Nivel de conocimiento sobre métodos anticonceptivos en adolescentes del 3° al 5° grado de secundaria de la I.E.P. Sagrada Familia, Lima, 2022

Por la presente nuestra investigación es denominada Nivel de conocimientos sobre métodos anticonceptivos en adolescentes del 3° al 5° grado de secundaria de la I.E Sagrada Familia, Lima,2022 el cual como objetivo general Determinar el nivel de conocimiento sobre los métodos anticonceptivos en los adolescentes del 3° al 5° grado de secundaria de la I.E Sagrada Familia, Lima, 2022. El presente estudio es de tipo: Básica, aplicada, cuantitativo con diseño no experimental. Se empleó como técnica una encuesta y como instrumento un cuestionario. La muestra fueron 60 adolescentes del 3° al 5° grado de secundaria de la I.E Sagrada Familia. Los resultados demostraron que respecto al nivel del conocimiento sobre los métodos anticonceptivos se evidencia que el 73.33% (n=44) de los jóvenes encuestados tiene un conocimiento regular, mientras el 16.67% (n=10) un nivel alto y el 10% (n=6) presenta un nivel bajo de conocimiento sobre métodos anticonceptivos. Por ello se concluye que la gran mayoría de adolescentes del 3° al 5 ° de secundaria de la I.E Sagrada Familia encuestados presenta un nivel regular con referencia al conocimiento sobre métodos anticonceptivos

Implementación de recursos y estrategias didácticas para el desarrollo de la competencia oral en la enseñanza del idioma Inglés

https://unadvirtualedu-my.sharepoint.com/:f:/g/personal/edrochav_unadvirtual_edu_co/EjQg8ENYJGtMu3CYwhv-W9wBu0bCf50spnjav8jYUIld0A?e=kIR7d8Resumen La enseñanza del idioma inglés es una gran oportunidad para ingresar a las aulas de clase actividades lúdicas que brindan a los estudiantes experiencias espontáneas que traen consigo el desarrollo de habilidades comunicativas necesarias para el aprendizaje de un segundo idioma y a la vez logran mayor motivación e interés en los estudiantes por aprender. De esta forma se facilita el trabajo tanto de los estudiantes como del docente para alcanzar el objetivo propuesto. El presente trabajo representa la práctica de un proyecto sobre la implementación de estrategias didácticas enfocadas en el desarrollo de la competencia oral en la enseñanza del idioma inglés en estudiantes de quinto grado de primaria en dos instituciones educativas. Para el desarrollo de este proyecto se tuvo en cuenta la implementación de herramientas para la recolección de datos como los diarios de campo y la observación, se empleó el método comunicativo como el mejor enfoque didáctico para aprender a usar un segundo idioma en diferentes contextos y asemejándose a las situaciones de la vida real por medio de actividades, juegos y materiales educativos tecnológicos que dejan atrás la memorización y el rol pasivo de hace muchos años. Por medio de la planeación de actividades se logró llevar a los estudiantes implementaciones cargadas de actividades significativas que permitieron observar el impacto de la lúdica sobre el desarrollo de las habilidades comunicativas, obteniendo como resultado gran motivación de los mismo por participar en juegos y actividades que los divierte y a la vez los lleva al aprendizaje espontáneo, los estudiantes en poco tiempo demostraron asimilación tanto del vocabulario como de la estructura enseñada y esto permitió la fluidez de la clase, la participación y creatividad para enfrentarse a actividades basadas en sus necesidades de aprendizaje. Detrás de la experiencia del juego tenían claro los propósitos de las actividades y de esta manera se lograron alcanzar los objetivos de este proyecto pedagógico donde no solo aprende el estudiante sino también el docente basándose en su propia experiencia y en la de los demás miembros de la comunidad educativa.Abstract The teaching of the English language is a great opportunity to introduce playful activities into the classroom, it provides students with spontaneous experiences that bring with them the development of communication skills necessary for learning a second language and at the same time they achieve greater motivation and interest in the students to learn. In this way, the work of both the students and the teacher is facilitated to achieve the proposed objective. The present work represents the practice of a project on the implementation of didactic strategies focused on the development of oral competence in the teaching of the English language in fifth grade students in two educational institutions. For the development of this project, the implementation of data collection tools such as field diaries and observation were taken into account, we used the communicative method as the best didactic approach to learn to use a second language in different contexts and resembling real-life situations through activities, games and technological educational materials that leave behind the memorization and passive role of many years ago. Through the planning of activities we were able to bring to our students implementations loaded with significant activities that allowed us to observe the impact of play on the development of communication skills, obtaining as a result great motivation of the students to participate in games and activities that fun and at the same time leads to spontaneous learning, the students in a short time demonstrated assimilation of both the vocabulary and the structure taught and this allowed the fluency of the class, the participation and creativity of the students to face activities based on their learning needs. Behind the game experience, the students were clear about the purposes of the activities and in this way, we were able to achieve the objectives of this pedagogical project where not only the student but also the teacher learns based on their own experience and that of the other members of the group. the educational community

Measuring business sustainability maturity-levels and best practices

There has been an increasing interest in corporate sustainability (CS) and how companies should strive for it in order to satisfy stakeholders’ demands concerning social, economic, and environmental impacts. The purpose of this paper was to identify the best sustainability practices and the sustainability maturity levels that allow manufacturing and service companies to contribute to sustainable development in the long run. Based on a qualitative approach, a comparative study of five large companies was deployed in order to determine their sustainability maturity levels and best practices. The research method consisted of a critical review of the literature and category analysis concerning corporate sustainability trends and some of the best well-known performance frameworks such as the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), business excellence models (BEMs), and international standards. The main findings reveal that companies’ sustainability maturity levels range from satisfactory to sophisticated in several sustainability aspects. Best sustainability practices found in this sample include the use of certifications such as ISO 9000, ISO 14001, GRI, and CSR, among others, combined with the systematic use of BEMs over many years. Finally, several key processes such as self-assessment, benchmarking, corporate reporting, strategic planning, and systematic training were found to be significant in helping manufacturing and service organisations achieve their business sustainability objectives.N/

Efecto de la temperatura y la densidad de cultivo sobre el crecimiento de juveniles de la cabrilla arenera, Paralabrax maculatofasciatus

A growth trial was conducted to determine the most appropriate temperature and fish density for rearing juvenile spotted sand bass Paralabrax maculatofasciatus under laboratory conditions. The experiment followed a 3 X 2 factorial design with three temperatures (24, 27, and 30°C) and two densities (266 and 400 fish/m3), with three replicates per treatment. Juveniles (mean weight 2.1 g) were fed a semi-moist diet (56% protein and 23% lipids) for 40 days, residing in tanks containing 30 L seawater within an open flow system under laboratory conditions. No effects on survival resulted from these temperatures and fish density conditions were noted. The greatest growth was observed at 27°C and 400 fish/m3, while fish reared at 24°C and 400 fish/m3 and 30°C and 400 fish/m3 had the least growth. The percent apparent daily feed consumption (%ADFC) was significantly different between the two different densities of fish reared at 27°C, but not at the lower or higher temperatures. Feed conversion ratio values were significantly different between fish grown at the intermediate (27°C) and the lower (24°C) temperatures, but not at the higher (30°C) temperature. Therefore, the most appropriate condition for growth of juvenile spotted sand bass cultured in laboratory is 27°C and 400 juvenile fish/m3 (equivalent to 0.84 g/L of initial biomass).Se realizó un experimento de crecimiento con el objetivo de determinar la temperatura y densidad más apropiadas para el cultivo en laboratorio de juveniles de cabrilla arenera Paralabrax maculatofasciatus. Para ello, se implementó un diseño factorial de 3 X 2 con 3 réplicas por tratamiento, en el que se probaron tres temperaturas (24, 27 y 30°C) y dos densidades (266 y 400 peces/m3). Organismos de 2.1 g se alimentaron con una dieta semihúmeda (56% Proteína y 23% Lípidos) durante 40 días en acuarios con 30 L de agua de mar. No hubo ningún efecto por la temperatura o la densidad sobre la supervivencia. El mayor crecimiento fue observado a 27°C con 400 peces/m3, mientras que los peces sometidos a 24°C y 400 peces/m3 y 30°C y 400 peces/m3 mostraron crecimientos más bajos. El porcentaje del consumo aparente de alimento diario por peso promedio del pez (%CAAD) solo fue significativamente diferente (P<0.05) entre las dos densidades de la temperatura intermedia (27°C), pero no en los grupos de la temperatura baja (24°C), ni de la alta (30°C). De manera similar al %CAAD, únicamente los valores delfactor de conversión alimenticia de las dos densidades de las temperaturas de 24°C (3.8 y 2.7) y 27°C (3.4 y 2.0) fueron significativamente diferentes entre sí. Se concluye que la temperatura de 27°C y la densidad de 400 peces/m3 (equivalente a 0.84 g/L de biomasa inicial) son las condiciones más apropiadas para el crecimiento de juveniles de cabrilla arenera cultivados en laboratorio

Effect of alkali/mixed alkali metal ions on the thermal and spectralcharacteristics of Dy3+:B2O3-PbO-Al2O3-ZnO glasses

Thermal and spectroscopic features of 50 B2O3–10 PbO–10 Al2O3–10 ZnO–(x) Li2O–(y) Na2O–(z) K2O–1.0 Dy2O3 (mol %) (x = 19, y = 0, and z = 0; x = 0, y = 19, and z = 0; x = 0, y = 0, and z = 19; x = 9.5, y = 9.5, and z = 0; x = 9.5, y = 0, and z = 9.5; x = 0, y = 9.5, and z = 9.5) glasses, that were fabricated by utilizing melt-quenching approach, are investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), optical absorption, photoluminescence excitation (PLE), photoluminescence (PL), and PL decay lifetimes. PL spectra for all the Dy3 +-doped samples show emission bands at 453 nm (blue), 482 nm (blue), 573 nm (yellow), 662 nm (red), and 752 nm (red) corresponding to the 4I15/2 → 6H15/2, 4F9/2 → 6H15/2, 4F9/2 → 6H13/2, 4F9/2 → 6H11/2, and 4F9/2 → 6H9/2 transitions, respectively, upon excitation at 350 nm. Here, Dy3 +: Li–Na glass shows the highest PL intensity for all identified emissions. The yellow-to-blue (Y/B) emission intensity ratio (varied within the range 1.257–1.376), CIE chromaticity coordinates (x,y) (slight variation between (0.3410, 0.3802) and (0.3495, 0.3872), and correlated color temperatures (CCTs) (changed from 4953 K to 5212 K) are calculated following the PL spectra. Dy3 +: 4F9/2 decay curves show non-exponential behavior and are fitted by the Inokuti-Hirayama (I–H) model, where S = 6 shows best fit, indicating dipole-dipole (d-d) interactions for Dy3 + excited (donor) and ground state (acceptor) ions

Alternativas para el control de Diaphorina citri (Kuwayama) con insecticidas botánicos, en Citrus latifolia tanaca, Tlapacoyan, Veracruz.

Para el manejo Diaphorina citri(Kuwayama), se evaluaron, en lima persa (Citrus Latifolia Tan.), en la región   de   Tlapacoyan,   Ver.,   México.   Otoño-Invierno,   2008-2009,   diferentes,   productos   con insecticidas botánicos. BIO-Die PROGRANIC® PROGRANIC ® Omega, PROGRANIC® Gama, PROGRANIC®  UltraluxS. PROGRANIC®  Oil Aceite y Testigo. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con 4 repeticiones, evaluando las poblaciones de adultos, ninfas, a través de análisis de varianza mediante la prueba de comparación de medias. Se realizó un conteo previo para establecer el umbral de aplicación con la sola presencia de adultos o ninfas por cada brote recién emergido, para determinar la persistencia de los productos durante periodos de 7, 17, 27 y 37 días, en cada unidad experimental se realizo aplicaciones y evaluaciones. Los efectos más marcados sobre la población de ninfas se manifestaron en las variantes con Oíl, Omega, Biodie, Gama, NeemAcar, Ultralux-s que no difirieron estadísticamente entre ellos y por último difiriendo de todos los demás el testigo. En adultos Diaphorina citri, todos los tratamientos con extractos y aceites difirieron estadísticamente del testigo, después del testigo, a nivel poblacional, se ubicó el extracto Gama, que no marco diferencia del aceite OIL y este a la vez de el extracto vegetal Ultralux-s, NeemAcar y Biodie y por último el Omega que difirió de todas las demás variantes. Estos productos pueden utilizarse exitosamente como alternativa en el manejo integrado de esta plaga

A simple model for the evolution of disc galaxies: The Milky Way

A simple model for the evolution of disc galaxies is presented. We adopt three numbers from observations of the Milky Way disc, the local surface mass density, the stellar scale length (of the assumedly exponential disc) and the amplitude of the (assumedly flat) rotation curve, and physically, the (local) dynamical Kennicutt star formation prescription, standard chemical evolution equations assuming and a model for spectral evolution of stellar populations. We can determine the detailed evolution of the model with only the addition of standard cosmological scalings with time of the dimensional parameters. A surprising wealth of detailed specifications follows from this prescription including the gaseous infall rate as a function of radius and time, the distribution of stellar ages and metallicities with time and radius, surface brightness profiles at different wavelengths, colours etc. At the solar neighbourhood stars start to form $\approx 10 Gyrs$ ago at an increasing rate peaking 4 billion years ago and then slowly declining in good agreement with observations. The mean age of long lived stars at the solar neighbourhood is about $4 Gyrs$. The local surface density of the stars and gas are 35 and $15 M_{\odot}pc^{-2}$, respectively. The metallicity distribution of the stars at the solar radius is narrow with a peak at $[Z/Z_{\odot}] = -0.1$.Both a Salpeter IMF and a Chabrier IMF are consistent with observations. Comparisons with the current and local fossil evidence provides support for the model which can then be used to assess other local disc galaxies, the evolution of disc galaxies in deep optical surveys and also for theoretical investigations such as simulations of merging disc galaxies (abbreviated).Comment: acceppted for publication in MNRA

Fecal Contamination of Drinking Water Was Associated with Diarrheal Pathogen Carriage among Children Younger than 5 Years in Three Peruvian Rural Communities.

Drinking water contamination is a frequent problem in developing countries and could be associated with bacterial pathogen carriage in feces. We evaluated the association between the risk of drinking water and bacterial carrier status in children younger than 5 years in a cross-sectional study conducted in 199 households from three Peruvian rural communities. Fecal samples from children were screened for pathogenic Aeromonas, Campylobacter, and Vibrio species, as well as for Enterobacteriaceae, including pathogenic Escherichia coli. The drinking water risk was determined using E. coli as an indicator of contamination. Nineteen (9.5%) children were colonized with pathogens and classified as carriers, all without diarrhea symptoms. Of 199 drinking water samples, 38 (19.1%) were classified as very high risk because of high fecal contamination (> 100 E. coli/100 mL). Shared-use water sources, daily washing of containers, and washing using only water were associated with higher prevalence of bacterial carriage, whereas there was no association between households reporting boiling and chlorination of water and carrier status. The prevalence of carriage in children exposed to very high-risk water was 2.82 (95% CI: 1.21-6.59) times the prevalence of those who consumed less contaminated water, adjusted by the water source and daily washing. Our results suggest that household drinking water plays an important role in the generation of carriers with diarrheal pathogens. Our findings also highlight the importance of interventions to ensure the safety of drinking water. Further studies are needed to validate the observed association and determine its significance with respect to diarrhea in the community

Resipientunderdsøkelse av Begna, Randselva og Tyrifjorden i 2010 i forbindelse med utslipp fra Norske Skog Follum ASA og Huhtamaki Norway AS

Norske Skog Follum og Huhtamaki Norway AS har foretatt en resipientundersøkelse i henhold til vanndirektivet for å dokumentere effektene av sine utslipp til Begna, Randselva og Tyrifjorden. Virkningen av utslippene på vannkjemien (tot P, tot N, NO3, KOF, Mn, Al) var liten eller ikke påvisbar. Begroingsalgene indikerer god eller svært god tilstand på elvestasjonene, bunndyrene indikerer god eller svært god tilstand med unntak av moderat tilstand ved Hønefossen. Det biologiske mangfoldet varierte mye, med høyest mangfold på referansestasjonene. For Tyrifjoden var den økologiske tilstanden svært god der konsentrasjonene av fosfor og klorofyll a var de lavest som er målt siden 1978. Resultatene fra burforsøk med lokal ørret indikerer at aluminium i utslippet ved Follum Fabrikker foreligger på en lite giftig form og er lite gjelle-reaktivt.Norske Skog Follum AS

Structural and optical studies of Er3+-doped alkali/alkaline oxide containing zinc boro-aluminosilicate glasses for 1.5 um optical amplifier applications

In the present work, we report on the optical spectral properties of Er3+ -doped zinc boro-aluminosilicate glasses with an addition of 10 mol % alkali/alkaline modifier regarding the fabrication of new optical materials for optical amplifiers. A total of 10 glasses were prepared using melt−quenching technique with the compositions (40-x)B2O3 − 10- SiO2 − 10Al2O3 − 30ZnO − 10Li2O − xEr2O3 and (40-x)B2O3 − 10SiO2 − 10Al2O3 − 30ZnO – 10MgO − xEr2O3 (x = 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mol %). We confirm the amorphous-like structure for all the prepared glasses using X-ray diffraction (XRD). To study the functional groups of the glass composition after the melt−quenching process, Raman spectroscopy was used, and various structural units such as triangular and tetrahedral-borates (BO3 and BO4 ) have been identified. All the samples were characterized using optical absorption for UV, visible and NIR regions. Judd-Ofelt (JO) intensity parameters (Ωλ , λ = 2, 4 and 6) were calculated from the optical absorption spectra of two glasses LiEr 2.0 and MgEr 2.0 (doped with 2 mol % of Er3+). JO parameters for LiEr 2.0 and MgEr 2.0 glasses follow the trend as Ω6>Ω2>Ω4 . Using Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters, we obtained radiative probability A (S−1 ), branching ratios (β), radiative decay lifetimes τrad (μs) of emissions from excited Er+3 ions in LiEr 2.0 and MgEr 2.0 to all lower levels. Quantum efficiency (η) of 4 I13/2 and 4 S3/2 levels for LiEr 2.0 and MgEr 2.0 with and without 4D7/2 level was calculated using the radiative decay lifetimes τrad. (μs) and measured lifetimes τexp. (μs). We measured the visible photoluminescence under 377 nm excitation for both LiEr and MgEr glass series within the region 390–580 nm. Three bands were observed in the visible region at 407 nm, 530 nm, and 554 nm, as a result of 2H9/2 → 4 I15/2 , 2H11/2 → 4 I15/2 and 4 S3/2 → 4 I15/2 transitions, respectively. Decay lifetimes for emissions at 407 nm, 530 nm, and 554 nm were measured and they show single exponential behavior for all the LiEr and MgEr glass series. From the photoluminescence and radiative decay lifetimes (τrad), we calculated the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM), emission cross-section ( ) and bandwidth gain (FWHM ) parameters. Near-infrared photoluminescence under 980 nm excitation was measured for all the LiEr and MgEr glass series in the region 1420–1620 nm. NIR emissions show a broadband centered at ∼1530 nm due to the transition of Er3+: 4 I13/ 2 → 4 I15/2 . Decay lifetimes for NIR emission at ∼1530 nm were measured and they show a quite exponential nature for all the LiEr and MgEr glass series. From the NIR emission spectra and decay lifetimes, we calculated the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM), the emission cross-section ( ) and the bandwidth gain (FWHM ) for the NIR emission and it shows FWHM of 50–70 nm for prepared glasses, emission cross-section of (∼3.5) 10−20 cm2 , while bandwidth gain was (∼25) 10−26 cm3