155 research outputs found
Histopathology of Incidental Findings in Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca Fascicularis) Used in Toxicity Studies
The purpose of our publication is to widely communicate pictures of spontaneous findings
occurring in cynomolgus monkeys. Focal lymphoplasmacytic infiltration is commonly seen in
the general organs. The frequency and severity of these lesions may be influenced by the
administration of drugs with an effect on the immune system. Lymphoplasmacytic
infiltration in the lamina propria of the stomach is also frequently seen in cynomolgus
monkeys, and it is caused mainly by a Helicobacter pylori infection.
Various degrees of brown pigments are observed in various organs, and it is possible to
distinguish the material of the pigments by its morphological features and site. A
focal/segmental glomerular lesion is occasionally seen in a section of the kidney, and the
minimal lesion has no influence on the urinalysis. We showed the common glomerular lesions
in HE-stained sections, as well as in PAM- or PAS-stained sections, for understanding the
details. Young and pubertal monkeys are usually used in toxicity studies; therefore,
understanding various maturation stages of the genital system is important. In particular,
the female genital system needs to be understood in the morphology, because their cyclic
changes are different from other laboratory animals. Thus, we present the normal features
of the cyclic changes of the female genital organs. Furthermore, we provide more
information on spontaneous findings in cynomolgus monkeys for exact diagnoses in toxicity
studies
Supporting Japanese mothers of children with ADHD: cultural adaptation of the New Forest Parent Training Programme
International practice guidelines recommend medication and behavioral intervention as evidenced-based treatments for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Currently in Japan, the availability of non pharmacological interventions for ADHD is limited. We report the results of a pilot and a proof-of-concept study for a new behavioral intervention for Japanese mothers of children with ADHD. The pilot study delivered a standard six-session behavioral intervention and two parent-support sessions. Participants approved the group format and requested additional support to change parenting practices and behavioral strategies targeting ADHD symptoms. For the proof-of-concept study, the intervention was revised to include five sessions of pre intervention support followed by six sessions of the New Forest Parent Training Programme (NFPP), an evidence based intervention for ADHD. The revised intervention, NFPP-Japan, was associated with reductions in the mothers’ reports of children's ADHD symptoms and aggression, more effective parenting practices, and reduced parenting stress. The pilot and proof-of-concept studies indicate that it is possible to successfully modify Western behavioral interventions for Japanese mothers and to justify a randomized controlled trial evaluation of the NFPP-Japan, which is currently underway
Canine papillomatosis: a retrospective study of 24 cases (2001-2011) and immunohistochemical characterization
Supraglacial ponds regulate runoff from Himalayan debris-covered glaciers
Meltwater and runoff from glaciers in High Mountain Asia is a vital freshwater resource for one fifth of the Earth's population. Between 13% and 36% of the region's glacierized areas exhibit surface debris cover and associated supraglacial ponds whose hydrological buffering roles remain unconstrained. We present a high-resolution meltwater hydrograph from the extensively debris-covered Khumbu Glacier, Nepal, spanning a seven-month period in 2014. Supraglacial ponds and accompanying debris cover modulate proglacial discharge by acting as transient and evolving reservoirs. Diurnally, the supraglacial pond system may store >23% of observed mean daily discharge, with mean recession constants ranging from 31 to 108 hours. Given projections of increased debris-cover and supraglacial pond extent across High Mountain Asia, we conclude that runoff regimes may become progressively buffered by the presence of supraglacial reservoirs. Incorporation of these processes is critical to improve predictions of the region's freshwater resource availability and cascading environmental effects downstream
Dry and Humid Periods Reconstructed from Tree Rings in the Former Territory of Sogdiana (Central Asia) and Their Socio-economic Consequences over the Last Millennium
One of the richest societies along the Silk Road developed in Sogdiana,
located in present-day Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan. This urban civilisation
reached its greatest prosperity during the golden age of the Silk Road (sixth to
ninth century ce). Rapid political and economic changes, accelerated by climatic
variations, were observed during last millennium in this region. The newly developed
tree-ring-based reconstruction of precipitation for the pastmillennium revealed
a series of dry and wet stages. During the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA), two
dry periods occurred (900–1000 and 1200–1250), interrupted by a phase of wetter
conditions. Distinct dry periods occurred around 1510–1650, 1750–1850, and
1920–1970, respectively. The juniper tree-ring record of moisture changes revealed
that major dry and pluvial episodes were consistent with those indicated by hydroclimatic
proxy data from adjacent areas. These climate fluctuations have had longand
short term consequences for human history in the territory of former Sogdiana
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