Masculinidades em diálogo: Produção de sentido a partir de marcadores sociais da diferença

Neste estudo, investigou-se a produção de sentidos subjetivos em relação à identidade de gênero masculina. Quatro homens cisgêneros (26, 31, 32 e 37 anos), residentes e nascidos em cidades do sul do país, foram selecionados a partir de três marcadores sociais da diferença (orientação sexual, cor de pele e deficiência física) para a participação em um grupo focal, com duração de 1h e 30min. Três eixos analíticos foram explorados: 1) representações de masculinidades; 2) invisibilidade e sua relação com o modelo dominante de masculinidade; 3) visibilidade e sua relação com privilégios das masculinidades. A análise construtivo-interpretativa permitiu explorar zonas de sentido sobre a produção de diferenças em torno de um eixo naturalizado, que por sua vez produz opressões contra as quais os sujeitos reagem de diferentes formas. Compreendeu-se que o indivíduo não ocupa um lugar fixo de “opressor” ou “oprimido”, mas que essas instâncias se dão de forma contextual, localizada e intercambiável

Spray-dried mucoadhesives for intravesical drug delivery using N-acetylcysteine- and glutathione-glycol chitosan conjugates

This work describes N-acetylcysteine (NAC)- and glutathione (GSH)-glycol chitosan (GC) polymer conjugates engineered as potential platform useful to formulate micro-(MP) and nano-(NP) particles via spray-drying techniques. These conjugates are mucoadhesive over the range of urine pH, 5.0-7.0, which makes them advantageous for intravesical drug delivery and treatment of local bladder diseases. NAC- and GSH-GC conjugates were generated with a synthetic approach optimizing reaction times and purification in order to minimize the oxidation of thiol groups. In this way, the resulting amount of free thiol groups immobilized per gram of NAC-and GSH-GC conjugates was 6.3 and 3.6 mmol, respectively. These polymers were completely characterized by molecular weight, surface sulfur content, solubility at different pH values, substitution and swelling degree. Mucoadhesion properties were evaluated in artificial urine by turbidimetric and zeta (zeta)-potential measurements demonstrating good mucoadhesion properties, in particular for NAC-GC at pH 5.0. Starting from the thiolated polymers, MP and NP were prepared using both the Bidchi B-191 and Nano Buchi B-90 spray dryers, respectively. The resulting two formulations were evaluated for yield, size, oxidation of thiol groups and ex-vivo mucoadhesion. The new spray drying technique provided NP of suitable size (<1 mu m) for catheter administration, low degree of oxidation, and sufficient mucoadhesion property with 9% and 18% of GSH- and NAC-GC based NP retained on pig mucosa bladder after 3 h of exposure, respectively

A Novel PET Imaging Probe for the Detection and Monitoring of Translocator Protein 18 kDa Expression in Pathological Disorders

A new fluorine-substituted ligand, compound 1 (CB251), with a very high affinity (Ki = 0.27 ± 0.09 nM) and selectivity for the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO), is presented as an attractive biomarker for the diagnosis of neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration and tumour progression. To test compound 1 as a TSPO PET imaging agent in vivo, 2-(2-(4-(2-[18F]fluoroethoxy)phenyl)-6,8-dichloroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)-N,N-dipropylacetamide ([18F]1; [18F]CB251) was synthesized by nucleophilic aliphatic substitution in a single-step radiolabelling procedure with a 11.1 ± 3.5% (n = 14, decay corrected) radiochemical yield and over 99% radiochemical purity. In animal PET imaging studies, [18F]CB251 provided a clearly visible image of the inflammatory lesion with the binding potential of the specifically bound radioligand relative to the non-displaceable radioligand in tissue (BPND 1.83 ± 0.18), in a neuroinflammation rat model based on the unilateral stereotaxic injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), comparable to that of [11C]PBR28 (BPND 1.55 ± 0.41). [18F]CB251 showed moderate tumour uptake (1.96 ± 0.11%ID/g at 1 h post injection) in human glioblastoma U87-MG xenografts. These results suggest that [18F]CB251 is a promising TSPO PET imaging agent for neuroinflammation and TSPO-rich cancers

THE SDGs IN THE REPORTS OF THE ITALIAN COMPANIES. RESEARCH DOCUMENT N. 16

The document represents the first result of the study conducted by the research group "SDGs and business reporting" and aims to be the starting point of a process for corporate awareness towards sustainable development objectives. The document reveals our country commitment on Agenda 2030; a commitment that involves the entire "Italian system" in pursuit of the 17 sustainable development goals, through the active role of Italian companies as operators. Hence, it not only creates economic value on sustainable development but also it sensitize other companies, end users and the community in general. Although the results depict a sustainable development goals reporting in becoming and not entirely conscious, they provide inputs for entrepreneurs, directors, managers, regulators, consultants, etc. who, for various reasons, are the actors in a process of profound business change that is affecting the corporate reporting and disclosures. The document provides, in this context, useful hints to a better understanding the new corporate reporting direction; indeed, reporting is increasingly affected by an accountability process and responsibility towards both internal and external stakeholders

A functional gene expression analysis in epithelial sinonasal cancer: Biology and clinical relevance behind three histological subtypes

Epithelial sinonasal cancers (SNCs) are rare diseases with overlapping morphological features and a dismal prognosis. We aimed to investigate the expression differences among the histological subtypes for discerning their molecular characteristics. We selected 47 SNCs: (i) 21 nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinomas (NKSCCs), (ii) 13 sinonasal neuroendocrine cancers (SNECs), and (iii) 13 sinonasal undifferentiated cancers (SNUCs). Gene expression profiling was performed by DASL (cDNA-mediated annealing, selection, extension, and ligation) microarray analysis with internal validation by quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR). Relevant molecular patterns were uncovered by sparse partial-least squares discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA), microenvironment cell type (xCell), CIBERSORT, and gene set enrichment (GSEA) analyses. The first two sPLS-DA components stratified samples by histological subtypes. xCell highlighted increased expression of immune components (CD8 + effector memory cells, in SNUC) and \u201cother cells\u201d: keratinocytes and neurons in NKSCC and SNEC, respectively. Pathway enrichment was observed in NKSCC (six gene sets, proliferation related), SNEC (one gene set, pancreatic \u3b2-cells), and SNUC (twenty gene sets, some of them immune-system related). Major neuroendocrine involvement was observed in all the SNEC samples. Our high-throughput analysis revealed a good diagnostic ability to differentiate NKSCC, SNEC, and SNUC, but indicated that the neuroendocrine pathway, typical and pathognomonic of SNEC is also present at lower expression levels in the other two histological subtypes. The different and specific profiles may be exploited for elucidating their biology and could help to identify prognostic and therapeutic opportunities

GLI SDGs NEI REPORT DELLE IMPRESE ITALIANE. DOCUMENTI DI RICERCA N. 15

Il documento rappresenta il primo risultato dell\u2019attivit\ue0 di studio condotta dal gruppo di ricerca \u201cSDGs e reporting aziendale\u201d e intende costituire il punto di partenza di un percorso di sensibilizzazione aziendale verso gli obiettivi di sviluppo sostenibile. Le ragioni di un tale documento muovono dall\u2019impegno preso dal nostro paese su Agenda 2030, un impegno che coinvolge l\u2019intero \u201cSistema Italia\u201d nel perseguimento dei 17 obiettivi di sviluppo sostenibile, anche attraverso il ruolo attivo delle imprese italiane nella veste di operatori economici che oltre a creare valore sensibilizzano sullo sviluppo sostenibile altre aziende, consumatori finali e collettivit\ue0 in generale. I risultati a cui la ricerca giunge, pur fotografando un livello di rendicontazione in tema di obiettivi di sviluppo sostenibile in profondo divenire e non del tutto consapevole, forniscono elementi di utilit\ue0 per tutti coloro (imprenditori, amministratori, manager, organi di controllo, consulenti) che, a diverso titolo, sono attori di un processo di profondo cambiamento aziendale che sta interessando il corporate reporting e l\u2019informativa di bilancio. Il documento offre, in tale prospettiva, utili spunti per comprendere la giusta direzione verso cui sta andando la rendicontazione aziendale, una rendicontazione sempre pi\uf9 investita da un processo di accountability e, quindi, di responsabilizzazione verso stakeholder interni ed esterni

Currículo e Didática da Tradução: vontade, criação e crítica

Resumo: Em meio à categoria profissional dos professores, o texto interroga o que nos leva a educar e a prosseguir educando; qual é o motor político e a alegria subjetiva da nossa profissão; qual é a força de trabalho que traz vitalidade às nossas existências? Desde a filosofia da diferença, e como resultado de uma pesquisa de teor ensaístico-factual, posiciona-se na perspectiva nietzschiana da vontade de potência, constituída por problemáticas acerca da especificidade da disposição e do impulso de uma docência afirmativa, autoral e criadora. Com o método do jogo de dados, mostra, em suas relações, um currículo tradutor e uma didática da tradução, como processos transcriadores da civilização, das culturas e de nós próprios

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Nuovi Approcci per il Confronto di Metriche Chimiche e Biologiche su Filtri di Particolato Atmosferico

none7noSono state analizzate differenti metodologie biologiche e chimiche per identificare i principali parametri responsabili della tossicità di campioni di PM10 rilevati presso il Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica dell’Università del Salento (Lecce). Il test di inibizione della bioluminescenza da parte della specie batterica Vibrio fischeri è stato utilizzato per determinare l’ecotossicità, mentre la procedura SOS Chromotest, basata su un ceppo geneticamente ingegnerizzato della specie batterica Escherichia coli contenente il gene reporter lacZ, è stata adoperata per valutare la genotossicità. Il potenziale ossidativo è un parametro che permette di valutare gli effetti tossici dovuti all’induzione di stress ossidativo. Esso è stato misurato sui campioni di PM10 mediante i metodi acellulari del ditiotreitolo (DTT) e dell’acido ascorbico (AA) oltre alla concentrazione in massa dei principali composti chimici (OC, EC, Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, NO2-, NO3-, SO42-, MS-, Al, Ba, Cd, Cu, Fe, La, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, Sr, Ti e V).mixedSalvatore Romano, Maria Rita Perrone, Silvia Becagli, Maria Chiara Pietrogrande, Mara Russo, Roberto Caricato, Maria Giulia LionettoRomano, Salvatore; Rita Perrone, Maria; Becagli, Silvia; Pietrogrande, Maria Chiara; Russo, Mara; Caricato, Roberto; Giulia Lionetto, Mari

S-preactivated thiolated glycol chitosan useful to combine mucoadhesion and drug delivery

This work describes S-preactivated N-acetylcysteine (NAC)- and glutathione (GSH)-glycol chitosan (GC) polymer conjugates engineered as potential mucoadhesive platform. Preactivated thiomers (GC-NAC-MNA, GC-GSH-MNA) were synthesized by bond formation between GC-NAC or GC-GSH and 2-mercaptonicotinic acid (MNA) used as ligand. The presence of protected thiol moieties on this new class of thiolated GC made them not subject to oxidation. The structural modifications of the resulting derivatives were confirmed by proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) and Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC). The conjugates displayed 91.2% and 90.1% of S-preactivation for GC-NAC-MNA and GC-GSH-MNA, respectively. The polymers were tested in ex-vivo and in vitro for their mucoadhesive properties and toxicity. The results showed that the preactivation of GC-NAC and GC-GSH increased their mucoadhesive abilities compared to their thiolated precursors by 1.4-, 4.4-fold in time of adhesion evaluated using rotating cylinder method, 1.6-, 1.5-fold in total work of adhesion (TWA) and 2.0-, 1.3-fold in maximum detachment force (MDA) determined using tensile studies, respectively. Moreover, water-uptake studies showed an improved in weight indicating water-uptake strongly dependent on derivations, before erosion occurred, whereas disintegration took place for the thiolated polymers within the first hour. The S-preactivated modification did not affect the cell viability of Caco2 cells exposed to the polymers. The release of the model drug sodium naproxen from tablets prepared with a lyophilized mixture of drug and polymer was studied via dissolution apparatus revealing that the preactivation on GC-GSH and GC-NAC involves a slowdown in the drug release rate. The results shown that the novel preactivated thiolated GC-derivatives can be considered promising excipients for the development of mucoadhesive drug delivery systems