Natural dyes and hybrid halide perovskites applied to meso-structured solar cells

RESUMEN: En las próximas décadas, la demanda mundial de energía se considera como el principal problema que la humanidad tendrá que coincidir para su supervivencia. El agua y los alimentos no serán prioridad. De acuerdo con las estimaciones más recientes de las Naciones Unidas, se espera que la población mundial para llegar a 8 millones de personas en la primavera de 2024, generando con ello una necesidad de energía de aproximadamente 16TW 1. Este valor podría duplicar en los extremos siglo. Esta brecha energética ha motivado una gran cantidad de investigadores en diferentes zonas de todo el mundo para innovar o crear nuevas alternativas para el suministro de energía en el futuro debido a la falta inminente de los combustibles fósiles. Por otra parte, la reducción de su consumo ayudará a mitigar el impacto ambiental en nuestros ecosistemas. Este escenario se predijo según un estudio publicado por el hecho Consejo Mundial de la Energía, donde se menciona que para el 2050 energía del petróleo, gas y carbón representará menos del 15% del consumo mundial. Otros tipos de fuentes suministrarán al menos el 70% 2. En este contexto, las energías alternativas de recursos naturales son los más probable para ser estudiado e implementado. La figura 1.1 muestra el gran potencial para la obtención de energía renovable utilizando el agua, el viento y la radiación solar. Con respecto a la primera, la energía hidroeléctrica ha sido uno de los pilares para generar energía en algunos países (China, Japón, Brasil y Colombia) eran sus recursos fluviales son abundantes. Es importante mencionar aquí el impacto ambiental grave cuando se construye un embalse o presa, y la disminución de la producción de energía durante las estaciones secas, que son más frecuentes debido al calentamiento global inminente. Por esta razón, es necesario explorar otro tipo de tecnologías respetuosas con el medio ambiente para producir energía limpia. Eólica y la energía solar son la mejor opciones, pero entre ellos, la energía solar es la más atractiva debido a los valores increíbles de energía disponible bajo toda corteza terrestre, que puede considerarse inagotable. De hecho, la actual demanda mundial de energía podría responder a cubrir sólo el 0,4% de la superficie disponible de la Tierra con los dispositivos fotovoltaicos eficientes 15%. Sin embargo, en los últimos años, las fuentes de energía renovables están infrautilizadas por desgracia, sólo el 4% de la potencia total global es suministrada por este tipo de energíasABSTRACT: In the next decades, the world’s demand of energy will be considered as the main problem that humanity will have to match up for their survival. Water and food will be not priority. According to the most recent United Nations estimates, the global population is expected to reach 8 billion people in the spring of 2024, generating with it an energy need of approximately 16TW 1. This value could duplicate at century ends. This energetic gap has motivated a lot of researchers in different areas around the world to innovate or create new alternatives to supply energy in the future due to imminent lack of fossil fuels. Furthermore, reducing its consumption will help to mitigate the environment impact in our ecosystems. This scenario was predicted according to a published study made by World Energy Council, where it is mentioned that for 2050 energy from oil, gas and coal will represent less of 15% of global consumption. Other kinds of sources will supply at least 70% 2. In this context, alternative energies from natural resources are the most probable to be studied and implemented. Figure 1.1 shows the great potential to obtain renewable energy using water, wind and solar radiation. With respect to the first, hydropower has been one pillar to generate energy in some countries (China, Japan, Brazil and Colombia) were their fluvial resources are abundant. It is important to mention here the severe environmental impact when is built a reservoir or dam, and the decrease of the energy production during dry seasons, which are more frequent due to the imminent global warning. For this reason, it is necessary to explore other kind of technologies environmentally friendly to produce clean energy. Eolic and solar energy are the best options, but between them, solar is the most attractive due to incredible values of available energy under entire earth´s crust, which it can be considered inexhaustible. In fact, the current global energy demand could be met by covering just 0.4% of the Earth's available surface area with 15% efficient photovoltaic devices. However, in the last years, renewable energy sources are sadly underused, only a 4% of the total global power is supplied by this kind of energies

Fabricación y evaluación de un bloqueador solar a base de dióxido de titanio, aceites y extractos de frutas

RESUMEN: El presente artículo explora la capacidad de absorción en la zona UV de algunos extractos obtenidos a partir de algunas frutas en conjunto con algunos aceites y dióxido de titanio. Debido a que a este último ya le son muy conocidas sus características de absorción en la zona UV, El estudio se centra en mostrar como mediante la adición de un componente orgánico, para éste caso los extractos obtenidos a partir de cáscaras de algunas frutas, se puede mejorar la propiedad de absorción en la zona UV que posee el TiO2 anatasa. La evaluación se realizó mediante espectrofotometría que ayudó a determinar propiedades de absorción significativas en comparación con cremas bloqueadoras comerciales de los extractos obtenidos a partir de tomate de árbol y naranja utilizando como solvente etanol.ABSTRACT: This article explores the capacity of absorption in the UV region of some extracts that are produced from some fruits along with certain oils and titanium dioxide. Given that the absorption characteristics of the titanium dioxide in the UV region are well known, the study is focused on showing how to improve the absorption property in the UV region of the anatase by adding an organic component, which was obtained from the peels of some fruits. The evaluation was done by spectrophotometry, which helped to identify significant absorption properties (compared to commercial sunscreens) of the extracts produced from tree tomato and orange with ethanol as solvent

Fabricación de un biosensor a partir de PVA para uso en productos cárnicos

RESUMEN: En el presente trabajo se desarrolló un dispositivo que actúa como indicativo en el momento que la carne es atacada por bacterias. El biosensor fabricado contenía pequeñas partículas inertes en el núcleo que sirvieron como indicativo de que éste estaba siendo consumido por bacterias, dichas partículas estaban recubiertas por una capa de PVA y otra externa hecha de PLA o Almidón de Yuca, con el fin de que estos dos últimos cumplieran la función de alimento directo para las bacterias. Después de 1 mes de contacto entre los biosensores diseñados y la carne, se determinó como el más efectivo aquel que contenía PLA en la cubierta exterior ya que permitió observar la liberación de las partículas inertes en menor tiempo como indicativo visual de que efectivamente la carne contenía bacterias y que estas consumieron las capas externas del sensor. La caracterización del producto final se llevó a cabo por el proceso de Microscopía RAMAN en el cual se pudo observar la modificación que realizaron las bacterias sobre el PLA.ABSTRACT: In the present work biosensor was developed as an indicative of the time that the bacteria attacks the meat. The fabricated biosensor contained small inert particles in the nucleus, which served as indicative that bacteria were already consuming the biosensor, at the same time they were covered by a layer of PVA and another outer made of PLA or Cassava Starch. After 1 month of contact between the designed biosensors with meat, was determined as more effective that containing PLA in the outer cover since it allowed to observe the release of inert particles in less time as a visual indication that indeed the meat contained bacteria and that they consumed the outer layers of the sensor. The process of RAMAN Microscopy in which the modification carried out the bacteria on the PLA could be observed conducted the characterization of the final product

Large-Area, Flexible, Lead-Free Sn-Perovskite Solar Modules

For the first time, large-area, flexible organic–inorganic tin perovskite solar modules are fabricated by means of an industry-compatible and scalable blade-coating technique. An 8-cell interconnected mini module with dimensions of 25 cm2 (active area = 8 × 1.5 cm2) reached 5.7% power conversion efficiency under 1000 W/m2 (AM 1.5G) and 9.4% under 2000 lx (white-LED).This project received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement no. 862656 (project DROP-IT) and of Generalitat Valenciana under the Print-P (MFA/2022/020) project

Consenso colombiano de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

La Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EEI) es un término con el que se conocen varias entidades, las dos más importantes: la colitis ulcerativa idiopática (CUI) y la enfermedad de Crohn (EC), cuyo origen es multifactorial y se caracterizan por un fenómeno inflamatorio, crónico, recurrente, con diferentes grados de severidad del tubo digestivo; pero, además con afectación potencial de otros órganos. En la última década ha habido un renovado interés en dichas entidades, debido a un auge en medicamentos novedosos; a pesar de lo cual estas siguen siendo incurables. Lo anterior asociado a una incidencia creciente de dicha patología en nuestro país nos obliga tanto científica como moralmente a convocar a un panel de expertos para elaborar unos lineamientos básicos en el enfoque y manejo de la EEI. OBJETIVOS 1. Desarrollar un consenso adaptado a nuestro medio, basado en documentación científica de la mejor calidad disponible para el enfoque diagnóstico y el manejo médico y quirúrgico. 2. Publicar y difundir dichos lineamentos tanto a la comunidad científica como al público en general a través de foros especializados, y medios de comunicación de alta penetración. 3. Elaborar y divulgar el consenso en forma de suplemento de la Revista Colombiana de Gastroenterología, el 8 de diciembre de 2011, en medio del congreso de ACADI (Asociación Colombiana de Asociaciones del Aparato Digestivo); es el mejor homenaje que el panel multidisciplinario de expertos le puede rendir a dicho evento; pero más importante aún es el reconocimiento que se le hace a los pacientes que padecen de dicha patología en nuestro país, quienes en últimas son nuestra razón de ser. METODOLOGÍA 1. Se invitaron médicos especialistas (Clínicos y quirúrgicos), líderes de opinión e industria farmacéutica nacional, cuyo área de interés y de trabajo es la EEI. 2. Se separó y manejó independientemente desde el principio la CUI de la EC. A su vez, se dividió cada entidad por módulos, con base en el método de panel de Delphi, se nombró un coordinador por cada uno de ellos, el cual se encargó de analizar junto con su equipo la literatura, para extraer el nivel de evidencia clínica y así emitir unos conceptos preliminares. Posteriormente, todo el panel de expertos se reunió en varias jornadas y conjuntamente se revisó nuevamente la evidencia clínica y conclusiones de los diferentes módulos homogenizándolas y de una manera concertada se formularon las recomendaciones definitivas.Q4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9219-4548Revista Nacional - Indexad

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

XVII International Congress of Control Electronics and Telecommunications: "Advanced Science, Technology and Innovation to move towards a new socio-technical system: Sustainable Social Transformation"

Contenido: Approach to the diagnostic of cesarean birth using bio-inspired models. ; Design of a tool in a virtual reality environment to manipulate anatomical models. ; The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on the electricity price forecasting models. ; Depression prevention through artificial intelligence. ; State of the art in Prototypes as complements to the learning of the Colombian Sign Language (LSC). ; A computational proposal for gene expression deterministic analysis in associated disorders to depression and anxiety. ; Evaluation of postural stability from the predictability of the measurement of the center of pressure. ; Psychophysiological Analysis of Sound Stimuli.; Delphi method for the identification of relevant variables in the development of low-power photovoltaic solar projects. ; Socioeconomic impact of a refrigerator powered by a photovoltaic system in La Guajira. ; Energy Efficiency: characteristics that allow the reduction of greenhouse gases in. ; Possibilities for the implementation of a bioreactor from organic waste. ; Energy Potential with Small Hydroelectric Power Plants in Non- interconnected Zones of Colombia. ; Energy Potential in Photovoltaic Solar Solutions in Non-Interconnected Areas of Colombia. ; Photovoltaic system, towards the energy transition from home. ; Blockchain model to increase the transparency of public sector processes. ; Intelligent agricultural irrigation prescription system based on sensor networks and crop modeling. ; Design and implementation of a digital modulation classification system using intelligent algorithms. ; A mobile application proposal to minimize intermediation during agricultural process distribution of products in supply chain. ; Accompanying strategy for the social appropriation of new technologies in vulnerable agricultural communities: case in communities producing Gulupas fruits (Passiflora edulis Sims). ; Predictive model of transparency as an indicator of Public Policies. ; Smart system for recognition of ripening level in blackberry fruits. ; Project-based learning as an alternative methodology for technological education in electronics. ; Design and construction of an automated system for N. ; Four bar mechanisms (FBM) and their Software-Based applications: a reviewFT aquaponic culture of Red Carp and Crespa Lettuce. ; Intelligent search implementation for the construction of states of the art: a python application. ; Indoor and Outdoor propagation models on 5G environments: state of the art. ;The electronic detection of offenders (DOO) in the District Secretary of mobility of Bogotá: a step forward in the configuration of the concept of digital citizenship in Colombia. ; Monitoring through ICT of Mobility: technological collaborative feature to incorporate IoT in a Smart City. ; Characterization model of asphalt mixtures using digital image processing. ; Review: identification of diseases and/or pests in fruit trees through image processing techniques and artificial intelligence. ; VRS applicated to Nasa Yuwe language. ; Application of Pix2Pix for edge reconstruction in images. ; Brushless DC Motor Control System for Active Myoelectric Prosthesis. ; Implementation of a Water Conductivity Measuring System. ; 2 DOF robot programmed with MatLab® (guide and Peter Corke) and Arduino uno for writing alphabetical characters. ; Simulator of the behavior of the center of mass in a quadruped robot. ; Biomimetic prototype for flapping movement of batsContent: Contenido: Approach to the diagnostic of cesarean birth using bio-inspired models. ; Design of a tool in a virtual reality environment to manipulate anatomical models. ; The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on the electricity price forecasting models. ; Depression prevention through artificial intelligence. ; State of the art in Prototypes as complements to the learning of the Colombian Sign Language (LSC). ; A computational proposal for gene expression deterministic analysis in associated disorders to depression and anxiety. ; Evaluation of postural stability from the predictability of the measurement of the center of pressure. ; Psychophysiological Analysis of Sound Stimuli.; Delphi method for the identification of relevant variables in the development of low-power photovoltaic solar projects. ; Socioeconomic impact of a refrigerator powered by a photovoltaic system in La Guajira. ; Energy Efficiency: characteristics that allow the reduction of greenhouse gases in. ; Possibilities for the implementation of a bioreactor from organic waste. ; Energy Potential with Small Hydroelectric Power Plants in Non- interconnected Zones of Colombia. ; Energy Potential in Photovoltaic Solar Solutions in Non-Interconnected Areas of Colombia. ; Photovoltaic system, towards the energy transition from home. ; Blockchain model to increase the transparency of public sector processes. ; Intelligent agricultural irrigation prescription system based on sensor networks and crop modeling. ; Design and implementation of a digital modulation classification system using intelligent algorithms. ; A mobile application proposal to minimize intermediation during agricultural process distribution of products in supply chain. ; Accompanying strategy for the social appropriation of new technologies in vulnerable agricultural communities: case in communities producing Gulupas fruits (Passiflora edulis Sims). ; Predictive model of transparency as an indicator of Public Policies. ; Smart system for recognition of ripening level in blackberry fruits. ; Project-based learning as an alternative methodology for technological education in electronics. ; Design and construction of an automated system for N. ; Four bar mechanisms (FBM) and their Software-Based applications: a reviewFT aquaponic culture of Red Carp and Crespa Lettuce. ; Intelligent search implementation for the construction of states of the art: a python application. ; Indoor and Outdoor propagation models on 5G environments: state of the art. ;The electronic detection of offenders (DOO) in the District Secretary of mobility of Bogotá: a step forward in the configuration of the concept of digital citizenship in Colombia. ; Monitoring through ICT of Mobility: technological collaborative feature to incorporate IoT in a Smart City. ; Characterization model of asphalt mixtures using digital image processing. ; Review: identification of diseases and/or pests in fruit trees through image processing techniques and artificial intelligence. ; VRS applicated to Nasa Yuwe language. ; Application of Pix2Pix for edge reconstruction in images. ; Brushless DC Motor Control System for Active Myoelectric Prosthesis. ; Implementation of a Water Conductivity Measuring System. ; 2 DOF robot programmed with MatLab® (guide and Peter Corke) and Arduino uno for writing alphabetical characters. ; Simulator of the behavior of the center of mass in a quadruped robot. ; Biomimetic prototype for flapping movement of bat

Compilación de Proyectos de Investigacion de 1984-2002

Instituto Politecnico Nacional. UPIICS

Libro de Proyectos Finales 2021 primer semestre

PregradoIngeniero CivilIngeniero de SistemasIngeniero ElectricistaIngeniero ElectrónicoIngeniero IndustrialIngeniero Mecánic