Management and economics of media and communication : history and definition of the field

This introductory chapter will define the field by describing the management and economics of media and communication as an interdisciplinary perspective that applies economic theory and methodology to assess whether media organizations efficiently reach their respective objectives also beyond profit maximization. A brief and selective history of the field will be provided before the characteristics that constitute media as economic goods are introduced, and it is considered how this affects media functions. Furthermore, an outline of the chapters in this volume will be presented

DnaK3 is involved in biogenesis and/or maintenance of thylakoid membrane protein complexes in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

DnaK3, a highly conserved cyanobacterial chaperone of the Hsp70 family, binds to cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes, and an involvement of dnak3 in the biogenesis of thylakoid membranes has been suggested. as shown here, light triggers synthesis of dnak3 in the cyanobacterium synechocystis sp. pcc 6803, which links dnak3 to the biogenesis of thylakoid membranes and to photosynthetic processes. in a dnak3 depleted strain, the photosystem content is reduced and the photosystem ii activity is impaired, whereas photosystem i is regular active. an impact of dnak3 on the activity of other thylakoid membrane complexes involved in electron transfer is indicated. in conclusion, dnak3 is a versatile chaperone required for biogenesis and/or maintenance of thylakoid membrane-localized protein complexes involved in electron transfer reactions. as mentioned above, hsp70 proteins are involved in photoprotection and repair of ps ii in chloroplasts

Rapid detection by hydrops panel of Noonan syndrome with PTPN11 mutation (p.Thr73Ile) and persistent thrombocytopenia

Background: Nonimmune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) is still a challenging diagnosis. The differential diagnosis is extensive and the success of identifying a cause depends on the thoroughness of efforts to establish a diagnosis. For the early diagnosis of NIHF, a virtual gene panel diagnostic tool was developed. The female premature baby in question was delivered via emergency cesarean at 30 1 weeks of gestational age (GA) due to rapidly developing NIHF to a healthy mother. The family history was noncontributory. Methods DNA of the family was extracted and sequenced by the virtual hydrops panel with whole-exome sequencing. Results: The hydrops panel revealed Noonan syndrome (NS) with a germline mutation in PTPN11 c.218C>T (p.Thr73Ile). Conclusion: The diagnosis of our patient was rapidly confirmed by the hydrops panel. The variant of c.218C>T (p.Thr73Ile) has not yet been described in literature relating to NIHF. Only a few case reports of this variant are known. This particular mutation is associated with Noonan syndrome, congenital heart defect and persistent thrombocytopenia. Few reveal juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia