Talking about the same but different? Understanding social movement and trade union cooperation through social movement and industrial relations theories

In the context of continuing political, social, and economic crises, trade unions in most European countries are seen as weakened, protest as having little influence, and the solidarity between European populations as damaged. Under these circumstances, scientists and practitioners have placed hope in the cooperation of social movements and trade unions in order to revitalise trade unions and achieve common goals. However, the conditions for forming alliances between trade unions and social movement organisations have, thus far, been primarily researched, and partially theorised, from the point of view of different disciplines. In doing so, approaches that emphasise the strategic alignment with resources and context diverge from approaches that highlight the relevance and necessity of shared ideologies or identities. This contribution aims to bring existing approaches from movement and industrial relations research into dialogue with each other and calls for a further integration of both perspectives. It contributes to a more holistic understanding of joint movement and trade union action current concepts such as social movement unionism cannot provide. It uses two examples to show that instrumental, strategy-driven modes and identity-based, culturally-driven modes of cooperation are not contradictory. There are situations in which strategic decisions on resources and political influence are more decisive than ideological proximity and vice versa. These findings are of social and scientific relevance for understanding mechanisms of solidarity construction and processes of bridging differences even in increasingly fragmented and unequal societies.Im Kontext anhaltender politischer, sozialer und ökonomischer Krisen gelten Gewerkschaften in den meisten europäischen Ländern als geschwächt, Protest als wenig einflussreich und der Zusammenhalt zwischen europäischen Bevölkerungen als beschädigt. Um Gewerkschaften zu revitalisieren und gemeinsame Ziele zu erreichen, wird von Wissenschaft und Praxis Hoffnung in die Kooperation von sozialen Bewegungen und Gewerkschaften gesetzt. Allerdings wurden die Entstehungsbedingungen von Allianzen zwischen Gewerkschaften und sozialen Bewegungsorganisationen bisher nur aus der Sicht der jeweiligen Disziplin erforscht und theoretisiert. Dabei stehen sich Ansätze gegenüber, die entweder strategische Ausrichtung auf Ressourcen und Kontext betonen oder die Relevanz und Notwendigkeit geteilter Ideologien oder Identitäten hervorheben. Dieser Artikel bringt Bewegungs- und industrielle Beziehungsforschung miteinander in Dialog und fordert eine Integration beider Ansätze. Er leistet damit einen Beitrag zu einem holistischeren Verständnis von gemeinsamem Bewegungs- und Gewerkschaftshandeln, was von bisherigen Konzepten wie dem "social movement unionism" nicht geleistet wird. An zwei Beispielen zeigt der Beitrag, dass instrumentelle, strategie-zentrierte und kulturbezogene, identitätsbasierte Kooperation keine Gegensätze sind. Es gibt jedoch Situationen, in denen strategische Entscheidungen über Ressourcen und politischen Einfluss entscheidender sind als ideologische Nähe und vice versa. Erkenntnisse über Mechanismen der Solidarisierung und Überbrückung von Unterschieden sind gerade in zunehmend fragmentierten Gesellschaften von wissenschaftlicher und gesellschaftlicher Bedeutung

Sorption and mobility of thiabendazole in a Brazilian Oxisol

Thiabendazole is a benzimidazole class drug that is widely used due to its vermifugal and fungicidal properties. The present study investigates the behaviour of TBZ in the A and B horizons of a Red-Yellow Latosol typical of southern Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Adsorption and desorption assays were performed under different pH conditions (3.0, 4.2-5.1, and 8.5) and a leaching study was conducted using soil columns. The results demonstrated that the behaviour of TBZ in the soil was influenced by the pH, soil organic matter and clay content. The Freundlich constants  indicated that the adsorption capacities for horizons A and B were high (50-149 mg1-1/n.L1/n.kg-1) and low (0-24 mg1-1/n.L1/n.kg-1), respectively. The leaching study results indicated that for both horizons, TBZ presented higher sorption in the initial fractions of the column (0-2 cm), and that the B horizon had a lower adsorption capacity, compared to the A horizon.O tiabendazol é um medicamento da classe benzimidazois amplamente utilizado devido às suas propriedades vermífugas e fungicidas. O presente estudo investiga o comportamento da TBZ nos horizontes A e B de um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo típico do sul de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os ensaios de adsorção e dessorção foram realizados sob diferentes condições de pH (3,0, 4,2-5,1 e 8,5) e o estudo de lixiviação foi realizado utilizando colunas de solo. Os resultados demonstraram que o comportamento da TBZ no solo foi influenciado pelo pH, conteúdo de matéria orgânica e teor de argila do solo. As constantes de Freundlich indicaram que as capacidades de adsorção para os horizontes A e B foram altas (50-149 mg1-1/n.L1/n.kg-1) e baixas (0-24 mg1-1/n.L1/n.kg-1), respectivamente. No estudo de lixiviação o TBZ apresentou maior sorção nas frações iniciais da coluna (0-2 cm), em ambos os horizontes. Além disso, o horizonte B apresentou menor capacidade de adsorção em comparação ao horizonte A, indicando maior mobilidade do TBZ neste perfil do solo

eine Befragung von Vereinen und Initiativen

Das Working Paper präsentiert Ergebnisse einer Organisationsbefragung zur Auswirkung der COVID-19 Pandemie auf Vereine und Initiativen in Deutschland. Die Studie zeigt, dass die Zivilgesellschaft mit großer Wucht getroffen wurde. Viele Organisationen mussten ihre Aktivitäten einschränken oder ganz einstellen. Dennoch zeigen die Ergebnisse ebenfalls, dass sich bestimmte Organisationsformen besser anpassen und ihre Handlungsfähigkeit aufrechterhalten konnten. Dies könnte nachhaltige Auswirkungen auf die Struktur der post-pandemischen Zivilgesellschaft in Deutschland haben

NEAR: A New Station to Study Neutron-Induced Reactions of Astrophysical Interest at CERN-n_TOF

We present NEAR, a new experimental area at the CERN-n_TOF facility and a possible setup for cross section measurements of interest to nuclear astrophysics. This was recently realized with the aim of performing spectral-averaged neutron-capture cross section measurements by means of the activation technique. The recently commissioned NEAR station at n_TOF is now ready for the physics program, which includes a preliminary benchmark of the proposed idea. Based on the results obtained by dedicated Monte Carlo simulations and calculation, a suitable filtering of the neutron beam is expected to enable measurements of Maxwellian Averaged Cross Section (MACS) at different temperatures. To validate the feasibility of these studies we plan to start the measurement campaign by irradiating several isotopes whose MACS at different temperatures have recently been or are planned to be determined with high accuracy at n_TOF, as a function of energy in the two time-of-flight measurement stations. For instance, the physical cases of 88Sr(n,γ ), 89Y(n,γ ), 94Zr(n,γ ) and 64Ni(n,γ ) are discussed. As the neutron capture on 89Y produces a pure β -decay emitter, we plan to test the possibility to perform activation measurements on such class of isotopes as well. The expected results of these measurements would open the way to challenging measurements of MACS by the activation technique at n_TOF, for rare and/or exotic isotopes of interest for nuclear astrophysic

NÍVEIS DE RACTOPAMINA E SUA INFLUÊNCIA SOBRE O DESEMPENHO E CARACTERÍSTICAS DE CARCAÇA DE SUÍNOS EM TERMINAÇÃO

Aumentar a quantidade de carne na carcaça de suínos tem sido o objetivo não somente da indústria, como também do produtor de suínos, uma vez que melhora a rentabilidade e diminui os custos de produção. Neste sentido, objetivou-se com essa pesquisa avaliar o desempenho e as características de carcaça de suínos em terminação suplementados com diferentes níveis de ractopamina na dieta. Foram utilizados 60 suínos (30 machos castrados e 30 fêmeas), com peso inicial médio de 75,0 Kg alojados em baias de piso parcialmente ripado. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com três níveis de ractopamina – 0, 5 e 10 ppm, totalizando três tratamentos e dez repetições, com dois animais (um macho e uma fêmea) por baia (parcela experimental). Foram realizadas análises de desempenho (peso final, ganho de peso médio diário, consumo de ração médio diário e conversão alimentar) e de qualidade de carcaça (rendimento de carcaça, rendimento de carne na carcaça, espessura de toucinho e profundidade de lombo). A suplementação de 10 ppm de ractopamina na dieta de suínos em terminação aumentou o rendimento de carne na carcaça e reduziu a espessura de toucinho. Assim, conclui-se que a suplementação de 10 ppm de ractopamina na dieta de suínos em terminação melhora as características de carcaça

DESEMPENHO E QUALIDADE DE CARCAÇA DE SUÍNOS MACHOS CASTRADOS, FÊMEAS E MACHOS IMUNOCASTRADOS DE DIFERENTES POTENCIAIS GENÉTICOS

Considerando o crescimento da imunocastração de suínos no Brasil e a carência de informações de seu efeito nas diferentes linhagens e cruzamentos comerciais, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o desempenho e a qualidade de carcaça de suínos de 70 a 150 dias de diferentes categorias sexuais e diferentes origens genéticas. Os machos reprodutores utilizados foram o PIET (com predominância da genética Pietrain) e o DLPH (proporção semelhante de Hampshire, Duroc, Large White, Pietrain). Foram utilizados 20 animais de cada categoria, com peso médio inicial de 25,0 kg alojados em baias de piso de concreto. Foi utilizado um delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados em arranjo fatorial 3 x 2 (três categorias sexuais – fêmeas, machos castrados e machos imunocastrados - e duas origens genéticas), totalizando seis tratamentos e cinco repetições, com dois animais por baia (parcela experimental). Os suínos DLPH apresentaram menor (

Formar bem as mães para criar e educar boas crianças: as revistas portuguesas de educação familiar e a difusão da maternidade científica (1945-1958)

Este artigo tem como principal objetivo contribuir para a compreensão do processo de construção da maternidade científica em Portugal. Neste sentido, foi analisado um conjunto de artigos (n=628), publicados em revistas de educação familiar, entre 1945 e 1958. A análise realizada permitiu compreender que as revistas analisadas contribuem para a difusão da maternidade científica, ou seja, da ideia de que a aquisição de conhecimento científico sobre a criação e educação das crianças é elemento indispensável ao adequado exercício da função maternal. Observou-se, ainda, a existência de diferentes estratégias de educação para a maternidade, às quais está subjacente um elemento de classe, assim como diferentes níveis de adesão, por parte das mulheres, à concepção de maternidade científica

New records of rare species in the Mediterranean Sea (May 2020)

This Collective Article presents information about 17 taxa belonging to four Phyla (one Cnidaria, two Arthropoda, four Mollusca, and ten Chordata) and extending from the Western Mediterranean to the Levantine Sea. The new records were reported from nine countries as follows: Algeria: first published records of the clingfishes Apletodon dentatus and Lepadogaster lepadogaster after 1955; France: first record of the tripletail Lobotes surinamensis in French Mediterranean waters; Italy: new records of the rare bonito Orcynopsis unicolor and the recently described nudibranch Elysia rubeni from Sicily; first records of the parasitic cirriped Sacculina eriphiae and the nudibranch Dondice trainitoi in the Ionian Sea; first record of the nudibranch Taringa tritorquis in the Mediterranean Sea; first record of the tripletail Lobotes surinamensis in the North Ionian Sea; first documented record of the cephalopod Macrotritopus defilippi in the Adriatic Sea; Slovenia: first record of the Mediterranean endemic cryptobenthic goby Odondebuenia balearica; Montenegro: several recent occurrences of the critically endangered bull ray Aetomylaeus bovinus in the South-eastern Adriatic Sea; Greece: records of the nudibranch Dondice trainitoi in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea; new record of the occurrence of the Mediterranean spearfish Tetrapturus belone from Greece (Rhodes Island); Turkey: recent captures of the vulnerable ocean sunfish Mola mola, caught by purse-seine, in the Aegean Sea and the Dardanelles; new record of the luvar Luvarus imperialis along the Aegean coast of Turkey; Cyprus: first record of the habitat-forming hydroid Lytocarpia myriophyllum, often in considerable densities; first confirmed record of the agujon needlefish Tylosurus imperialis; Syria: first record of the decapod Ethusa mascarone

Marine Strategy Framework Directive - Descriptor 2, Non-Indigenous Species, Delivering solid recommendations for setting threshold values for non-indigenous species pressure on European seas

Marine Non-Indigenous Species (NIS) are animals and plants introduced accidently or deliberately into the European seas, originating from other seas of the globe. About 800 marine non-indigenous species (NIS) currently occur in the European Union national marine waters, several of which have negative impacts on marine ecosystem services and biodiversity. Under the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) Descriptor 2 (D2), EU Member States (MSs) need to consider NIS in their marine management strategies. The Descriptor D2 includes one primary criterion (D2C1: new NIS introductions), and two secondary criteria (D2C2 and D2C3). The D2 implementation is characterized by a number of issues and uncertainties which can be applicable to the Descriptor level (e.g. geographical unit of assessment, assessment period, phytoplanktonic, parasitic, oligohaline NIS, etc.), to the primary criterion D2C1 level (e.g. threshold values, cryptogenic, questionable species, etc), and to the secondary criteria D2C2 and D2C3. The current report tackles these issues and provides practical recommendations aiming at a smoother and more efficient implementation of D2 and its criteria at EU level. They constitute a solid operational output which can result in more comparable D2 assessments among MSs and MSFD regions/subregions. When it comes to the policy-side, the current report calls for a number of different categories of NIS to be reported in D2 assessments, pointing the need for the species to be labelled/categorised appropriately in the MSFD reporting by the MSs. These suggestions are proposed to be communicated to the MSFD Working Group of Good Environmental Status (GES) and subsequently to the Marine Strategy Coordination Group (MSCG) of MSFD. Moreover, they can serve as an input for revising the Art. 8 Guidelines

Unpublished Mediterranean records of marine alien and cryptogenic species

Good datasets of geo-referenced records of alien species are a prerequisite for assessing the spatio-temporal dynamics of biological invasions, their invasive potential, and the magnitude of their impacts. However, with the exception of first records on a country level or wider regions, observations of species presence tend to remain unpublished, buried in scattered repositories or in the personal databases of experts. Through an initiative to collect, harmonize and make such unpublished data for marine alien and cryptogenic species in the Mediterranean Sea available, a large dataset comprising 5376 records was created. It includes records of 239 alien or cryptogenic taxa (192 Animalia, 24 Plantae, 23 Chromista) from 19 countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. In terms of records, the most reported Phyla in descending order were Chordata, Mollusca, Chlorophyta, Arthropoda, and Rhodophyta. The most recorded species was Caulerpa cylindracea, followed by Siganus luridus, Magallana sp. (cf. gigas or angulata) and Pterois miles. The dataset includes records from 1972 to 2020, with the highest number of records observed in 2018. Among the records of the dataset, Dictyota acutiloba is a first record for the Mediterranean Sea. Nine first country records are also included: the alga Caulerpa taxifolia var. distichophylla, the cube boxfish Ostracion cubicus, and the cleaner shrimp Urocaridella pulchella from Israel; the sponge Paraleucilla magna from Libya and Slovenia; the lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus from Cyprus; the bryozoan Celleporaria vermiformis and the polychaetes Prionospio depauperata and Notomastus aberans from Malta