Pathways towards a sustainable future envisioned by early-career conservation researchers

Scientists have warned decision-makers about the severe consequences of the global environmental crisis since the 1970s. Yet ecological degradation continues and little has been done to address climate change. We investigated early-career conservation researchers' (ECR) perspectives on, and prioritization of, actions furthering sustainability. We conducted a survey (n = 67) and an interactive workshop (n = 35) for ECR attendees of the 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology (2018). Building on these data and discussions, we identified ongoing and forthcoming advances in conservation science. These include increased transdisciplinarity, science communication, advocacy in conservation, and adoption of a transformation-oriented social-ecological systems approach to research. The respondents and participants had diverse perspectives on how to achieve sustainability. Reformist actions were emphasized as paving the way for more radical changes in the economic system and societal values linked to the environment and inequality. Our findings suggest that achieving sustainability requires a strategy that (1) incorporates the multiplicity of people's views, (2) places a greater value on nature, and (3) encourages systemic transformation across political, social, educational, and economic realms on multiple levels. We introduce a framework for ECRs to inspire their research and practice within conservation science to achieve real change in protecting biological diversity

Scientists' Warning to Humanity on Threats to Indigenous and Local Knowledge Systems

The knowledge systems and practices of Indigenous Peoples and local communities play critical roles in safeguarding the biological and cultural diversity of our planet. Globalization, government policies, capitalism, colonialism, and other rapid social-ecological changes threaten the relationships between Indigenous Peoples and local communities and their environments, thereby challenging the continuity and dynamism of Indigenous and Local Knowledge (ILK). In this article, we contribute to the “World Scientists' Warning to Humanity,” issued by the Alliance of World Scientists, by exploring opportunities for sustaining ILK systems on behalf of the future stewardship of our planet. Our warning raises the alarm about the pervasive and ubiquitous erosion of knowledge and practice and the social and ecological consequences of this erosion. While ILK systems can be adaptable and resilient, the foundations of these knowledge systems are compromised by ongoing suppression, misrepresentation, appropriation, assimilation, disconnection, and destruction of biocultural heritage. Three case studies illustrate these processes and how protecting ILK is central to biocultural conservation. We conclude with 15 recommendations that call for the recognition and support of Indigenous Peoples and local communities and their knowledge systems. Enacting these recommendations will entail a transformative and sustained shift in how ILK systems, their knowledge holders, and their multiple expressions in lands and waters are recognized, affirmed, and valued. We appeal for urgent action to support the efforts of Indigenous Peoples and local communities around the world to maintain their knowledge systems, languages, stewardship rights, ties to lands and waters, and the biocultural integrity of their territories—on which we all depend.Peer reviewe

Geographic variation in breeding system and environment predicts melanin-based plumage ornamentation of male and female Kentish plovers

Sexual selection determines the elaboration of morphological and behavioural traits and thus drives the evolution of phenotypes. Sexual selection on males and females can differ between populations, especially when populations exhibit different breeding systems. A substantial body of literature describes how breeding systems shape ornamentation across species, with a strong emphasis on male ornamentation and female preference. However, whether breeding system predicts ornamentation within species and whether similar mechanisms as in males also shape the phenotype of females remains unclear. Here, we investigate how different breeding systems are associated with male and female ornamentation in five geographically distinct populations of Kentish plovers Charadrius alexandrinus. We predicted that polygamous populations would exhibit more elaborate ornaments and stronger sexual dimorphism than monogamous populations. By estimating the size and intensity of male (n = 162) and female (n = 174) melanin-based plumage ornaments, i.e. breast bands and ear coverts, we show that plumage ornamentation is predicted by breeding system in both sexes. A difference in especially male ornamentation between polygamous (darker and smaller ornaments) and monogamous (lighter and larger) populations causes the greatest sexual dimorphism to be associated with polygamy. The non-social environment, however, may also influence the degree of ornamentation, for instance through availability of food. We found that, in addition to breeding system, a key environmental parameter, rainfall, predicted a seasonal change of ornamentation in a sex-specific manner. Our results emphasise that to understand the phenotype of animals, it is important to consider both natural and sexual selection acting on both males and females

Aprender con la práctica: control de materias primas según NCF del Título de Especialista en Farmacia Industrial y Galénica

Podeu consultar la Setena trobada de professorat de Ciències de la Salut completa a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/43352En la Facultad de Farmacia de la Universidad de Barcelona se imparte la Especiali-zación en Farmacia Industrial y Galénica desde 2003. Este trabajo se centra en las prácticas de análisis de materias primas llevadas a cabo en el SDM (Servicio de Desarrollo del Medicamento). Mediante estas prácticas, los estudiantes FIR de di-cha Especialización experimentan su primer contacto con el laboratorio poniendo en práctica aquellos conocimientos que han adquirido previamente en las clases de teoría

La metodología learning by doing en las prácticas de comprimidos de la titulación "Especialidad en Farmacia Industrial y Galénica"

Podeu consultar la Setena trobada de professorat de Ciències de la Salut completa a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/43352La titulación “Especialidad en Farmacia Industrial y Galénica, que se realiza en la Facultad de Farmacia de la Universidad de Barcelona, se caracteriza por la realiza-ción de módulos de prácticas de varios días sobre fabricación de diferentes formas farmacéuticas, y que se llevan a cabo en el SDM (Servicio de Desarrollo del Medi-camento), planta piloto de tecnología farmacéutica. El sistema “learning by doing” seguido en las prácticas tiene como objetivo trabajar la competencia de aprendizaje y responsabilidad mediante la aplicación directa de los conocimientos teóricos a la práctica en casos reales, para solucionar sobre la marcha las posibles incidencias de fabricación

Novel method for measuring charm-mixing parameters using multibody decays

We propose a novel method to measure flavor-oscillations and charge-parity (CP) violation in charm mixing. The approach uses multibody charm decays, such as $D^0\to K_S^0\pi^+\pi^-$, and avoids the need for a fit of the decay amplitudes while suppressing biases due to nonuniform signal-reconstruction efficiencies as functions of phase space and decay time. Data are partitioned in decay-time and Dalitz-plot regions (bins). The Dalitz-plot bins are symmetric with respect to the principal bisector and chosen to ensure nearly constant values of the strong-interaction phases in each. The ratios of signal yields observed in each symmetric bin pair are fit as functions of decay time, using independent auxiliary measurements of the strong-interaction phases as constraints, to determine the relevant physics parameters. Simulation shows that this approach improves the sensitivity to the normalized charm-eigenstate mass difference by 35% with respect to existing model-independent methods. In addition, we introduce a parametrization of oscillation and CP-violation effects in charm mixing that has attractive statistical properties and may find wider applicability

Aprender con la práctica: control de materias primas según NCF del Título de Especialista en Farmacia Industrial y Galénica

En la Facultad de Farmacia de la Universidad de Barcelona se imparte la Especiali-zación en Farmacia Industrial y Galénica desde 2003. Este trabajo se centra en las prácticas de análisis de materias primas llevadas a cabo en el SDM (Servicio de Desarrollo del Medicamento). Mediante estas prácticas, los estudiantes FIR de di-cha Especialización experimentan su primer contacto con el laboratorio poniendo en práctica aquellos conocimientos que han adquirido previamente en las clases de teoría.Podeu consultar la Setena trobada de professorat de Ciències de la Salut completa a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/4335

La metodología learning by doing en las prácticas de comprimidos de la titulación "Especialidad en Farmacia Industrial y Galénica"

La titulación “Especialidad en Farmacia Industrial y Galénica, que se realiza en la Facultad de Farmacia de la Universidad de Barcelona, se caracteriza por la realiza-ción de módulos de prácticas de varios días sobre fabricación de diferentes formas farmacéuticas, y que se llevan a cabo en el SDM (Servicio de Desarrollo del Medi-camento), planta piloto de tecnología farmacéutica. El sistema “learning by doing” seguido en las prácticas tiene como objetivo trabajar la competencia de aprendizaje y responsabilidad mediante la aplicación directa de los conocimientos teóricos a la práctica en casos reales, para solucionar sobre la marcha las posibles incidencias de fabricación.Podeu consultar la Setena trobada de professorat de Ciències de la Salut completa a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/4335