Desarrollo de la competencia de interpretaci?n a traves del genero narrativo ?cuentos fant?sticos? en los estudiantes del grado quinto del Colegio Mayor del Castillo de Melgar Tolima, tomando como referencia el contexto escolar

104 p. Recurso Electr?nicoLa presente investigaci?n busca que los estudiantes de grado quinto del Colegio Mayor del Castillo, fortalezcan la producci?n textual por medio del g?nero narrativo ?cuentos fant?sticos?, ya que en cuanto a comprensi?n y producci?n de textos se refiere, se da la convicci?n a trav?s del proceso de observaci?n con indiferencia y apat?a en el ?rea de lengua castellana, puesto que los estudiantes de este grado no sienten agrado al leer cualquier texto, y mucho menos tener que interpretarlo; se realiza una serie de talleres donde se vinculan grados de dificultad, a trav?s de los mismos se generan inc?gnitas de como contribuir a este grado una mayor comprensi?n e interpretaci?n. La propuesta se hinc? en la ejecuci?n de talleres pedag?gicos como estrategia did?ctica para fortalecer el proceso de producci?n textual y contribuir a la competencia interpretativa, donde se tuvo en cuenta la planificaci?n, contextualizaci?n y la revisi?n continua de dicho proceso. Observar el conjunto de evidencias en cuanto se inici? la investigaci?n muestra la deficiencia interpretativa, y desconocimiento a la producci?n textual de cuentos fant?sticos, a los resultados finales han sido realmente satisfactorios, es decir que de forma constante se manejaron distintas estrategias, permitiendo que los estudiantes desarrollaran una visi?n interpretativa para fortalecer el desarrollo de las capacidades comunicativas incorporando la l?dica, tomando como referencia, las experiencias vividas, reflejando el gran avance, fortaleciendo as? la competencia interpretativa a lo largo de la investigaci?n, en la orientaci?n y aplicaci?n de los talleres forjados en producci?n textual de calidad, con l?xico enriquecido la cual asemejan a las experiencias de su entorno inmediato.The present research seeks that the fifth grade students of the Castillo High School, strengthen the textual production through the narrative genre "fantastic stories", since in terms of understanding and production of texts is referred, conviction is given through Process of observation with indifference and apathy in the area of Castilian language, since students of this grade do not enjoy reading any text, let alone having to interpret it; There is a series of workshops where degrees of difficulty are linked, through which they generate unknowns of how to contribute to this degree a greater understanding and interpretation. The proposal focused on the execution of pedagogical workshops as a didactic strategy to strengthen the textual production process and contribute to the interpretative competence, which took into account the planning, contextualization and continuous revision of said process. Observing the set of evidences as soon as the research began showed the interpretative deficiency, and ignorance of the textual production of fantastic stories, the final results have been really satisfactory, that is to say that different strategies were constantly handled, allowing the students Develop an interpretive vision to strengthen the development of communicative capacities incorporating the playful, taking as a reference, the lived experiences, reflecting the great advance, thus strengthening the interpretative competence throughout the investigation, in the orientation and application of the forged workshops In quality textual production, with enriched lexicon which resemble the experiences of their immediate environment. Keyworks: Textual production, pedagogical workshops, textual production

Circulating microRNAs in sera correlate with soluble biomarkers of immune activation but do not predict mortality in ART treated individuals with HIV-1 infection: A case control study

Introduction: The use of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has dramatically reduced HIV-1 associated morbidity and mortality. However, HIV-1 infected individuals have increased rates of morbidity and mortality compared to the non-HIV-1 infected population and this appears to be related to end-organ diseases collectively referred to as Serious Non-AIDS Events (SNAEs). Circulating miRNAs are reported as promising biomarkers for a number of human disease conditions including those that constitute SNAEs. Our study sought to investigate the potential of selected miRNAs in predicting mortality in HIV-1 infected ART treated individuals. Materials and Methods: A set of miRNAs was chosen based on published associations with human disease conditions that constitute SNAEs. This case: control study compared 126 cases (individuals who died whilst on therapy), and 247 matched controls (individuals who remained alive). Cases and controls were ART treated participants of two pivotal HIV-1 trials. The relative abundance of each miRNA in serum was measured, by RTqPCR. Associations with mortality (all-cause, cardiovascular and malignancy) were assessed by logistic regression analysis. Correlations between miRNAs and CD4+ T cell count, hs-CRP, IL-6 and D-dimer were also assessed. Results: None of the selected miRNAs was associated with all-cause, cardiovascular or malignancy mortality. The levels of three miRNAs (miRs -21, -122 and -200a) correlated with IL-6 while miR-21 also correlated with D-dimer. Additionally, the abundance of miRs -31, -150 and -223, correlated with baseline CD4+ T cell count while the same three miRNAs plus miR- 145 correlated with nadir CD4+ T cell count. Discussion: No associations with mortality were found with any circulating miRNA studied. These results cast doubt onto the effectiveness of circulating miRNA as early predictors of mortality or the major underlying diseases that contribute to mortality in participants treated for HIV-1 infection

Development and Validation of a Risk Score for Chronic Kidney Disease in HIV Infection Using Prospective Cohort Data from the D:A:D Study

Ristola M. on työryhmien DAD Study Grp ; Royal Free Hosp Clin Cohort ; INSIGHT Study Grp ; SMART Study Grp ; ESPRIT Study Grp jäsen.Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health issue for HIV-positive individuals, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Development and implementation of a risk score model for CKD would allow comparison of the risks and benefits of adding potentially nephrotoxic antiretrovirals to a treatment regimen and would identify those at greatest risk of CKD. The aims of this study were to develop a simple, externally validated, and widely applicable long-term risk score model for CKD in HIV-positive individuals that can guide decision making in clinical practice. Methods and Findings A total of 17,954 HIV-positive individuals from the Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) study with >= 3 estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values after 1 January 2004 were included. Baseline was defined as the first eGFR > 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 after 1 January 2004; individuals with exposure to tenofovir, atazanavir, atazanavir/ritonavir, lopinavir/ritonavir, other boosted protease inhibitors before baseline were excluded. CKD was defined as confirmed (>3 mo apart) eGFR In the D:A:D study, 641 individuals developed CKD during 103,185 person-years of follow-up (PYFU; incidence 6.2/1,000 PYFU, 95% CI 5.7-6.7; median follow-up 6.1 y, range 0.3-9.1 y). Older age, intravenous drug use, hepatitis C coinfection, lower baseline eGFR, female gender, lower CD4 count nadir, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) predicted CKD. The adjusted incidence rate ratios of these nine categorical variables were scaled and summed to create the risk score. The median risk score at baseline was -2 (interquartile range -4 to 2). There was a 1: 393 chance of developing CKD in the next 5 y in the low risk group (risk score = 5, 505 events), respectively. Number needed to harm (NNTH) at 5 y when starting unboosted atazanavir or lopinavir/ritonavir among those with a low risk score was 1,702 (95% CI 1,166-3,367); NNTH was 202 (95% CI 159-278) and 21 (95% CI 19-23), respectively, for those with a medium and high risk score. NNTH was 739 (95% CI 506-1462), 88 (95% CI 69-121), and 9 (95% CI 8-10) for those with a low, medium, and high risk score, respectively, starting tenofovir, atazanavir/ritonavir, or another boosted protease inhibitor. The Royal Free Hospital Clinic Cohort included 2,548 individuals, of whom 94 individuals developed CKD (3.7%) during 18,376 PYFU (median follow-up 7.4 y, range 0.3-12.7 y). Of 2,013 individuals included from the SMART/ESPRIT control arms, 32 individuals developed CKD (1.6%) during 8,452 PYFU (median follow-up 4.1 y, range 0.6-8.1 y). External validation showed that the risk score predicted well in these cohorts. Limitations of this study included limited data on race and no information on proteinuria. Conclusions Both traditional and HIV-related risk factors were predictive of CKD. These factors were used to develop a risk score for CKD in HIV infection, externally validated, that has direct clinical relevance for patients and clinicians to weigh the benefits of certain antiretrovirals against the risk of CKD and to identify those at greatest risk of CKD.Peer reviewe

Circulating microRNAs in sera correlate with soluble biomarkers of immune activation but do not predict mortality in ART treated individuals with HIV-1 infection: A case control study

10.1371/journal.pone.0139981PLoS ONE1010e013998

Interleukin-2 therapy in patients with HIV infection

Collaboratore per la suddetta ricerca multicentrica in quanto membro del INSIGHT-ESPRIT Study Grou