Simulation of Doxorubicin Delivery via Glucosamine(ethylene glycol) Carrier

This article focuses on the molecular modeling of the release of doxorubicin from capsules composed of glucosamine(ethylene glycol) oligomers. Doxorubicin forms micelle structures with glucosamine(ethylene glycol), and the drug release mechanism can be studied through the modeling of oligomeric bond breaking under acidic, neutral, or basic conditions. Under these conditions, the activation energies were calculated to be 145.51, 135.78, and 287.60 kcal/mol, respectively, at the B3LYP/6-31G//PM3 level. Based on these values, doxorubicin can be released into acidic and neutral solutions but not into basic solution. Ethylene glycol chain length in glucosamine(ethylene glycol) also effects drug release. As the length of ethylene glycol increases, the amount of drug released increases under acidic conditions, but decreases under neutral and basic conditions. When the drug is released from glucosamine(ethylene glycol) oligomers, the drug molecule and glucosamine(ethylene glycol) molecules form a micelle structure. Studies found that, as the length of the ethylene glycol chains increases, the micelle structure is more easily formed. The ethylene glycol group can deliver doxorubicin to cancer cells in micelle form

Kitozanski umetci za periodontitis: Utjecaj količine lijeka, plastifikatora i umrežavanja na oslobađanje metronidazola in vitro

Chitosan based metronidazole (MZ) inserts were fabricated by the casting method and characterized with respect to mass and thickness uniformity, metronidazole loading and in vitro metronidazole release kinetics. The fabricated inserts exhibited satisfactory physical characteristics. The mass of inserts was in the range of 5.63 ± 0.42 to 6.04 ± 0.89 mg. The thickness ranged from 0.46 ± 0.06 to 0.49 ± 0.08 mm. Metronidazole loading was in the range of 0.98 ± 0.09 to 1.07 ± 0.07 mg except for batch CM3 with MZ loading of 2.01 ± 0.08 mg. The inserts exhibited an initial burst release at the end of 24 h, irrespective of the drug to polymer ratio, plasticizer content or cross-linking. However, further drug release was sustained over the next 6 days. Cross-linking with 10% (m/m) of glutaraldehyde inhibited the burst release by ~30% and increased the mean dissolution time (MDT) from 0.67 to 8.59 days. The decrease in drug release was a result of reduced permeability of chitosan due to cross-linking.Umetci metronidazola na bazi kitozana napravljeni su kasting metodom. Proučavana je ujednačenost mase i debljine, količina ljekovite tvari i kinetika oslobađanja metronidazola in vitro. Fizičke karakteristike umetaka bile su zadovoljavajuće: masa je bila u rasponu 5,63 ± 0,42 – 6,04 ± 0,89 mg, debljina od 0.46 ± 0.06 – 0.49 ± 0.08 mm with, količina metronidazola od 0,98 ± 0,09 – 1,07 ± 0,07 mg. Nakon 24 h iz svih umetaka, neovisno o omjeru ljekovite tvari i polimera, količini plastifikatora ili umrežavanju, dio metronidazola se naglo oslobodio. Međutim, daljnje oslobađanje je bilo polagano tijekom 6 dana. Umrežavanje s 10% (m/m) otopinom glutaraldehida spriječilo je naglo oslobađanje za ~30% i povećalo je srednje vrijeme oslobađanja (MDT) s 0,67 na 8,59 dana. Smanjenje u oslobađanju ljekovite tvari posljedica je smanjenja permeabilnosti umreženog kitozana

Anti-allergic activity of Thai medicinal plants used in longevity formulation

The ethanolic (EtOH) and water extracts of six plants including Piper nigrum, Streblus asper, Cyperus rotundus, Tinospora crispa, Diospyros rhodocalyx and Albizia procera used in Thai traditional longevity formulation, were examined for anti-allergic activity on antigen-induced b-hexosaminidase release from RBL-2H3 cells (rat-basophilic leukemia cell line), a tumor analog of mast cell. It was revealed that Piper nigrum (EtOH) extract exhibited the most potent activity with an IC50 value of 14.0 μg/ml, which was higher than that of ketotifen fumarate, a positive control IC50 = 20.2 μg/ml). It was also found that the preparations of Piper-Diospyros (EtOH) and Piper-Tinospora (EtOH) in the ratio of 1 : 1 appreciably inhibited antigen-induced degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells with IC50 values of 23.5 and 26.7 μg/ml, respectively. The antiallergic effects of these two preparations were higher than that of the original longevity formulation (IC50 = 66.6 μg/ml)