RsaI, a multifaceted regulatory RNA, modulates the metabolism of the opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus aureus RsaI, un ARN régulateur aux multiples facettes, module le métabolisme du pathogène opportuniste Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus est une bactérie commensale retrouvée chez environ 30 % des individus sains dont elle colonise la peau et la muqueuse nasale. Cependant, c’est également une bactérie pathogène opportuniste responsable d’infections diverses telles que orgelet, ostéomyélite, endocardite, ou encore septicémie en envahissant un grand nombre de tissus et d’organes. Cette bactérie est capable de s’adapter à des conditions hostiles et variées, telles que carence nutritive et stress osmotique, oxydant, ou thermique, ainsi qu’à la réponse immunitaire de l’hôte, car elle produit une grande diversité de facteurs de virulence. La synthèse de ces facteurs est finement régulée par des protéines et des ARN régulateurs majoritairement non codants, souvent désignés par l’abréviation sARN (dérivée de l’anglais, small RNA). Les facteurs de transcription et les systèmes à deux composants contrôlent l’expression des gènes impliqués non seulement dans le métabolisme, mais aussi dans la réponse au stress et la virulence [1]. Par exemple, la protéine du contrôle catabolique (carbon catabolite control protein A, CcpA) a un rôle essentiel dans le choix de la source carbonée en régulant le métabolisme central de la bactérie ainsi que la virulence [2, 3]. CcpA se fixe à une séquence promotrice spécifique appelée cre (catabolite-responsive element), qui est très conservée chez les bactéries à Gram positif [2]. Quant aux sARN, ils interagissent principalement avec leurs ARN messagers (ARNm) cibles. L’hybridation peut conduire à la stabilisation/déstabilisation de l’ARNm ou à l’activation/répression de sa traduction [4]. Nous avons montré que la transcription du sARN RsaI (RNA Staphylococcus aureus I) est réprimée par CcpA en présence de glucose [5]. L’induction de la synthèse de RsaI signale que la concentration en glucose diminue dans le milieu extracellulaire et que la croissance des bactéries est ralentie. En interagissant avec ses ARNm cibles ou d’autres sARN, il permet à la population bactérienne de modifier son métabolisme lorsque la source carbonée primaire est consommée

Enabling planetary science across light-years. Ariel Definition Study Report

Ariel, the Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey, was adopted as the fourth medium-class mission in ESA's Cosmic Vision programme to be launched in 2029. During its 4-year mission, Ariel will study what exoplanets are made of, how they formed and how they evolve, by surveying a diverse sample of about 1000 extrasolar planets, simultaneously in visible and infrared wavelengths. It is the first mission dedicated to measuring the chemical composition and thermal structures of hundreds of transiting exoplanets, enabling planetary science far beyond the boundaries of the Solar System. The payload consists of an off-axis Cassegrain telescope (primary mirror 1100 mm x 730 mm ellipse) and two separate instruments (FGS and AIRS) covering simultaneously 0.5-7.8 micron spectral range. The satellite is best placed into an L2 orbit to maximise the thermal stability and the field of regard. The payload module is passively cooled via a series of V-Groove radiators; the detectors for the AIRS are the only items that require active cooling via an active Ne JT cooler. The Ariel payload is developed by a consortium of more than 50 institutes from 16 ESA countries, which include the UK, France, Italy, Belgium, Poland, Spain, Austria, Denmark, Ireland, Portugal, Czech Republic, Hungary, the Netherlands, Sweden, Norway, Estonia, and a NASA contribution

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Provenance: The Bridge Between Experiments and Data

Current scientific applications are often structured as workflows and rely on workflow systems to compile abstract experiment designs into enactable workflows that utilise the best available resources. The automation of this step and of the workflow enactment, hides the details of how results have been produced. Knowing how compilation and enactment occurred allows results to be reconnected with the experiment design. We investigate how provenance helps scientists to connect their results with the actual execution that took place, their original experiment and its inputs and parameters

Kur'an Kursu Öğreticilerinin Eğitim-Öğretim Yeterliklerine İlişkin Algıları

KUR&rsquo;AN KURSU &Ouml;ĞRETİCİLERİNİN EĞİTİM-&Ouml;ĞRETİM YETERLİKLERİNE İLİŞKİN ALGILARI &nbsp; Mehmet KORKMAZ Dr., Erciyes &Uuml;. İlahiyat F. [email protected] &nbsp; &Ouml;zet Bu araştırmada Kur&rsquo;an kursu &ouml;ğreticilerinin eğitim-&ouml;ğretim yeterliklerine ilişkin algıları ortaya konmuştur. Araştırmaya 11 farklı ilden 890 &ouml;ğretici katılmış, araştırmaya ilişkin veriler anket ve m&uuml;lakat yoluyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan &ouml;ğreticilerin b&uuml;y&uuml;k &ccedil;oğunluğu eğitim-&ouml;ğretim yeterliklerinin genelinde ve alt boyutlarında kendilerini yeterli g&ouml;rmektedirler. M&uuml;lakatlardan elde edilen bulgulara bakıldığında ise, bunların anket sonu&ccedil;ları ile &ouml;rt&uuml;şmediği, &ouml;ğreticilerin yeterlik algıları ile m&uuml;lakatlarda dile getirdikleri g&ouml;r&uuml;şler arasında belirgin bir mesafe olduğu g&ouml;r&uuml;lm&uuml;şt&uuml;r. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kur&rsquo;an Kursları, Kur&rsquo;an Kursu &Ouml;ğreticileri, Kur&rsquo;an Kursu &Ouml;ğreticilerinin Yeterlikleri, Eğitim-&Ouml;ğretim Yeterlikleri SELF PERCEPTIONS OF QURAN COURSES TEACHERS ABOUT PROFICIENCY IN EDUCATION Abstract&nbsp; This study is about the self-assessment of Quran courses teachers and their proficiency in education. 890 teachers who work in 11 different provinces participated this research. Findings are collected by questionnaire (scale) and interview. Most of the teachers who participated this research perceive themselves efficient about the education proficiency. Interviews which are done with them show that there is significant diversity between questionnaire and interview results. Key Words: Quran Courses, Quran Courses Teachers, Proficiency of Quran Courses Teachers.</p

Two non-coding RNAs in Staphylococcus aurus are involved in glucose metabolism and virulence

Trabajo presentado en el 5th Meeting of Regulation with RNA in Bacteria and Archaea, celebrado en Sevilla (España), del 19 al 22 de marzo de 2018Peer reviewe