GABRR1 and PDE10A also exhibit strong interactions with education (P <8.5 x 10(-5)), whereas the interactions are less evident in Europeans. The discovery of these loci represents an important advance in understanding how gene and environment interactions contribute to the heterogeneity of myopia.Peer reviewe
Meta-analysis of gene-environment-wide association scans accounting for education level identifies additional loci for refractive error
L'autoportrait comme motif traditionnel dans l'art
Verhoeven R. L'autoportrait comme motif traditionnel dans l'art. In: Sciences Po Lille, ed. La tradition. Revue de recherche Petites PensÉes, Master Philosophie Politique Économie. Vol Dossier 2. Lille: Sciences Po Lille; 2018: 49-52