9 research outputs found
The Reference Site Collaborative Network of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing
- Author
- Á
- Abreu C
- Abrunhosa A
- Agrimi A
- Alalä
- Allegretti N
- Alonso-Trujillo F
- Angioli S
- Apó
- Armitage G
- Arnavielhe S
- Baena-ParejoI M
- Balenović
- Bamidis P D
- Barbolini M
- Baroni I
- Batey N
- Bedbrook A
- Bernard P L
- Bersani M
- Berti E
- Birov S
- Blain H
- Bogatyrchuk L
- Bourret R
- Bousquet J
- Brehm J
- Brussino L
- Buhr D
- Bultje D
- Cabeza E
- Cano A
- Carantoñ
- Cardoso A
- Carriazo A M
- Colgan E
- Coll Clavero J I
- Combe B
- Conforti Davide
- Coppola L
- Corti F
- Coscioni E
- Costa E
- Crooks G
- Cunha A
- Daien C
- Dantas Null
- Darpó
- Davoli M
- De Capitani C
- De Luca V
- De Nardi L
- Dedeu Baraldes A
- Di Ciano M
- Dozet A
- Ekinci B
- Erve S
- Espinoza Almendro J M
- Fait A
- Farrell Joseph Anthony
- Fensli R
- Fernandez Nocelo S
- Gá
- Gá
- Gü
- Garcí
- Garcia Sanchez I
- Gemicioğ
- Geurdens M
- Goetzke W
- Goossens E
- Guldemond N
- Hé
- Hajjam J
- Hansen H
- Hartman S
- Hegendö
- Heikka H
- Henderson D
- Hirvonen S
- Iaccarino Guido
- Illario M
- Jansson N
- Kallasvaara H
- Kalyoncu F
- Kirchmayer U
- Kokko J A
- Korpelainen J
- Kostka T
- Kuna P
- Lajarí
- Lama C M
- Laune D
- Lauri D
- Ledroit V
- Leonardini L
- Levato G
- Lewis L
- Liotta G
- Lundgren L
- Lupiañ
- Maggio M
- Malva J
- Manuel de Keenoy E
- Martí
- Martí
- Martinez C
- Massimilliano M
- Maurizio A
- Mayora O
- Mc Garry Eugene Paul
- Melle C
- Mendez-Zorilla A
- Mengon H
- Mercier G
- Mercier J
- Meyer I
- Millet Pi-Figueras A
- Mitsias P
- Molloy D W
- Monti Riccardo
- Moro M L
- Muranko H
- Nalin M
- Nobili Alice
- Nogues Rolfi Maria Eugenia
- O&apos
- Onorato G L
- Pé
- Pais S
- Papini D
- Parkkila P
- Pattichis C
- Pavlickova A
- Peiponen A
- Perä
- Pereira S
- Piera Jimé
- Portheine P
- Potel L
- Pozzi A C
- Quiñ
- Rä
- Ramirez Lauritsen X
- Ramos M J
- Risino A
- Robalo-Cordeiro C
- Rolla G
- Roller R
- Romano M
- Romano V
- Ruiz-Ferná
- Sá
- Saccavini C
- Sachinopoulou A
- Santos L
- Scalvini S
- Scopetani E
- Smedberg D
- Soł
- Solana-Lara R
- Sorlini M
- Stericker S
- Stramba Badiale M
- Stroetman V
- Taillieu I
- Teixeira A
- Tervahauta M
- Tikanmä
- Todo-Bom A
- Tooley A
- Tuulonen A
- Tziraki C
- Ussai S
- Van der Veen S
- Venchiarutti A
- Verdoy-Berastegi D
- Verissimo M
- Visconti Parisio Lucia
- Vollenbroek-Hutten M
- Weinzerl K
- Wozniak L
- Yorgancı
- Zavagli V
- Zurkuhlen A J
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2019
- Field of study
Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants.
- Author
- Abarca-Gomez Leandra
- Abdeen Ziad A.
- Abu-Rmeileh Niveen M.
- Acosta-Cazares Benjamin
- Adams Robert J.
- Aekplakorn Wichai
- Afsana Kaosar
- Afzal Shoaib
- Agdeppa Imelda A.
- Aghazadeh-Attari Javad
- Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A.
- Agyemang Charles
- Ahmad Noor Ani
- Ahmadi Ali
- Ahmadi Naser
- Ahmadi Nastaran
- Ahmadizar Fariba
- Ahmed Soheir H.
- Ahrens Wolfgang
- Ajlouni Kamel
- Al Nsour Mohannad
- Al-Raddadi Rajaa
- Alarouj Monira
- AlBuhairan Fadia
- AlDhukair Shahla
- Ali Mohamed M.
- Alkandari Abdullah
- Alkerwi Ala'a
- Allin Kristine
- Aly Eman
- Amarapurkar Deepak N.
- Amougou Norbert
- Amouyel Philippe
- Andersen Lars Bo
- Anderssen Sigmund A.
- Andre Moura-dos-Santos Marcos
- Anjana Ranjit Mohan
- Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
- Ansong Daniel
- Aounallah-Skhiri Hajer
- Araujo Joana
- Ariansen Inger
- Aris Tahir
- Arku Raphael E.
- Arlappa Nimmathota
- Aryal Krishna K.
- Aspelund Thor
- Assah Felix K.
- Assuncao Maria Cecilia F.
- Auvinen Juha
- Avdicova Maria
- Azevedo Ana
- Azimi-Nezhad Mohsen
- Azizi Fereidoun
- Azmin Mehrdad
- Babu Bontha V.
- Bahijri Suhad
- Balakrishna Nagalla
- Balanova Yulia
- Balanova Yulia
- Bamoshmoosh Mohamed
- Banach Maciej
- Banadinovic Maja
- Bandosz Piotr
- Banegas Jose R.
- Baran Joanna
- Barbagallo Carlo M.
- Barcelo Alberto
- Barkat Amina
- Barreto Marta
- Barros Aluisio J. D.
- Bartosiewicz Anna
- Basit Abdul
- Bastos Joao Luiz D.
- Bata Iqbal
- Batieha Anwar M.
- Batyrbek Assembekov
- Baur Louise A.
- Beaglehole Robert
- Bebakar Wan Mohamad Wan
- Belavendra Antonisamy
- Ben Romdhane Habiba
- Benchekor Sounnia Mediene
- Benet Mikhail
- Bennett James E.
- Bennett James E.
- Benson Lowell S.
- Berkinbayev Salim
- Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio
- Bettiol Heloisa
- Bezerra Jorge
- Bhagyalaxmi Aroor
- Bhargava Santosh K.
- Bia Daniel
- Biasch Katia
- Bikbov Mukharram M.
- Bista Bihungum
- Bjerregaard Peter
- Bjertness Espen
- Bjertness Marius B.
- Bjorkelund Cecilia
- Bloch Katia V.
- Blokstra Anneke
- Bo Simona
- Bobak Martin
- Boeing Heiner
- Boggia Jose G.
- Boissonnet Carlos P.
- Bojesen Stig E.
- Boker Lital Keinan
- Bonet Gorbea Mariano
- Bongard Vanina
- Bonilla-Vargas Alice
- Bopp Matthias
- Borghs Herman
- Bovet Pascal
- Boyer Christopher B.
- Braeckman Lutgart
- Brajkovich Imperia
- Branca Francesco
- Breckenkamp Jรผrgen
- Brenner Hermann
- Brewster Lizzy M.
- Briceno Yajaira
- Brito Miguel
- Bruno Graziella
- Bueno Gloria
- Bueno-de-Mesquita H. Bas
- Bugge Anna
- Burns Con
- Bursztyn Michael
- Cabrera de Leon Antonio
- Cacciottolo Joseph
- Cadena Leticia Hernandez
- Cameron Christine
- Can Gunay
- Candido Ana Paula C.
- Capanzana Mario V.
- Capkova Nadezda
- Capuano Eduardo
- Capuano Vincenzo
- Cardoso Viviane C.
- Carlsson Axel C.
- Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M.
- Carvalho Joana
- Casanueva Felipe F.
- Censi Laura
- Cervantes-Loaiza Marvin
- Chadjigeorgiou Charalambos A.
- Chamukuttan Snehalatha
- Chan Angelique W.
- Chan Queenie
- Chaturvedi Himanshu K.
- Chaturvedi Nish
- Chee Miao Li
- Chen Chien-Jen
- Chen Fangfang
- Chen Huashuai
- Chen Shuohua
- Chen Zhengming
- Cheng Ching-Yu
- Cheraghian Bahman
- Chetrit Angela
- Chien Kuo-Liong
- Chiolero Arnaud
- Chiou Shu-Ti
- Chirita-Emandi Adela
- Chirlaque Maria-Dolores
- Cho Belong
- Christensen Kaare
- Christofaro Diego G.
- Chudek Jerzy
- Cifkova Renata
- Cifkova Renata
- Cinteza Eliza
- Claessens Frank
- Clarke Janine
- Clays Els
- Cohen Emmanuel
- Concin Hans
- Cooper Cyrus
- Coppinger Tara C.
- Cordeiro da Silva Bruna Goncalves
- Costanzo Simona
- Cottel Dominique
- Cowan Melanie J.
- Cowell Chris
- Craig Cora L.
- Crampin Amelia C.
- Crujeiras Ana B.
- Cruz Juan J.
- Csilla Semanova
- Cui Liufu
- Cureau Felipe V.
- Cuschieri Sarah
- D'Arrigo Graziella
- d'Orsi Eleonora
- Dallongeville Jean
- Damasceno Albertino
- Damasceno Albertino
- Danaei Goodarz
- Danaei Goodarz
- Dankner Rachel
- Dantoft Thomas M.
- Dauchet Luc
- Davletov Kairat
- De Backer Guy
- De Bacquer Dirk
- De Curtis Amalia
- de Gaetano Giovanni
- De Henauw Stefaan
- de Moura Silva Caroline Ramos
- de Oliveira Paula Duarte
- de Paiva Karina Mary
- De Ridder David
- De Smedt Delphine
- de Wit Tobias F. Rinke
- Deepa Mohan
- Deev Alexander D.
- DeGennaro Vincent Jr
- Dekkaki Imane Cherkaoui
- del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez Maria
- Delisle Helene
- Demarest Stefaan
- Dennison Elaine
- Deschamps Valerie
- Dhimal Meghnath
- Di Castelnuovo Augusto F.
- Dias-da-Costa Juvenal Soares
- Diaz Alejandro
- Dickerson Ty T.
- Dika Zivka
- Dinc Gonul Horasan
- Djalalinia Shirin
- Do Ha T. P.
- Dobson Annette J.
- Doering Angela
- Doerr Marcus
- Donfrancesco Chiara
- Donoso Silvana P.
- Dorobantu Maria
- Doua Kouamelan
- Dragano Nico
- Drygas Wojciech
- Duante Charmaine A.
- Duboz Priscilla
- Duda Rosemary B.
- Dulskiene Virginija
- Dushpanova Anar
- Dzakula Aleksandar
- Dzerve Vilnis
- Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk Elzbieta
- Eddie Ricky
- Eftekhar Ebrahim
- Eggertsen Robert
- Eghtesad Sareh
- Eiben Gabriele
- Ekelund Ulf
- El Ati Jalila
- El-Khateeb Mohammad
- Eldemire-Shearer Denise
- Eliasen Marie
- Elisa Zapata Maria
- Elliott Paul
- Elliott Paul
- Elosua Roberto
- Erasmus Rajiv T.
- Erbel Raimund
- Erem Cihangir
- Eriksen Louise
- Eriksson Johan G.
- Escobedo-de la Pena Jorge
- Eslami Saeid
- Esmaeili Ali
- Evans Alun
- Ezzati Majid
- Faeh David
- Fakhretdinova Albina A.
- Fall Caroline H.
- Faramarzi Elnaz
- Farjam Mojtaba
- Farzadfar Farshad
- Farzadfar Farshad
- Fattahi Mohammad Reza
- Fawwad Asher
- Felix Stephan B.
- Felix-Redondo Francisco J.
- Ferguson Trevor S.
- Fernandes Romulo A.
- Fernandez-Berges Daniel
- Ferrante Daniel
- Ferrao Thomas
- Ferrari Marika
- Ferrario Marco M.
- Ferreccio Catterina
- Ferreira Haroldo S.
- Ferrer Eldridge
- Ferrieres Jean
- Figueiro Thamara Hubler
- Fink Gunther
- Fischer Krista
- Foo Leng Huat
- Forsner Maria
- Fouad Heba M.
- Francis Damian K.
- Franco Maria do Carmo
- Frikke-Schmidt Ruth
- Frontera Guillermo
- Fuchs Flavio D.
- Fuchs Sandra C.
- Fujita Yuki
- Fumihiko Matsuda
- Furdela Viktoriya
- Furer Ariel
- Furusawa Takuro
- Gaciong Zbigniew
- Galbarczyk Andrzej
- Galenkamp Henrike
- Galvano Fabio
- Gao Jingli
- Gao Pei
- Garcia Pablo
- Garcia-de-la-Hera Manoli
- Gareta Dickman
- Garnett Sarah P.
- Gaspoz Jean-Michel
- Gasull Magda
- Gazzinelli Andrea
- Gehring Ulrike
- Geleijnse Johanna M.
- George Ronnie
- Ghanbari Ali
- Ghasemi Erfan
- Gheorghe-Fronea Oana-Florentina
- Ghimire Anup
- Gialluisi Alessandro
- Giampaoli Simona
- Gieger Christian
- Gill Tiffany K.
- Giovannelli Jonathan
- Gironella Glen
- Giwercman Aleksander
- Gkiouras Konstantinos
- Glavic Mihalea Marinovic
- Goldberg Marcel
- Goldsmith Rebecca A.
- Gomes Barros Mauro Virgilio
- Gomez Luis F.
- Gomula Aleksandra
- Goncalves Helen
- Goncalves Mauer
- Gonzalez Angel R.
- Gonzalez-Chica David A.
- Gonzalez-Gross Marcela
- Gonzalez-Rivas Juan P.
- Gonzalez-Villalpando Clicerio
- Gonzalez-Villalpando Maria-Elena
- Gottrand Frederic
- Graff-Iversen Sidsel
- Grafnetter Dusan
- Grajda Aneta
- Grammatikopoulou Maria G.
- Gregg Edward W.
- Gregor Ronald D.
- Grodzicki Tomasz
- Grosso Giuseppe
- Gruden Gabriella
- Gu Dongfeng
- Guan Ong Peng
- Gudmundsson Elias F.
- Gudnason Vilmundur
- Guerrero Ramiro
- Guessous Idris
- Guimaraes Andre L.
- Gulliford Martin C.
- Gunnlaugsdottir Johanna
- Gunter Marc J.
- Gupta Prakash C.
- Gupta Rajeev
- Gureje Oye
- Gurzkowska Beata
- Gutierrez Laura
- Gutzwiller Felix
- Ha Seongjun
- Hadaegh Farzad
- Haghshenas Rosa
- Hakimi Hamid
- Halkjaer Jytte
- Hambleton Ian R.
- Hamzeh Behrooz
- Hange Dominique
- Hanif Abu A. M.
- Hantunen Sari
- Hao Jie
- Hardman Carla Meneses
- Hashemi-Shahri Seyed Mohammad
- Hata Jun
- Haugsgjerd Teresa
- Hayes Alison J.
- He Jiang
- He Jiang
- He Yuna
- Heier Margit
- Hendriks Marleen Elisabeth
- Henrique Rafael dos Santos
- Henriques Ana
- Herrala Sauli
- Heshmat Ramin
- Hill Allan G.
- Ho Sai Yin
- Ho Suzanne C.
- Hoang Van Minh Hoang Van Minh
- Hobbs Michael
- Holdsworth Michelle
- Homayounfar Reza
- Horimoto Andrea R. V. R.
- Hormiga Claudia M.
- Horta Bernardo L.
- Houti Leila
- Howitt Christina
- Htay Thein Thein
- Htet Aung Soe
- Htike Maung Maung Than
- Hu Yonghua
- Huerta Jose Maria
- Huhtaniemi Ilpo Tapani
- Huiart Laetitia
- Huisman Martijn
- Husseini Abdullatif S.
- Huybrechts Inge
- Hwalla Nahla
- Iacoviello Licia
- Iannone Anna G.
- Ibrahim Mohsen M.
- Ikeda Nayu
- Ikeda Nayu
- Ikram M. Arfan
- Iotova Violeta
- Irazola Vilma E.
- Ishida Takafumi
- Isiguzo Godsent C.
- Islam Muhammad
- Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
- Iurilli Maria L. C.
- Iwasaki Masanori
- Jackson Rod T.
- Jacobs Jeremy M.
- Jaddou Hashem Y.
- Jafar Tazeen
- James Kenneth
- Jamrozik Konrad
- Janszky Imre
- Janus Edward
- Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta
- Jasienska Grazyna
- Jelakovic Ana
- Jelakovic Bojan
- Jennings Garry
- Jerome Charles Sossa
- Jha Anjani Kumar
- Jiang Chao Qiang
- Jimenez Ramon O.
- Joeckel Karl-Heinz
- Joffres Michel
- Johansson Mattias
- Jokelainen Jari J.
- Jonas Jost B.
- Jorgensen Torben
- Jose Tormo Maria
- Joshi Pradeep
- Joukar Farahnaz
- Jozwiak Jacek
- Juolevi Anne
- Jurak Gregor
- Juresa Vesna
- Kaaks Rudolf
- Kafatos Anthony
- Kajantie Eero O.
- Kalmatayeva Zhanna
- Kalpourtzi Natasa
- Kalter-Leibovici Ofra
- Kampmann Freja B.
- Kannan Srinivasan
- Karaglani Eva
- Karhus Line L.
- Karki Khem B.
- Katibeh Marzieh
- Katz Joanne
- Kauhanen Jussi
- Kaur Prabhdeep
- Kavousi Maryam
- Kazakbaeva Gyulli M.
- Keil Ulrich
- Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi Sirkka
- Kelishadi Roya
- Kemper Han C. G.
- Kengne Andre P.
- Kengne Andre P.
- Keramati Maryam
- Kerimkulova Alina
- Kersting Mathilde
- Key Timothy
- Khader Yousef Saleh
- Khalili Davood
- Khang Young-Ho
- Khang Young-Ho
- Khanh Le Nguyen Bao Khanh Le Nguyen Bao
- Khaw Kay-Tee
- Kheiri Bahareh
- Kheradmand Motahareh
- Khosravi Alireza
- Kiechl Stefan
- Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Ursula
- Killewo Japhet
- Kim Dong Wook
- Kim Hyeon Chang
- Kim Hyeon Chang
- Kim Jeongseon
- Klakk Heidi
- Klimek Magdalena
- Klumbiene Jurate
- Knoflach Michael
- Kolle Elin
- Kolsteren Patrick
- Kontto Jukka P.
- Korpelainen Raija
- Korrovits Paul
- Kos Jelena
- Koskinen Seppo
- Kouda Katsuyasu
- Kowlessur Sudhir
- Koziel Slawomir
- Kratenova Jana
- Kriaucioniene Vilma
- Kristensen Peter Lund
- Krokstad Steiner
- Kromhout Daan
- Kruger Herculina S.
- Kubinova Ruzena
- Kuciene Renata
- Kujala Urho M.
- Kulaga Zbigniew
- Kumar R. Krishna
- Kumar Rachakulla Hari
- Kurjata Pawel
- Kusuma Yadlapalli S.
- Kutsenko Vladimir
- Kuulasmaa Kari
- Kyobutungi Catherine
- Laatikainen Tiina
- Lachat Carl
- Laid Youcef
- Lam Tai Hing
- Landrove Orlando
- Lanska Vera
- Lappas Georg
- Larijani Bagher
- Latt Tint Swe
- Laxmaiah Avula
- Laxmaiah Avula
- Le Coroller Gwenaelle
- Le Tuyen D.
- Lee Jeannette
- Lee Jeonghee
- Lehmann Nils
- Lehtimaki Terho
- Lele Elysee Claude Bika
- Lemogoum Daniel
- Levitt Naomi S.
- Lhoste Victor P. F.
- Li Yanping
- Lilly Christa L.
- Lim Wei-Yen
- Lima-Costa M. Fernanda
- Lin Hsien-Ho
- Lin Hsien-Ho
- Lin Xu
- Lin Yi-Ting
- Lind Lars
- Lingam Vijaya
- Linneberg Allan
- Lissner Lauren
- Litwin Mieczyslaw
- Lo Wei-Cheng
- Loit Helle-Mai
- Lopez Tania
- Lopez-Garcia Esther
- Lotufo Paulo A.
- Lovrencic Iva Lukacevic
- Lozano Jose Eugenio
- Lukrafka Janice L.
- Luksiene Dalia
- Lundqvist Annamari
- Lundqvist Robert
- Lunet Nuno
- Lustigova Michala
- Luszczki Edyta
- Ma Guansheng
- Ma Jun
- Machado-Coelho George L. L.
- Machado-Rodrigues Aristides M.
- Macia Enguerran
- Macieira Luisa M.
- Madar Ahmed A.
- Maggi Stefania
- Magliano Dianna J.
- Magriplis Emmanuella
- Mahasampath Gowri
- Maire Bernard
- Majer Marjeta
- Makdisse Marcia
- Malekzadeh Fatemeh
- Malekzadeh Reza
- Malhotra Rahul
- Mallikharjuna Kodavanti
- Malyutina Sofia K.
- Maniego Lynell V.
- Manios Yannis
- Mann Jim I.
- Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz
- Manzato Enzo
- Marcil Anie
- Margozzini Maira Paula
- Margozzini Paula
- Marild Staffan B.
- Marques Larissa Pruner
- Marques-Vidal Pedro
- Marrugat Jaume
- Martorell Reynaldo
- Mascarenhas Luis P.
- Matasin Marija
- Mathiesen Ellisiv B.
- Mathur Prashant
- Matijasevich Alicia
- Matlosz Piotr
- Matsha Tandi E.
- Mavrogianni Christina
- Mbanya Jean Claude N.
- Mc Donald Posso Anselmo J.
- McFarlane Shelly R.
- McGarvey Stephen T.
- McLachlan Stela
- McLean Rachael M.
- McLean Scott B.
- McNulty Breige A.
- Medzioniene Jurate
- Mehdipour Parinaz
- Mehlig Kirsten
- Mehrparvar Amir Houshang
- Meirhaeghe Aline
- Meisinger Christa
- Mendoza Montano Carlos
- Menezes Ana Maria B.
- Menon Geetha R.
- Mereke Alibek
- Meshram Indrapal I.
- Metspalu Andres
- Meyer Haakon E.
- Mi Jie
- Michels Nathalie
- Mikkel Kairit
- Milanovic Sanja Music
- Milkowska Karolina
- Miller Jody C.
- Minderico Claudia S.
- Mini G. K.
- Miranda J. Jaime
- Miranda J. Jaime
- Mirjalili Mohammad Reza
- Mirrakhimov Erkin
- Misigoj-Durakovic Marjeta
- Modesti Pietro A.
- Moghaddam Sahar Saeedi
- Mohajer Bahram
- Mohamed Mostafa K.
- Mohamed Shukri F.
- Mohammad Kazem
- Mohammadi Mohammad Reza
- Mohammadi Zahra
- Mohammadifard Noushin
- Mohammadpourhodki Reza
- Mohamud Wan Nazaimoon Wan
- Mohan Viswanathan
- Mohanna Salim
- Mohebbi Iraj
- Mohebi Farnam
- Moitry Marie
- Mollehave Line T.
- Molnar Denes
- Momenan Amirabbas
- Mondo Charles K.
- Monterrubio-Flores Eric
- Monyeki Kotsedi Daniel K.
- Moon Jin Soo
- Moosazadeh Mahmood
- Moreira Leila B.
- Morejon Alain
- Moreno Luis A.
- Morgan Karen
- Moschonis George
- Mossakowska Malgorzata
- Mostafa Aya
- Mostafavi Seyed-Ali
- Mota Jorge
- Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeel
- Motta Jorge
- Mridha Malay K.
- Msyamboza Kelias P.
- Mu Thet Thet
- Muhihi Alfa J.
- Muiesan Maria L.
- Muller-Nurasyid Martina
- Murphy Neil
- Mursu Jaakko
- Musa Kamarul Imran
- Musil Vera
- Mustafa Norlaila
- Nabipour Iraj
- Naderimagham Shohreh
- Nagel Gabriele
- Naidu Balkish M.
- Najafi Farid
- Nakamura Harunobu
- Namesna Jana
- Nang Ei Ei K.
- Nangia Vinay B.
- Narake Sameer
- Ndiaye Ndeye Coumba
- Neal William A.
- Nejatizadeh Azim
- Nenko Ilona
- Neovius Martin
- Neuhauser Hannelore
- Neuhauser Hannelore K.
- Nguyen Chung T.
- Nguyen Nguyen D.
- Nguyen Quang V.
- Nieto-Martinez Ramfis E.
- Niiranen Teemu J.
- Nikitin Yury P.
- Ninomiya Toshiharu
- Nishtar Sania
- Njelekela Marina A.
- Noale Marianna
- Noboa Oscar A.
- Noorbala Ahmad Ali
- Norat Teresa
- Nordendahl Maria
- Nordestgaard Borge G.
- Noto Davide
- Nowak-Szczepanska Natalia
- Nunes Baltazar
- O'Neill Terence W.
- O'Reilly Dermot
- Ochimana Caleb
- Oda Eiji
- Odili Augustine N.
- Oh Kyungwon
- Ohara Kumiko
- Ohtsuka Ryutaro
- Olie Valerie
- Olinto Maria Teresa A.
- Oliveira Isabel O.
- Omar Mohd Azahadi
- Onat Altan
- Ong Sok King
- Ono Lariane M.
- Ordunez Pedro
- Ornelas Rui
- Ortiz Pedro J.
- Osmond Clive
- Ostojic Sergej M.
- Ostovar Afshin
- Otero Johanna A.
- Overvad Kim
- Owusu-Dabo Ellis
- Paccaud Fred Michel
- Paciorek Christopher J.
- Padez Cristina
- Pahomova Elena
- Pajak Andrzej
- Palli Domenico
- Palmieri Luigi
- Pan Wen-Harn
- Panda-Jonas Songhomitra
- Panza Francesco
- Paoli Mariela
- Papandreou Dimitrios
- Park Soon-Woo
- Park Suyeon
- Parnell Winsome R.
- Parsaeian Mahboubeh
- Pasquet Patrick
- Patel Nikhil D.
- Pavlyshyn Halyna
- Pecin Ivan
- Pednekar Mangesh S.
- Pedro Joao M.
- Peer Nasheeta
- Peixoto Sergio Viana
- Peltonen Markku
- Pereira Alexandre C.
- Peres Karen G. D. A.
- Peres Marco A.
- Peters Annette
- Petkeviciene Janina
- Peykari Niloofar
- Pichardo Rafael N.
- Pigeot Iris
- Pikhart Hynek
- Pilav Aida
- Pilotto Lorenza
- Pitakaka Freda
- Piwonska Aleksandra
- Pizarro Andreia N.
- Plans-Rubio Pedro
- Polasek Ozren
- Porta Miquel
- Poudyal Anil
- Pourfarzi Farhad
- Pourshams Akram
- Poustchi Hossein
- Pradeepa Rajendra
- Price Alison J.
- Price Jacqueline F.
- Providencia Rui
- Puhakka Soile E.
- Puiu Maria
- Punab Margus
- Qasrawi Radwan F.
- Qorbani Mostafa
- Quang Ngoc Nguyen Quang Ngoc Nguyen
- Queiroz Daniel
- Radic Ivana
- Radisauskas Ricardas
- Rahim Hanan F. Abdul
- Rahimikazerooni Salar
- Rahman Mahfuzar
- Raitakari Olli
- Raj Manu
- Rakhimova Ellina M.
- Ramachandran Ambady
- Ramos Elisabete
- Rampal Lekhraj
- Rampal Sanjay
- Rangel Reina Daniel A.
- Rao Sudha Ramachandra
- Rarra Vayia
- Rech Cassiano Ricardo
- Redon Josep
- Reganit Paul Ferdinand M.
- Regecova Valeria
- Revilla Luis
- Rezaianzadeh Abbas
- Ribeiro Robespierre
- Riboli Elio
- Richter Adrian
- Rigo Fernando
- Riley Leanne M.
- Ritti-Dias Raphael M.
- Robitaille Cynthia
- Rodriguez-Artalejo Fernando
- Rodriguez-Villamizar Laura A.
- Roggenbuck Ulla
- Rojas-Martinez Rosalba
- Romaguera Dora
- Romeo Elisabetta L.
- Rosengren Annika
- Roy Joel G. R.
- Rubinstein Adolfo
- Ruidavets Jean-Bernard
- Ruiz-Castell Maria
- Rusakova Iuliia A.
- Russo Paola
- Rutkowski Marcin
- Sabanayagam Charumathi
- Sabbaghi Hamideh
- Sachdev Harshpal S.
- Sadjadi Alireza
- Safarpour Ali Reza
- Safi Sare
- Safiri Saeid
- Saidi Olfa
- Sakarya Sibel
- Saki Nader
- Salanave Benoit
- Salazar Martinez Eduardo
- Salmeron Diego
- Salomaa Veikko
- Salonen Jukka T.
- Salvetti Massimo
- Sanchez-Abanto Jose
- Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt Blanca
- Sans Susana
- Santos Silva Diego Augusto
- Santos Diana A.
- Santos Ina S.
- Santos Lelita C.
- Santos Maria Paula
- Santos Rute
- Saramies Jouko L.
- Sardinha Luis B.
- Sarganas Giselle
- Sarrafzadegan Nizal
- Sathish Thirunavukkarasu
- Saum Kai-Uwe
- Savin Stefan
- Savva Savvas
- Sawada Norie
- Sbaraini Mariana
- Scazufca Marcia
- Schaan Beatriz D.
- Schargrodsky Herman
- Schipf Sabine
- Schmidt Carsten O.
- Schnohr Peter
- Schoettker Ben
- Schramm Sara
- Schultsz Constance
- Schutte Aletta E.
- Sebert Sylvain
- Sein Aye Aye
- Sen Abhijit
- Senbanjo Idowu O.
- Sepanlou Sadaf G.
- Servais Jennifer
- Shalnova Svetlana A.
- Shamah-Levy Teresa
- Shamshirgaran Morteza
- Shanthirani Coimbatore Subramaniam
- Sharafkhah Maryam
- Sharma Sanjib K.
- Shaw Jonathan E.
- Shayanrad Amaneh
- Shayesteh Ali Akbar
- Shi Zumin
- Shibuya Kenji
- Shimizu-Furusawa Hana
- Shin Dong Wook
- Shirani Majid
- Shiri Rahman
- Shrestha Namuna
- Si-Ramlee Khairil
- Siani Alfonso
- Siantar Rosalynn
- Sibai Abla M.
- Simon Mary
- Simons Judith
- Simons Leon A.
- Singleton Rosie K.
- Sjostrom Michael
- Slowikowska-Hilczer Jolanta
- Slusarczyk Przemyslaw
- Smeeth Liam
- So Hung-Kwan
- Soares Fernanda Cunha
- Sobngwi Eugene
- Soderberg Stefan
- Soemantri Agustinus
- Sofat Reecha
- Solfrizzi Vincenzo
- Solomon Bethlehem
- Somi Mohammad Hossein
- Son Thai Pham Son Thai Pham
- Sonestedt Emily
- Song Yi
- Sophiea Marisa K.
- Sorensen Thorkild I. A.
- Sorgjerd Elin P.
- Soric Maroje
- Soumare Aicha
- Sparboe-Nilsen Bente
- Sparrenberger Karen
- Staessen Jan A.
- Starc Gregor
- Stavreski Bill
- Steene-Johannessen Jostein
- Stehle Peter
- Stein Aryeh D.
- Stergiou George S.
- Stessman Jochanan
- Stevens Gretchen A.
- Stieber Jutta
- Stocks Tanja
- Stoeckl Doris
- Stokwiszewski Jakub
- Stronks Karien
- Strufaldi Maria Wany
- Suka Machi
- Sun Chien-An
- Sundstrom Johan
- Sundstrom Johan
- Sung Yn-Tz
- Suriyawongpaisal Paibul
- Sy Rody G.
- Syddall Holly E.
- Sylva Rene Charles
- Szklo Moyses
- Tai E. Shyong
- Tammesoo Mari-Liis
- Tamosiunas Abdonas
- Tan Eng Joo
- Tang Xun
- Tanser Frank
- Tao Yong
- Tarawneh Mohammed Rasoul
- Tarqui-Mamani Carolina B.
- Taylor Anne
- Taylor Julie
- Tebar William R.
- Tell Grethe S.
- Tello Tania
- Tham Yih Chung
- Thankappan K. R.
- Theobald Holger
- Theodoridis Xenophon
- Thijs Lutgarde
- Thinggaard Mikael
- Thomas Nihal
- Thorand Barbara
- Thuesen Betina H.
- Timmermans Erik J.
- Tjandrarini Dwi H.
- Tjonneland Anne
- Toft Ulla
- Tolonen Hanna K.
- Tolstrup Janne S.
- Topbas Murat
- Topor-Madry Roman
- Tornaritis Michael J.
- Torrent Maties
- Torres-Collado Laura
- Touloumi Giota
- Traissac Pierre
- Tran Quoc Bao Tran Quoc Bao
- Triantafyllou Areti
- Trichopoulos Dimitrios
- Trichopoulou Antonia
- Trinh Oanh T. H.
- Trivedi Atul
- Tshepo Lechaba
- Tsugane Shoichiro
- Tuliakova Azaliia M.
- Tulloch-Reid Marshall K.
- Tullu Fikru
- Tuomainen Tomi-Pekka
- Tuomilehto Jaakko
- Turley Maria L.
- Twig Gilad
- Tynelius Per
- Tzourio Christophe
- Ueda Peter
- Ugel Eunice
- Ulmer Hanno
- Uusitalo Hannu M. T.
- Valdivia Gonzalo
- Valvi Damaskini
- van Dam Rob M.
- van den Born Bert-Jan
- Van der Heyden Johan
- van der Schouw Yvonne T.
- Van Herck Koen
- Van Schoor Natasja M.
- van Valkengoed Irene G. M.
- van Zutphen Elisabeth M.
- Vanderschueren Dirk
- Vanuzzo Diego
- Varbo Anette
- Varghese Cherian
- Vasan Senthil K.
- Vega Tomas
- Veidebaum Toomas
- Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo
- Veronesi Giovanni
- Verschuren W. M. Monique
- Verstraeten Roosmarijn
- Victora Cesar G.
- Viet Lucie
- Villalpando Salvador
- Vineis Paolo
- Vioque Jesus
- Virtanen Jyrki K.
- Visvikis-Siest Sophie
- Viswanathan Bharathi
- Vlasoff Tiina
- Vollenweider Peter
- Voutilainen Ari
- Vrkic Tajana Zeljkovic
- Wade Alisha N.
- Walton Janette
- Wambiya Elvis O. A.
- Wanderley Junior Rildo de Souza
- Wang Ming-Dong
- Wang Ningli
- Wang Qian
- Wang Xiangjun
- Wang Ya Xing
- Wang Ying-Wei
- Wannamethee S. Goya
- Wareham Nicholas
- Wei Wenbin
- Weres Aneta
- Werner Bo
- Whincup Peter H.
- Widhalm Kurt
- Widyahening Indah S.
- Widyahening Indah S.
- Wiecek Andrzej
- Wilks Rainford J.
- Willeit Johann
- Willeit Peter
- Williams Emmanuel A.
- Wilsgaard Tom
- Wojtyniak Bogdan
- Wong Andrew
- Wong Norazizah Ibrahim
- Wong Tien Yin
- Wong-McClure Roy A.
- Woo Jean
- Woodward Mark
- Woodward Mark
- Wu Frederick C.
- Wu Shouling
- Wyszynska Justyna
- Xu Haiquan
- Xu Liang
- Yaacob Nor Azwany
- Yan Weili
- Yang Ling
- Yang Xiaoguang
- Yang Yang
- Yasuharu Tabara
- Ye Xingwang
- Yiallouros Panayiotis K.
- Yoosefi Moein
- Yoshihara Akihiro
- You San-Lin
- Younger-Coleman Novie O.
- Yusoff Ahmad Faudzi
- Yusoff Muhammad Fadhli Mohd
- Zainuddin Ahmad A.
- Zakavi Seyed Rasoul
- Zamani Farhad
- Zambon Sabina
- Zampelas Antonis
- Zaw Ko Ko
- Zdrojewski Tomasz
- Zdrojewski Tomasz
- Zejglicova Kristyna
- Zeng Yi
- Zhang Luxia
- Zhang Zhen-Yu
- Zhao Dong
- Zhao Ming-Hui
- Zhen Shiqi
- Zheng Yingfeng
- Zholdin Bekbolat
- Zhou Bin
- Zhu Dan
- Zins Marie
- Zitt Emanuel
- Zocalo Yanina
- Zoghlami Nada
- Zuniga Cisneros Julio
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
BACKGROUND: Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS: We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS: The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION: Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. FUNDING: WHO
Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants
- Author
- Abarca-Gomez Leandra
- Abdeen Ziad A.
- Abu-Rmeileh Niveen M.
- Acosta-Cazares Benjamin
- Adams Robert J.
- Aekplakorn Wichai
- Afsana Kaosar
- Afzal Shoaib
- Agdeppa Imelda A.
- Aghazadeh-Attari Javad
- Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A.
- Agyemang Charles
- Ahmad Noor Ani
- Ahmadi Ali
- Ahmadi Naser
- Ahmadi Nastaran
- Ahmadizar Fariba
- Ahmed Soheir H.
- Ahrens Wolfgang
- Ajlouni Kamel
- Al Nsour Mohannad
- Al-Raddadi Rajaa
- Alarouj Monira
- AlBuhairan Fadia
- AlDhukair Shahla
- Ali Mohamed M.
- Alkandari Abdullah
- Alkerwi Ala'a
- Allin Kristine
- Aly Eman
- Amarapurkar Deepak N.
- Amougou Norbert
- Amouyel Philippe
- Andersen Lars Bo
- Anderssen Sigmund A.
- Andre Moura-dos-Santos Marcos
- Anjana Ranjit Mohan
- Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
- Ansong Daniel
- Aounallah-Skhiri Hajer
- Araujo Joana
- Ariansen Inger
- Aris Tahir
- Arku Raphael E.
- Arlappa Nimmathota
- Aryal Krishna K.
- Aspelund Thor
- Assah Felix K.
- Assuncao Maria Cecilia F.
- Auvinen Juha
- Avdicova Maria
- Azevedo Ana
- Azimi-Nezhad Mohsen
- Azizi Fereidoun
- Azmin Mehrdad
- Babu Bontha V.
- Bahijri Suhad
- Balakrishna Nagalla
- Balanova Yulia
- Balanova Yulia
- Bamoshmoosh Mohamed
- Banach Maciej
- Banadinovic Maja
- Bandosz Piotr
- Banegas Jose R.
- Bao Khanh Le Nguyen
- Bao Tran Quoc
- Baran Joanna
- Barbagallo Carlo M.
- Barcelo Alberto
- Barkat Amina
- Barreto Marta
- Barros Aluisio J. D.
- Bartosiewicz Anna
- Basit Abdul
- Bastos Joao Luiz D.
- Bata Iqbal
- Batieha Anwar M.
- Batyrbek Assembekov
- Baur Louise A.
- Beaglehole Robert
- Bebakar Wan Mohamad Wan
- Belavendra Antonisamy
- Ben Romdhane Habiba
- Benchekor Sounnia Mediene
- Benet Mikhail
- Bennett James E.
- Bennett James E.
- Benson Lowell S.
- Berkinbayev Salim
- Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio
- Bettiol Heloisa
- Bezerra Jorge
- Bhagyalaxmi Aroor
- Bhargava Santosh K.
- Bia Daniel
- Biasch Katia
- Bikbov Mukharram M.
- Bista Bihungum
- Bjerregaard Peter
- Bjertness Espen
- Bjertness Marius B.
- Bjorkelund Cecilia
- Bloch Katia V.
- Blokstra Anneke
- Bo Simona
- Bobak Martin
- Boeing Heiner
- Boggia Jose G.
- Boissonnet Carlos P.
- Bojesen Stig E.
- Boker Lital Keinan
- Bonet Gorbea Mariano
- Bongard Vanina
- Bonilla-Vargas Alice
- Bopp Matthias
- Borghs Herman
- Bovet Pascal
- Boyer Christopher B.
- Braeckman Lutgart
- Brajkovich Imperia
- Branca Francesco
- Breckenkamp Juergen
- Brenner Hermann
- Brewster Lizzy M.
- Briceno Yajaira
- Brito Miguel
- Bruno Graziella
- Bueno Gloria
- Bueno-de-Mesquita H. Bas
- Bugge Anna
- Burns Con
- Bursztyn Michael
- Cabrera de Leon Antonio
- Cacciottolo Joseph
- Cadena Leticia Hernandez
- Cameron Christine
- Can Gunay
- Candido Ana Paula C.
- Capanzana Mario V.
- Capkova Nadezda
- Capuano Eduardo
- Capuano Vincenzo
- Cardoso Viviane C.
- Carlsson Axel C.
- Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M.
- Carvalho Joana
- Casanueva Felipe F.
- Censi Laura
- Cervantes-Loaiza Marvin
- Chadjigeorgiou Charalambos A.
- Chamukuttan Snehalatha
- Chan Angelique W.
- Chan Queenie
- Chaturvedi Himanshu K.
- Chaturvedi Nish
- Chee Miao Li
- Chen Chien-Jen
- Chen Fangfang
- Chen Huashuai
- Chen Shuohua
- Chen Zhengming
- Cheng Ching-Yu
- Cheraghian Bahman
- Chetrit Angela
- Chien Kuo-Liong
- Chiolero Arnaud
- Chiou Shu-Ti
- Chirita-Emandi Adela
- Chirlaque Maria-Dolores
- Cho Belong
- Christensen Kaare
- Christofaro Diego G.
- Chudek Jerzy
- Cifkova Renata
- Cifkova Renata
- Cinteza Eliza
- Claessens Frank
- Clarke Janine
- Clays Els
- Cohen Emmanuel
- Collaboration NCD Risk Factor
- Concin Hans
- Cooper Cyrus
- Coppinger Tara C.
- Cordeiro da Silva Bruna Goncalves
- Costanzo Simona
- Cottel Dominique
- Cowan Melanie J.
- Cowell Chris
- Craig Cora L.
- Crampin Amelia C.
- Crujeiras Ana B.
- Cruz Juan J.
- Csilla Semanova
- Cui Liufu
- Cureau Felipe V.
- Cuschieri Sarah
- D'Arrigo Graziella
- d'Orsi Eleonora
- Dallongeville Jean
- Damasceno Albertino
- Damasceno Albertino
- Danaei Goodarz
- Danaei Goodarz
- Dankner Rachel
- Dantoft Thomas M.
- Dauchet Luc
- Davletov Kairat
- De Backer Guy
- De Bacquer Dirk
- De Curtis Amalia
- de Gaetano Giovanni
- De Henauw Stefaan
- de Moura Silva Caroline Ramos
- de Oliveira Paula Duarte
- de Paiva Karina Mary
- De Ridder David
- De Smedt Delphine
- de Wit Tobias F. Rinke
- Deepa Mohan
- Deev Alexander D.
- DeGennaro Vincent Jr
- Dekkaki Imane Cherkaoui
- del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez Maria
- Delisle Helene
- Demarest Stefaan
- Dennison Elaine
- Deschamps Valerie
- Dhimal Meghnath
- Di Castelnuovo Augusto F.
- Dias-da-Costa Juvenal Soares
- Diaz Alejandro
- Dickerson Ty T.
- Dika Zivka
- Dinc Gonul Horasan
- Djalalinia Shirin
- Do Ha T. P.
- Dobson Annette J.
- Doering Angela
- Doerr Marcus
- Donfrancesco Chiara
- Donoso Silvana P.
- Dorobantu Maria
- Doua Kouamelan
- Dragano Nico
- Drygas Wojciech
- Duante Charmaine A.
- Duboz Priscilla
- Duda Rosemary B.
- Dulskiene Virginija
- Dushpanova Anar
- Dzakula Aleksandar
- Dzerve Vilnis
- Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk Elzbieta
- Eddie Ricky
- Eftekhar Ebrahim
- Eggertsen Robert
- Eghtesad Sareh
- Eiben Gabriele
- Ekelund Ulf
- El Ati Jalila
- El-Khateeb Mohammad
- Eldemire-Shearer Denise
- Eliasen Marie
- Elisa Zapata Maria
- Elliott Paul
- Elliott Paul
- Elosua Roberto
- Erasmus Rajiv T.
- Erbel Raimund
- Erem Cihangir
- Eriksen Louise
- Eriksson Johan G.
- Escobedo-de la Pena Jorge
- Eslami Saeid
- Esmaeili Ali
- Evans Alun
- Ezzati Majid
- Faeh David
- Fakhretdinova Albina A.
- Fall Caroline H.
- Faramarzi Elnaz
- Farjam Mojtaba
- Farzadfar Farshad
- Farzadfar Farshad
- Fattahi Mohammad Reza
- Fawwad Asher
- Felix Stephan B.
- Felix-Redondo Francisco J.
- Ferguson Trevor S.
- Fernandes Romulo A.
- Fernandez-Berges Daniel
- Ferrante Daniel
- Ferrao Thomas
- Ferrari Marika
- Ferrario Marco M.
- Ferreccio Catterina
- Ferreira Haroldo S.
- Ferrer Eldridge
- Ferrieres Jean
- Figueiro Thamara Hubler
- Fink Gunther
- Fischer Krista
- Foo Leng Huat
- Forsner Maria
- Fouad Heba M.
- Francis Damian K.
- Franco Maria do Carmo
- Frikke-Schmidt Ruth
- Frontera Guillermo
- Fuchs Flavio D.
- Fuchs Sandra C.
- Fujita Yuki
- Fumihiko Matsuda
- Furdela Viktoriya
- Furer Ariel
- Furusawa Takuro
- Gaciong Zbigniew
- Galbarczyk Andrzej
- Galenkamp Henrike
- Galvano Fabio
- Gao Jingli
- Gao Pei
- Garcia Pablo
- Garcia-de-la-Hera Manoli
- Gareta Dickman
- Garnett Sarah P.
- Gaspoz Jean-Michel
- Gasull Magda
- Gazzinelli Andrea
- Gehring Ulrike
- Geleijnse Johanna M.
- George Ronnie
- Ghanbari Ali
- Ghasemi Erfan
- Gheorghe-Fronea Oana-Florentina
- Ghimire Anup
- Gialluisi Alessandro
- Giampaoli Simona
- Gieger Christian
- Gill Tiffany K.
- Giovannelli Jonathan
- Gironella Glen
- Giwercman Aleksander
- Gkiouras Konstantinos
- Glavic Mihalea Marinovic
- Goldberg Marcel
- Goldsmith Rebecca A.
- Gomes Barros Mauro Virgilio
- Gomez Luis F.
- Gomula Aleksandra
- Goncalves Helen
- Goncalves Mauer
- Gonzalez Angel R.
- Gonzalez-Chica David A.
- Gonzalez-Gross Marcela
- Gonzalez-Rivas Juan P.
- Gonzalez-Villalpando Clicerio
- Gonzalez-Villalpando Maria-Elena
- Gottrand Frederic
- Graff-Iversen Sidsel
- Grafnetter Dusan
- Grajda Aneta
- Grammatikopoulou Maria G.
- Gregg Edward W.
- Gregor Ronald D.
- Grodzicki Tomasz
- Grosso Giuseppe
- Gruden Gabriella
- Gu Dongfeng
- Guan Ong Peng
- Gudmundsson Elias F.
- Gudnason Vilmundur
- Guerrero Ramiro
- Guessous Idris
- Guimaraes Andre L.
- Gulliford Martin C.
- Gunnlaugsdottir Johanna
- Gunter Marc J.
- Gupta Prakash C.
- Gupta Rajeev
- Gureje Oye
- Gurzkowska Beata
- Gutierrez Laura
- Gutzwiller Felix
- Ha Seongjun
- Hadaegh Farzad
- Haghshenas Rosa
- Hakimi Hamid
- Halkjaer Jytte
- Hambleton Ian R.
- Hamzeh Behrooz
- Hange Dominique
- Hanif Abu A. M.
- Hantunen Sari
- Hao Jie
- Hardman Carla Meneses
- Hashemi-Shahri Seyed Mohammad
- Hata Jun
- Haugsgjerd Teresa
- Hayes Alison J.
- He Jiang
- He Jiang
- He Yuna
- Heier Margit
- Hendriks Marleen Elisabeth
- Henrique Rafael dos Santos
- Henriques Ana
- Herrala Sauli
- Heshmat Ramin
- Hill Allan G.
- Ho Sai Yin
- Ho Suzanne C.
- Hobbs Michael
- Holdsworth Michelle
- Homayounfar Reza
- Horimoto Andrea R. V. R.
- Hormiga Claudia M.
- Horta Bernardo L.
- Houti Leila
- Howitt Christina
- Htay Thein Thein
- Htet Aung Soe
- Htike Maung Maung Than
- Hu Yonghua
- Huerta Jose Maria
- Huhtaniemi Ilpo Tapani
- Huiart Laetitia
- Huisman Martijn
- Husseini Abdullatif S.
- Huybrechts Inge
- Hwalla Nahla
- Iacoviello Licia
- Iannone Anna G.
- Ibrahim Mohsen M.
- Ikeda Nayu
- Ikeda Nayu
- Ikram M. Arfan
- Iotova Violeta
- Irazola Vilma E.
- Ishida Takafumi
- Isiguzo Godsent C.
- Islam Muhammad
- Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
- Iurilli Maria L. C.
- Iwasaki Masanori
- Jackson Rod T.
- Jacobs Jeremy M.
- Jaddou Hashem Y.
- Jafar Tazeen
- James Kenneth
- Jamrozik Konrad
- Janszky Imre
- Janus Edward
- Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta
- Jasienska Grazyna
- Jelakovic Ana
- Jelakovic Bojan
- Jennings Garry
- Jerome Charles Sossa
- Jha Anjani Kumar
- Jiang Chao Qiang
- Jimenez Ramon O.
- Joeckel Karl-Heinz
- Joffres Michel
- Johansson Mattias
- Jokelainen Jari J.
- Jonas Jost B.
- Jorgensen Torben
- Jose Tormo Maria
- Joshi Pradeep
- Joukar Farahnaz
- Jozwiak Jacek
- Juolevi Anne
- Jurak Gregor
- Juresa Vesna
- Kaaks Rudolf
- Kafatos Anthony
- Kajantie Eero O.
- Kalmatayeva Zhanna
- Kalpourtzi Natasa
- Kalter-Leibovici Ofra
- Kampmann Freja B.
- Kannan Srinivasan
- Karaglani Eva
- Karhus Line L.
- Karki Khem B.
- Katibeh Marzieh
- Katz Joanne
- Kauhanen Jussi
- Kaur Prabhdeep
- Kavousi Maryam
- Kazakbaeva Gyulli M.
- Keil Ulrich
- Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi Sirkka
- Kelishadi Roya
- Kemper Han C. G.
- Kengne Andre P.
- Kengne Andre P.
- Keramati Maryam
- Kerimkulova Alina
- Kersting Mathilde
- Key Timothy
- Khader Yousef Saleh
- Khalili Davood
- Khang Young-Ho
- Khang Young-Ho
- Khaw Kay-Tee
- Kheiri Bahareh
- Kheradmand Motahareh
- Khosravi Alireza
- Kiechl Stefan
- Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Ursula
- Killewo Japhet
- Kim Dong Wook
- Kim Hyeon Chang
- Kim Hyeon Chang
- Kim Jeongseon
- Klakk Heidi
- Klimek Magdalena
- Klumbiene Jurate
- Knoflach Michael
- Kolle Elin
- Kolsteren Patrick
- Kontto Jukka P.
- Korpelainen Raija
- Korrovits Paul
- Kos Jelena
- Koskinen Seppo
- Kouda Katsuyasu
- Kowlessur Sudhir
- Koziel Slawomir
- Kratenova Jana
- Kriaucioniene Vilma
- Kristensen Peter Lund
- Krokstad Steiner
- Kromhout Daan
- Kruger Herculina S.
- Kubinova Ruzena
- Kuciene Renata
- Kujala Urho M.
- Kulaga Zbigniew
- Kumar R. Krishna
- Kumar Rachakulla Hari
- Kurjata Pawel
- Kusuma Yadlapalli S.
- Kutsenko Vladimir
- Kuulasmaa Kari
- Kyobutungi Catherine
- Laatikainen Tiina
- Lachat Carl
- Laid Youcef
- Lam Tai Hing
- Landrove Orlando
- Lanska Vera
- Lappas Georg
- Larijani Bagher
- Latt Tint Swe
- Laxmaiah Avula
- Laxmaiah Avula
- Le Coroller Gwenaelle
- Le Tuyen D.
- Lee Jeannette
- Lee Jeonghee
- Lehmann Nils
- Lehtimaki Terho
- Lele Elysee Claude Bika
- Lemogoum Daniel
- Levitt Naomi S.
- Lhoste Victor P. F.
- Li Yanping
- Lilly Christa L.
- Lim Wei-Yen
- Lima-Costa M. Fernanda
- Lin Hsien-Ho
- Lin Hsien-Ho
- Lin Xu
- Lin Yi-Ting
- Lind Lars
- Lingam Vijaya
- Linneberg Allan
- Lissner Lauren
- Litwin Mieczyslaw
- Lo Wei-Cheng
- Loit Helle-Mai
- Lopez Tania
- Lopez-Garcia Esther
- Lotufo Paulo A.
- Lovrencic Iva Lukacevic
- Lozano Jose Eugenio
- Lukrafka Janice L.
- Luksiene Dalia
- Lundqvist Annamari
- Lundqvist Robert
- Lunet Nuno
- Lustigova Michala
- Luszczki Edyta
- Ma Guansheng
- Ma Jun
- Machado-Coelho George L. L.
- Machado-Rodrigues Aristides M.
- Macia Enguerran
- Macieira Luisa M.
- Madar Ahmed A.
- Maggi Stefania
- Magliano Dianna J.
- Magriplis Emmanuella
- Mahasampath Gowri
- Maire Bernard
- Majer Marjeta
- Makdisse Marcia
- Malekzadeh Fatemeh
- Malekzadeh Reza
- Malhotra Rahul
- Mallikharjuna Kodavanti
- Malyutina Sofia K.
- Maniego Lynell V.
- Manios Yannis
- Mann Jim I.
- Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz
- Manzato Enzo
- Marcil Anie
- Margozzini Maira Paula
- Margozzini Paula
- Marild Staffan B.
- Marques Larissa Pruner
- Marques-Vidal Pedro
- Marrugat Jaume
- Martorell Reynaldo
- Mascarenhas Luis P.
- Matasin Marija
- Mathiesen Ellisiv B.
- Mathur Prashant
- Matijasevich Alicia
- Matlosz Piotr
- Matsha Tandi E.
- Mavrogianni Christina
- Mbanya Jean Claude N.
- Mc Donald Posso Anselmo J.
- McFarlane Shelly R.
- McGarvey Stephen T.
- McLachlan Stela
- McLean Rachael M.
- McLean Scott B.
- McNulty Breige A.
- Medzioniene Jurate
- Mehdipour Parinaz
- Mehlig Kirsten
- Mehrparvar Amir Houshang
- Meirhaeghe Aline
- Meisinger Christa
- Mendoza Montano Carlos
- Menezes Ana Maria B.
- Menon Geetha R.
- Mereke Alibek
- Meshram Indrapal I.
- Metspalu Andres
- Meyer Haakon E.
- Mi Jie
- Michels Nathalie
- Mikkel Kairit
- Milanovic Sanja Music
- Milkowska Karolina
- Miller Jody C.
- Minderico Claudia S.
- Minh Hoang Van
- Mini G. K.
- Miranda J. Jaime
- Miranda J. Jaime
- Mirjalili Mohammad Reza
- Mirrakhimov Erkin
- Misigoj-Durakovic Marjeta
- Modesti Pietro A.
- Moghaddam Sahar Saeedi
- Mohajer Bahram
- Mohamed Mostafa K.
- Mohamed Shukri F.
- Mohammad Kazem
- Mohammadi Mohammad Reza
- Mohammadi Zahra
- Mohammadifard Noushin
- Mohammadpourhodki Reza
- Mohamud Wan Nazaimoon Wan
- Mohan Viswanathan
- Mohanna Salim
- Mohebbi Iraj
- Mohebi Farnam
- Moitry Marie
- Mollehave Line T.
- Molnar Denes
- Momenan Amirabbas
- Mondo Charles K.
- Monterrubio-Flores Eric
- Monyeki Kotsedi Daniel K.
- Moon Jin Soo
- Moosazadeh Mahmood
- Moreira Leila B.
- Morejon Alain
- Moreno Luis A.
- Morgan Karen
- Moschonis George
- Mossakowska Malgorzata
- Mostafa Aya
- Mostafavi Seyed-Ali
- Mota Jorge
- Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeel
- Motta Jorge
- Mridha Malay K.
- Msyamboza Kelias P.
- Mu Thet Thet
- Muhihi Alfa J.
- Muiesan Maria L.
- Muller-Nurasyid Martina
- Murphy Neil
- Mursu Jaakko
- Musa Kamarul Imran
- Musil Vera
- Mustafa Norlaila
- Nabipour Iraj
- Naderimagham Shohreh
- Nagel Gabriele
- Naidu Balkish M.
- Najafi Farid
- Nakamura Harunobu
- Namesna Jana
- Nang Ei Ei K.
- Nangia Vinay B.
- Narake Sameer
- Ndiaye Ndeye Coumba
- Neal William A.
- Nejatizadeh Azim
- Nenko Ilona
- Neovius Martin
- Neuhauser Hannelore
- Neuhauser Hannelore K.
- Nguyen Chung T.
- Nguyen Nguyen D.
- Nguyen Quang Ngoc
- Nguyen Quang V.
- Nieto-Martinez Ramfis E.
- Niiranen Teemu J.
- Nikitin Yury P.
- Ninomiya Toshiharu
- Nishtar Sania
- Njelekela Marina A.
- Noale Marianna
- Noboa Oscar A.
- Noorbala Ahmad Ali
- Norat Teresa
- Nordendahl Maria
- Nordestgaard Borge G.
- Noto Davide
- Nowak-Szczepanska Natalia
- Nunes Baltazar
- O'Neill Terence W.
- O'Reilly Dermot
- Ochimana Caleb
- Oda Eiji
- Odili Augustine N.
- Oh Kyungwon
- Ohara Kumiko
- Ohtsuka Ryutaro
- Olie Valerie
- Olinto Maria Teresa A.
- Oliveira Isabel O.
- Omar Mohd Azahadi
- Onat Altan
- Ong Sok King
- Ono Lariane M.
- Ordunez Pedro
- Ornelas Rui
- Ortiz Pedro J.
- Osmond Clive
- Ostojic Sergej M.
- Ostovar Afshin
- Otero Johanna A.
- Overvad Kim
- Owusu-Dabo Ellis
- Paccaud Fred Michel
- Paciorek Christopher J.
- Padez Cristina
- Pahomova Elena
- Pajak Andrzej
- Palli Domenico
- Palmieri Luigi
- Pan Wen-Harn
- Panda-Jonas Songhomitra
- Panza Francesco
- Paoli Mariela
- Papandreou Dimitrios
- Park Soon-Woo
- Park Suyeon
- Parnell Winsome R.
- Parsaeian Mahboubeh
- Pasquet Patrick
- Patel Nikhil D.
- Pavlyshyn Halyna
- Pecin Ivan
- Pednekar Mangesh S.
- Pedro Joao M.
- Peer Nasheeta
- Peixoto Sergio Viana
- Peltonen Markku
- Pereira Alexandre C.
- Peres Karen G. D. A.
- Peres Marco A.
- Peters Annette
- Petkeviciene Janina
- Peykari Niloofar
- Pham Son Thai
- Pichardo Rafael N.
- Pigeot Iris
- Pikhart Hynek
- Pilav Aida
- Pilotto Lorenza
- Pitakaka Freda
- Piwonska Aleksandra
- Pizarro Andreia N.
- Plans-Rubio Pedro
- Polasek Ozren
- Porta Miquel
- Poudyal Anil
- Pourfarzi Farhad
- Pourshams Akram
- Poustchi Hossein
- Pradeepa Rajendra
- Price Alison J.
- Price Jacqueline F.
- Providencia Rui
- Puhakka Soile E.
- Puiu Maria
- Punab Margus
- Qasrawi Radwan F.
- Qorbani Mostafa
- Queiroz Daniel
- Radic Ivana
- Radisauskas Ricardas
- Rahim Hanan F. Abdul
- Rahimikazerooni Salar
- Rahman Mahfuzar
- Raitakari Olli
- Raj Manu
- Rakhimova Ellina M.
- Ramachandran Ambady
- Ramos Elisabete
- Rampal Lekhraj
- Rampal Sanjay
- Rangel Reina Daniel A.
- Rao Sudha Ramachandra
- Rarra Vayia
- Rech Cassiano Ricardo
- Redon Josep
- Reganit Paul Ferdinand M.
- Regecova Valeria
- Revilla Luis
- Rezaianzadeh Abbas
- Ribeiro Robespierre
- Riboli Elio
- Richter Adrian
- Rigo Fernando
- Riley Leanne M.
- Ritti-Dias Raphael M.
- Robitaille Cynthia
- Rodriguez-Artalejo Fernando
- Rodriguez-Villamizar Laura A.
- Roggenbuck Ulla
- Rojas-Martinez Rosalba
- Romaguera Dora
- Romeo Elisabetta L.
- Rosengren Annika
- Roy Joel G. R.
- Rubinstein Adolfo
- Ruidavets Jean-Bernard
- Ruiz-Castell Maria
- Rusakova Iuliia A.
- Russo Paola
- Rutkowski Marcin
- Sabanayagam Charumathi
- Sabbaghi Hamideh
- Sachdev Harshpal S.
- Sadjadi Alireza
- Safarpour Ali Reza
- Safi Sare
- Safiri Saeid
- Saidi Olfa
- Sakarya Sibel
- Saki Nader
- Salanave Benoit
- Salazar Martinez Eduardo
- Salmeron Diego
- Salomaa Veikko
- Salonen Jukka T.
- Salvetti Massimo
- Sanchez-Abanto Jose
- Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt Blanca
- Sans Susana
- Santos Silva Diego Augusto
- Santos Diana A.
- Santos Ina S.
- Santos Lelita C.
- Santos Maria Paula
- Santos Rute
- Saramies Jouko L.
- Sardinha Luis B.
- Sarganas Giselle
- Sarrafzadegan Nizal
- Sathish Thirunavukkarasu
- Saum Kai-Uwe
- Savin Stefan
- Savva Savvas
- Sawada Norie
- Sbaraini Mariana
- Scazufca Marcia
- Schaan Beatriz D.
- Schargrodsky Herman
- Schipf Sabine
- Schmidt Carsten O.
- Schnohr Peter
- Schoettker Ben
- Schramm Sara
- Schultsz Constance
- Schutte Aletta E.
- Sebert Sylvain
- Sein Aye Aye
- Sen Abhijit
- Senbanjo Idowu O.
- Sepanlou Sadaf G.
- Servais Jennifer
- Shalnova Svetlana A.
- Shamah-Levy Teresa
- Shamshirgaran Morteza
- Shanthirani Coimbatore Subramaniam
- Sharafkhah Maryam
- Sharma Sanjib K.
- Shaw Jonathan E.
- Shayanrad Amaneh
- Shayesteh Ali Akbar
- Shi Zumin
- Shibuya Kenji
- Shimizu-Furusawa Hana
- Shin Dong Wook
- Shirani Majid
- Shiri Rahman
- Shrestha Namuna
- Si-Ramlee Khairil
- Siani Alfonso
- Siantar Rosalynn
- Sibai Abla M.
- Simon Mary
- Simons Judith
- Simons Leon A.
- Singleton Rosie K.
- Sjostrom Michael
- Slowikowska-Hilczer Jolanta
- Slusarczyk Przemyslaw
- Smeeth Liam
- So Hung-Kwan
- Soares Fernanda Cunha
- Sobngwi Eugene
- Soderberg Stefan
- Soemantri Agustinus
- Sofat Reecha
- Solfrizzi Vincenzo
- Solomon Bethlehem
- Somi Mohammad Hossein
- Sonestedt Emily
- Song Yi
- Sophiea Marisa K.
- Sorensen Thorkild I. A.
- Sorgjerd Elin P.
- Soric Maroje
- Soumare Aicha
- Sparboe-Nilsen Bente
- Sparrenberger Karen
- Staessen Jan A.
- Starc Gregor
- Stavreski Bill
- Steene-Johannessen Jostein
- Stehle Peter
- Stein Aryeh D.
- Stergiou George S.
- Stessman Jochanan
- Stevens Gretchen A.
- Stieber Jutta
- Stocks Tanja
- Stoeckl Doris
- Stokwiszewski Jakub
- Stronks Karien
- Strufaldi Maria Wany
- Suka Machi
- Sun Chien-An
- Sundstrom Johan
- Sundstrom Johan
- Sung Yn-Tz
- Suriyawongpaisal Paibul
- Sy Rody G.
- Syddall Holly E.
- Sylva Rene Charles
- Szklo Moyses
- Tai E. Shyong
- Tammesoo Mari-Liis
- Tamosiunas Abdonas
- Tan Eng Joo
- Tang Xun
- Tanser Frank
- Tao Yong
- Tarawneh Mohammed Rasoul
- Tarqui-Mamani Carolina B.
- Taylor Anne
- Taylor Julie
- Tebar William R.
- Tell Grethe S.
- Tello Tania
- Tham Yih Chung
- Thankappan K. R.
- Theobald Holger
- Theodoridis Xenophon
- Thijs Lutgarde
- Thinggaard Mikael
- Thomas Nihal
- Thorand Barbara
- Thuesen Betina H.
- Timmermans Erik J.
- Tjandrarini Dwi H.
- Tjonneland Anne
- Toft Ulla
- Tolonen Hanna K.
- Tolstrup Janne S.
- Topbas Murat
- Topor-Madry Roman
- Tornaritis Michael J.
- Torrent Maties
- Torres-Collado Laura
- Touloumi Giota
- Traissac Pierre
- Triantafyllou Areti
- Trichopoulos Dimitrios
- Trichopoulou Antonia
- Trinh Oanh T. H.
- Trivedi Atul
- Tshepo Lechaba
- Tsugane Shoichiro
- Tuliakova Azaliia M.
- Tulloch-Reid Marshall K.
- Tullu Fikru
- Tuomainen Tomi-Pekka
- Tuomilehto Jaakko
- Turley Maria L.
- Twig Gilad
- Tynelius Per
- Tzourio Christophe
- Ueda Peter
- Ugel Eunice
- Ulmer Hanno
- Uusitalo Hannu M. T.
- Valdivia Gonzalo
- Valvi Damaskini
- van Dam Rob M.
- van den Born Bert-Jan
- Van der Heyden Johan
- van der Schouw Yvonne T.
- Van Herck Koen
- Van Schoor Natasja M.
- van Valkengoed Irene G. M.
- van Zutphen Elisabeth M.
- Vanderschueren Dirk
- Vanuzzo Diego
- Varbo Anette
- Varghese Cherian
- Vasan Senthil K.
- Vega Tomas
- Veidebaum Toomas
- Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo
- Veronesi Giovanni
- Verschuren W. M. Monique
- Verstraeten Roosmarijn
- Victora Cesar G.
- Viet Lucie
- Villalpando Salvador
- Vineis Paolo
- Vioque Jesus
- Virtanen Jyrki K.
- Visvikis-Siest Sophie
- Viswanathan Bharathi
- Vlasoff Tiina
- Vollenweider Peter
- Voutilainen Ari
- Vrkic Tajana Zeljkovic
- Wade Alisha N.
- Walton Janette
- Wambiya Elvis O. A.
- Wanderley Junior Rildo de Souza
- Wang Ming-Dong
- Wang Ningli
- Wang Qian
- Wang Xiangjun
- Wang Ya Xing
- Wang Ying-Wei
- Wannamethee S. Goya
- Wareham Nicholas
- Wei Wenbin
- Weres Aneta
- Werner Bo
- Whincup Peter H.
- Widhalm Kurt
- Widyahening Indah S.
- Widyahening Indah S.
- Wiecek Andrzej
- Wilks Rainford J.
- Willeit Johann
- Willeit Peter
- Williams Emmanuel A.
- Wilsgaard Tom
- Wojtyniak Bogdan
- Wong Andrew
- Wong Norazizah Ibrahim
- Wong Tien Yin
- Wong-McClure Roy A.
- Woo Jean
- Woodward Mark
- Woodward Mark
- Wu Frederick C.
- Wu Shouling
- Wyszynska Justyna
- Xu Haiquan
- Xu Liang
- Yaacob Nor Azwany
- Yan Weili
- Yang Ling
- Yang Xiaoguang
- Yang Yang
- Yasuharu Tabara
- Ye Xingwang
- Yiallouros Panayiotis K.
- Yoosefi Moein
- Yoshihara Akihiro
- You San-Lin
- Younger-Coleman Novie O.
- Yusoff Ahmad Faudzi
- Yusoff Muhammad Fadhli Mohd
- Zainuddin Ahmad A.
- Zakavi Seyed Rasoul
- Zamani Farhad
- Zambon Sabina
- Zampelas Antonis
- Zaw Ko Ko
- Zdrojewski Tomasz
- Zdrojewski Tomasz
- Zejglicova Kristyna
- Zeng Yi
- Zhang Luxia
- Zhang Zhen-Yu
- Zhao Dong
- Zhao Ming-Hui
- Zhen Shiqi
- Zheng Yingfeng
- Zholdin Bekbolat
- Zhou Bin
- Zhu Dan
- Zins Marie
- Zitt Emanuel
- Zocalo Yanina
- Zoghlami Nada
- Zuniga Cisneros Julio
- Publication venue
- ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. Copyright (C) 2021 World Health Organization; licensee Elsevier
Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants
- Author
- Abarca-Gomez Leandra
- Abdeen Ziad A.
- Abu-Rmeileh Niveen M.
- Acosta-Cazares Benjamin
- Adams Robert J.
- Aekplakorn Wichai
- Afsana Kaosar
- Afzal Shoaib
- Agdeppa Imelda A.
- Aghazadeh-Attari Javad
- Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A.
- Agyemang Charles
- Ahmad Noor Ani
- Ahmadi Ali
- Ahmadi Naser
- Ahmadi Nastaran
- Ahmadizar Fariba
- Ahmed Soheir H.
- Ahrens Wolfgang
- Ajlouni Kamel
- Al Nsour Mohannad
- Al-Raddadi Rajaa
- Alarouj Monira
- AlBuhairan Fadia
- AlDhukair Shahla
- Ali Mohamed M.
- Alkandari Abdullah
- Alkerwi Ala'a
- Allin Kristine
- Aly Eman
- Amarapurkar Deepak N.
- Amougou Norbert
- Amouyel Philippe
- Andersen Lars Bo
- Anderssen Sigmund A.
- Andre Moura-dos-Santos Marcos
- Anjana Ranjit Mohan
- Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
- Ansong Daniel
- Aounallah-Skhiri Hajer
- Araujo Joana
- Ariansen Inger
- Aris Tahir
- Arku Raphael E.
- Arlappa Nimmathota
- Aryal Krishna K.
- Aspelund Thor
- Assah Felix K.
- Assuncao Maria Cecilia F.
- Auvinen Juha
- Avdicova Maria
- Azevedo Ana
- Azimi-Nezhad Mohsen
- Azizi Fereidoun
- Azmin Mehrdad
- Babu Bontha V.
- Bahijri Suhad
- Balakrishna Nagalla
- Balanova Yulia
- Balanova Yulia
- Bamoshmoosh Mohamed
- Banach Maciej
- Banadinovic Maja
- Bandosz Piotr
- Banegas Jose R.
- Baran Joanna
- Barbagallo Carlo M.
- Barcelo Alberto
- Barkat Amina
- Barreto Marta
- Barros Aluisio J. D.
- Bartosiewicz Anna
- Basit Abdul
- Bastos Joao Luiz D.
- Bata Iqbal
- Batieha Anwar M.
- Batyrbek Assembekov
- Baur Louise A.
- Beaglehole Robert
- Bebakar Wan Mohamad Wan
- Belavendra Antonisamy
- Ben Romdhane Habiba
- Benchekor Sounnia Mediene
- Benet Mikhail
- Bennett James E.
- Bennett James E.
- Benson Lowell S.
- Berkinbayev Salim
- Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio
- Bettiol Heloisa
- Bezerra Jorge
- Bhagyalaxmi Aroor
- Bhargava Santosh K.
- Bia Daniel
- Biasch Katia
- Bikbov Mukharram M.
- Bista Bihungum
- Bjerregaard Peter
- Bjertness Espen
- Bjertness Marius B.
- Bjorkelund Cecilia
- Bloch Katia V.
- Blokstra Anneke
- Bo Simona
- Bobak Martin
- Boeing Heiner
- Boggia Jose G.
- Boissonnet Carlos P.
- Bojesen Stig E.
- Boker Lital Keinan
- Bonet Gorbea Mariano
- Bongard Vanina
- Bonilla-Vargas Alice
- Bopp Matthias
- Borghs Herman
- Bovet Pascal
- Boyer Christopher B.
- Braeckman Lutgart
- Brajkovich Imperia
- Branca Francesco
- Breckenkamp Jรผrgen
- Brenner Hermann
- Brewster Lizzy M.
- Briceno Yajaira
- Brito Miguel
- Bruno Graziella
- Bueno Gloria
- Bueno-de-Mesquita H. Bas
- Bugge Anna
- Burns Con
- Bursztyn Michael
- Cabrera de Leon Antonio
- Cacciottolo Joseph
- Cadena Leticia Hernandez
- Cameron Christine
- Can Gunay
- Candido Ana Paula C.
- Capanzana Mario V.
- Capkova Nadezda
- Capuano Eduardo
- Capuano Vincenzo
- Cardoso Viviane C.
- Carlsson Axel C.
- Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M.
- Carvalho Joana
- Casanueva Felipe F.
- Censi Laura
- Cervantes-Loaiza Marvin
- Chadjigeorgiou Charalambos A.
- Chamukuttan Snehalatha
- Chan Angelique W.
- Chan Queenie
- Chaturvedi Himanshu K.
- Chaturvedi Nish
- Chee Miao Li
- Chen Chien-Jen
- Chen Fangfang
- Chen Huashuai
- Chen Shuohua
- Chen Zhengming
- Cheng Ching-Yu
- Cheraghian Bahman
- Chetrit Angela
- Chien Kuo-Liong
- Chiolero Arnaud
- Chiou Shu-Ti
- Chirita-Emandi Adela
- Chirlaque Maria-Dolores
- Cho Belong
- Christensen Kaare
- Christofaro Diego G.
- Chudek Jerzy
- Cifkova Renata
- Cifkova Renata
- Cinteza Eliza
- Claessens Frank
- Clarke Janine
- Clays Els
- Cohen Emmanuel
- Concin Hans
- Cooper Cyrus
- Coppinger Tara C.
- Cordeiro da Silva Bruna Goncalves
- Costanzo Simona
- Cottel Dominique
- Cowan Melanie J.
- Cowell Chris
- Craig Cora L.
- Crampin Amelia C.
- Crujeiras Ana B.
- Cruz Juan J.
- Csilla Semanova
- Cui Liufu
- Cureau Felipe V.
- Cuschieri Sarah
- D'Arrigo Graziella
- d'Orsi Eleonora
- Dallongeville Jean
- Damasceno Albertino
- Damasceno Albertino
- Danaei Goodarz
- Danaei Goodarz
- Dankner Rachel
- Dantoft Thomas M.
- Dauchet Luc
- Davletov Kairat
- De Backer Guy
- De Bacquer Dirk
- De Curtis Amalia
- de Gaetano Giovanni
- De Henauw Stefaan
- de Moura Silva Caroline Ramos
- de Oliveira Paula Duarte
- de Paiva Karina Mary
- De Ridder David
- De Smedt Delphine
- de Wit Tobias F. Rinke
- Deepa Mohan
- Deev Alexander D.
- DeGennaro Vincent Jr
- Dekkaki Imane Cherkaoui
- del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez Maria
- Delisle Helene
- Demarest Stefaan
- Dennison Elaine
- Deschamps Valerie
- Dhimal Meghnath
- Di Castelnuovo Augusto F.
- Dias-da-Costa Juvenal Soares
- Diaz Alejandro
- Dickerson Ty T.
- Dika Zivka
- Dinc Gonul Horasan
- Djalalinia Shirin
- Do Ha T. P.
- Dobson Annette J.
- Doering Angela
- Doerr Marcus
- Donfrancesco Chiara
- Donoso Silvana P.
- Dorobantu Maria
- Doua Kouamelan
- Dragano Nico
- Drygas Wojciech
- Duante Charmaine A.
- Duboz Priscilla
- Duda Rosemary B.
- Dulskiene Virginija
- Dushpanova Anar
- Dzakula Aleksandar
- Dzerve Vilnis
- Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk Elzbieta
- Eddie Ricky
- Eftekhar Ebrahim
- Eggertsen Robert
- Eghtesad Sareh
- Eiben Gabriele
- Ekelund Ulf
- El Ati Jalila
- El-Khateeb Mohammad
- Eldemire-Shearer Denise
- Eliasen Marie
- Elisa Zapata Maria
- Elliott Paul
- Elliott Paul
- Elosua Roberto
- Erasmus Rajiv T.
- Erbel Raimund
- Erem Cihangir
- Eriksen Louise
- Eriksson Johan G.
- Escobedo-de la Pena Jorge
- Eslami Saeid
- Esmaeili Ali
- Evans Alun
- Ezzati Majid
- Faeh David
- Fakhretdinova Albina A.
- Fall Caroline H.
- Faramarzi Elnaz
- Farjam Mojtaba
- Farzadfar Farshad
- Farzadfar Farshad
- Fattahi Mohammad Reza
- Fawwad Asher
- Felix Stephan B.
- Felix-Redondo Francisco J.
- Ferguson Trevor S.
- Fernandes Romulo A.
- Fernandez-Berges Daniel
- Ferrante Daniel
- Ferrao Thomas
- Ferrari Marika
- Ferrario Marco M.
- Ferreccio Catterina
- Ferreira Haroldo S.
- Ferrer Eldridge
- Ferrieres Jean
- Figueiro Thamara Hubler
- Fink Gunther
- Fischer Krista
- Foo Leng Huat
- Forsner Maria
- Fouad Heba M.
- Francis Damian K.
- Franco Maria do Carmo
- Frikke-Schmidt Ruth
- Frontera Guillermo
- Fuchs Flavio D.
- Fuchs Sandra C.
- Fujita Yuki
- Fumihiko Matsuda
- Furdela Viktoriya
- Furer Ariel
- Furusawa Takuro
- Gaciong Zbigniew
- Galbarczyk Andrzej
- Galenkamp Henrike
- Galvano Fabio
- Gao Jingli
- Gao Pei
- Garcia Pablo
- Garcia-de-la-Hera Manoli
- Gareta Dickman
- Garnett Sarah P.
- Gaspoz Jean-Michel
- Gasull Magda
- Gazzinelli Andrea
- Gehring Ulrike
- Geleijnse Johanna M.
- George Ronnie
- Ghanbari Ali
- Ghasemi Erfan
- Gheorghe-Fronea Oana-Florentina
- Ghimire Anup
- Gialluisi Alessandro
- Giampaoli Simona
- Gieger Christian
- Gill Tiffany K.
- Giovannelli Jonathan
- Gironella Glen
- Giwercman Aleksander
- Gkiouras Konstantinos
- Glavic Mihalea Marinovic
- Goldberg Marcel
- Goldsmith Rebecca A.
- Gomes Barros Mauro Virgilio
- Gomez Luis F.
- Gomula Aleksandra
- Goncalves Helen
- Goncalves Mauer
- Gonzalez Angel R.
- Gonzalez-Chica David A.
- Gonzalez-Gross Marcela
- Gonzalez-Rivas Juan P.
- Gonzalez-Villalpando Clicerio
- Gonzalez-Villalpando Maria-Elena
- Gottrand Frederic
- Graff-Iversen Sidsel
- Grafnetter Dusan
- Grajda Aneta
- Grammatikopoulou Maria G.
- Gregg Edward W.
- Gregor Ronald D.
- Grodzicki Tomasz
- Grosso Giuseppe
- Gruden Gabriella
- Gu Dongfeng
- Guan Ong Peng
- Gudmundsson Elias F.
- Gudnason Vilmundur
- Guerrero Ramiro
- Guessous Idris
- Guimaraes Andre L.
- Gulliford Martin C.
- Gunnlaugsdottir Johanna
- Gunter Marc J.
- Gupta Prakash C.
- Gupta Rajeev
- Gureje Oye
- Gurzkowska Beata
- Gutierrez Laura
- Gutzwiller Felix
- Ha Seongjun
- Hadaegh Farzad
- Haghshenas Rosa
- Hakimi Hamid
- Halkjaer Jytte
- Hambleton Ian R.
- Hamzeh Behrooz
- Hange Dominique
- Hanif Abu A. M.
- Hantunen Sari
- Hao Jie
- Hardman Carla Meneses
- Hashemi-Shahri Seyed Mohammad
- Hata Jun
- Haugsgjerd Teresa
- Hayes Alison J.
- He Jiang
- He Jiang
- He Yuna
- Heier Margit
- Hendriks Marleen Elisabeth
- Henrique Rafael dos Santos
- Henriques Ana
- Herrala Sauli
- Heshmat Ramin
- Hill Allan G.
- Ho Sai Yin
- Ho Suzanne C.
- Hoang Van Minh Hoang Van Minh
- Hobbs Michael
- Holdsworth Michelle
- Homayounfar Reza
- Horimoto Andrea R. V. R.
- Hormiga Claudia M.
- Horta Bernardo L.
- Houti Leila
- Howitt Christina
- Htay Thein Thein
- Htet Aung Soe
- Htike Maung Maung Than
- Hu Yonghua
- Huerta Jose Maria
- Huhtaniemi Ilpo Tapani
- Huiart Laetitia
- Huisman Martijn
- Husseini Abdullatif S.
- Huybrechts Inge
- Hwalla Nahla
- Iacoviello Licia
- Iannone Anna G.
- Ibrahim Mohsen M.
- Ikeda Nayu
- Ikeda Nayu
- Ikram M. Arfan
- Iotova Violeta
- Irazola Vilma E.
- Ishida Takafumi
- Isiguzo Godsent C.
- Islam Muhammad
- Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
- Iurilli Maria L. C.
- Iwasaki Masanori
- Jackson Rod T.
- Jacobs Jeremy M.
- Jaddou Hashem Y.
- Jafar Tazeen
- James Kenneth
- Jamrozik Konrad
- Janszky Imre
- Janus Edward
- Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta
- Jasienska Grazyna
- Jelakovic Ana
- Jelakovic Bojan
- Jennings Garry
- Jerome Charles Sossa
- Jha Anjani Kumar
- Jiang Chao Qiang
- Jimenez Ramon O.
- Joeckel Karl-Heinz
- Joffres Michel
- Johansson Mattias
- Jokelainen Jari J.
- Jonas Jost B.
- Jorgensen Torben
- Jose Tormo Maria
- Joshi Pradeep
- Joukar Farahnaz
- Jozwiak Jacek
- Juolevi Anne
- Jurak Gregor
- Juresa Vesna
- Kaaks Rudolf
- Kafatos Anthony
- Kajantie Eero O.
- Kalmatayeva Zhanna
- Kalpourtzi Natasa
- Kalter-Leibovici Ofra
- Kampmann Freja B.
- Kannan Srinivasan
- Karaglani Eva
- Karhus Line L.
- Karki Khem B.
- Katibeh Marzieh
- Katz Joanne
- Kauhanen Jussi
- Kaur Prabhdeep
- Kavousi Maryam
- Kazakbaeva Gyulli M.
- Keil Ulrich
- Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi Sirkka
- Kelishadi Roya
- Kemper Han C. G.
- Kengne Andre P.
- Kengne Andre P.
- Keramati Maryam
- Kerimkulova Alina
- Kersting Mathilde
- Key Timothy
- Khader Yousef Saleh
- Khalili Davood
- Khang Young-Ho
- Khang Young-Ho
- Khanh Le Nguyen Bao Khanh Le Nguyen Bao
- Khaw Kay-Tee
- Kheiri Bahareh
- Kheradmand Motahareh
- Khosravi Alireza
- Kiechl Stefan
- Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Ursula
- Killewo Japhet
- Kim Dong Wook
- Kim Hyeon Chang
- Kim Hyeon Chang
- Kim Jeongseon
- Klakk Heidi
- Klimek Magdalena
- Klumbiene Jurate
- Knoflach Michael
- Kolle Elin
- Kolsteren Patrick
- Kontto Jukka P.
- Korpelainen Raija
- Korrovits Paul
- Kos Jelena
- Koskinen Seppo
- Kouda Katsuyasu
- Kowlessur Sudhir
- Koziel Slawomir
- Kratenova Jana
- Kriaucioniene Vilma
- Kristensen Peter Lund
- Krokstad Steiner
- Kromhout Daan
- Kruger Herculina S.
- Kubinova Ruzena
- Kuciene Renata
- Kujala Urho M.
- Kulaga Zbigniew
- Kumar R. Krishna
- Kumar Rachakulla Hari
- Kurjata Pawel
- Kusuma Yadlapalli S.
- Kutsenko Vladimir
- Kuulasmaa Kari
- Kyobutungi Catherine
- Laatikainen Tiina
- Lachat Carl
- Laid Youcef
- Lam Tai Hing
- Landrove Orlando
- Lanska Vera
- Lappas Georg
- Larijani Bagher
- Latt Tint Swe
- Laxmaiah Avula
- Laxmaiah Avula
- Le Coroller Gwenaelle
- Le Tuyen D.
- Lee Jeannette
- Lee Jeonghee
- Lehmann Nils
- Lehtimaki Terho
- Lele Elysee Claude Bika
- Lemogoum Daniel
- Levitt Naomi S.
- Lhoste Victor P. F.
- Li Yanping
- Lilly Christa L.
- Lim Wei-Yen
- Lima-Costa M. Fernanda
- Lin Hsien-Ho
- Lin Hsien-Ho
- Lin Xu
- Lin Yi-Ting
- Lind Lars
- Lingam Vijaya
- Linneberg Allan
- Lissner Lauren
- Litwin Mieczyslaw
- Lo Wei-Cheng
- Loit Helle-Mai
- Lopez Tania
- Lopez-Garcia Esther
- Lotufo Paulo A.
- Lovrencic Iva Lukacevic
- Lozano Jose Eugenio
- Lukrafka Janice L.
- Luksiene Dalia
- Lundqvist Annamari
- Lundqvist Robert
- Lunet Nuno
- Lustigova Michala
- Luszczki Edyta
- Ma Guansheng
- Ma Jun
- Machado-Coelho George L. L.
- Machado-Rodrigues Aristides M.
- Macia Enguerran
- Macieira Luisa M.
- Madar Ahmed A.
- Maggi Stefania
- Magliano Dianna J.
- Magriplis Emmanuella
- Mahasampath Gowri
- Maire Bernard
- Majer Marjeta
- Makdisse Marcia
- Malekzadeh Fatemeh
- Malekzadeh Reza
- Malhotra Rahul
- Mallikharjuna Kodavanti
- Malyutina Sofia K.
- Maniego Lynell V.
- Manios Yannis
- Mann Jim I.
- Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz
- Manzato Enzo
- Marcil Anie
- Margozzini Maira Paula
- Margozzini Paula
- Marild Staffan B.
- Marques Larissa Pruner
- Marques-Vidal Pedro
- Marrugat Jaume
- Martorell Reynaldo
- Mascarenhas Luis P.
- Matasin Marija
- Mathiesen Ellisiv B.
- Mathur Prashant
- Matijasevich Alicia
- Matlosz Piotr
- Matsha Tandi E.
- Mavrogianni Christina
- Mbanya Jean Claude N.
- Mc Donald Posso Anselmo J.
- McFarlane Shelly R.
- McGarvey Stephen T.
- McLachlan Stela
- McLean Rachael M.
- McLean Scott B.
- McNulty Breige A.
- Medzioniene Jurate
- Mehdipour Parinaz
- Mehlig Kirsten
- Mehrparvar Amir Houshang
- Meirhaeghe Aline
- Meisinger Christa
- Mendoza Montano Carlos
- Menezes Ana Maria B.
- Menon Geetha R.
- Mereke Alibek
- Meshram Indrapal I.
- Metspalu Andres
- Meyer Haakon E.
- Mi Jie
- Michels Nathalie
- Mikkel Kairit
- Milanovic Sanja Music
- Milkowska Karolina
- Miller Jody C.
- Minderico Claudia S.
- Mini G. K.
- Miranda J. Jaime
- Miranda J. Jaime
- Mirjalili Mohammad Reza
- Mirrakhimov Erkin
- Misigoj-Durakovic Marjeta
- Modesti Pietro A.
- Moghaddam Sahar Saeedi
- Mohajer Bahram
- Mohamed Mostafa K.
- Mohamed Shukri F.
- Mohammad Kazem
- Mohammadi Mohammad Reza
- Mohammadi Zahra
- Mohammadifard Noushin
- Mohammadpourhodki Reza
- Mohamud Wan Nazaimoon Wan
- Mohan Viswanathan
- Mohanna Salim
- Mohebbi Iraj
- Mohebi Farnam
- Moitry Marie
- Mollehave Line T.
- Molnar Denes
- Momenan Amirabbas
- Mondo Charles K.
- Monterrubio-Flores Eric
- Monyeki Kotsedi Daniel K.
- Moon Jin Soo
- Moosazadeh Mahmood
- Moreira Leila B.
- Morejon Alain
- Moreno Luis A.
- Morgan Karen
- Moschonis George
- Mossakowska Malgorzata
- Mostafa Aya
- Mostafavi Seyed-Ali
- Mota Jorge
- Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeel
- Motta Jorge
- Mridha Malay K.
- Msyamboza Kelias P.
- Mu Thet Thet
- Muhihi Alfa J.
- Muiesan Maria L.
- Muller-Nurasyid Martina
- Murphy Neil
- Mursu Jaakko
- Musa Kamarul Imran
- Musil Vera
- Mustafa Norlaila
- Nabipour Iraj
- Naderimagham Shohreh
- Nagel Gabriele
- Naidu Balkish M.
- Najafi Farid
- Nakamura Harunobu
- Namesna Jana
- Nang Ei Ei K.
- Nangia Vinay B.
- Narake Sameer
- Ndiaye Ndeye Coumba
- Neal William A.
- Nejatizadeh Azim
- Nenko Ilona
- Neovius Martin
- Neuhauser Hannelore
- Neuhauser Hannelore K.
- Nguyen Chung T.
- Nguyen Nguyen D.
- Nguyen Quang V.
- Nieto-Martinez Ramfis E.
- Niiranen Teemu J.
- Nikitin Yury P.
- Ninomiya Toshiharu
- Nishtar Sania
- Njelekela Marina A.
- Noale Marianna
- Noboa Oscar A.
- Noorbala Ahmad Ali
- Norat Teresa
- Nordendahl Maria
- Nordestgaard Borge G.
- Noto Davide
- Nowak-Szczepanska Natalia
- Nunes Baltazar
- O'Neill Terence W.
- O'Reilly Dermot
- Ochimana Caleb
- Oda Eiji
- Odili Augustine N.
- Oh Kyungwon
- Ohara Kumiko
- Ohtsuka Ryutaro
- Olie Valerie
- Olinto Maria Teresa A.
- Oliveira Isabel O.
- Omar Mohd Azahadi
- Onat Altan
- Ong Sok King
- Ono Lariane M.
- Ordunez Pedro
- Ornelas Rui
- Ortiz Pedro J.
- Osmond Clive
- Ostojic Sergej M.
- Ostovar Afshin
- Otero Johanna A.
- Overvad Kim
- Owusu-Dabo Ellis
- Paccaud Fred Michel
- Paciorek Christopher J.
- Padez Cristina
- Pahomova Elena
- Pajak Andrzej
- Palli Domenico
- Palmieri Luigi
- Pan Wen-Harn
- Panda-Jonas Songhomitra
- Panza Francesco
- Paoli Mariela
- Papandreou Dimitrios
- Park Soon-Woo
- Park Suyeon
- Parnell Winsome R.
- Parsaeian Mahboubeh
- Pasquet Patrick
- Patel Nikhil D.
- Pavlyshyn Halyna
- Pecin Ivan
- Pednekar Mangesh S.
- Pedro Joao M.
- Peer Nasheeta
- Peixoto Sergio Viana
- Peltonen Markku
- Pereira Alexandre C.
- Peres Karen G. D. A.
- Peres Marco A.
- Peters Annette
- Petkeviciene Janina
- Peykari Niloofar
- Pichardo Rafael N.
- Pigeot Iris
- Pikhart Hynek
- Pilav Aida
- Pilotto Lorenza
- Pitakaka Freda
- Piwonska Aleksandra
- Pizarro Andreia N.
- Plans-Rubio Pedro
- Polasek Ozren
- Porta Miquel
- Poudyal Anil
- Pourfarzi Farhad
- Pourshams Akram
- Poustchi Hossein
- Pradeepa Rajendra
- Price Alison J.
- Price Jacqueline F.
- Providencia Rui
- Puhakka Soile E.
- Puiu Maria
- Punab Margus
- Qasrawi Radwan F.
- Qorbani Mostafa
- Quang Ngoc Nguyen Quang Ngoc Nguyen
- Queiroz Daniel
- Radic Ivana
- Radisauskas Ricardas
- Rahim Hanan F. Abdul
- Rahimikazerooni Salar
- Rahman Mahfuzar
- Raitakari Olli
- Raj Manu
- Rakhimova Ellina M.
- Ramachandran Ambady
- Ramos Elisabete
- Rampal Lekhraj
- Rampal Sanjay
- Rangel Reina Daniel A.
- Rao Sudha Ramachandra
- Rarra Vayia
- Rech Cassiano Ricardo
- Redon Josep
- Reganit Paul Ferdinand M.
- Regecova Valeria
- Revilla Luis
- Rezaianzadeh Abbas
- Ribeiro Robespierre
- Riboli Elio
- Richter Adrian
- Rigo Fernando
- Riley Leanne M.
- Ritti-Dias Raphael M.
- Robitaille Cynthia
- Rodriguez-Artalejo Fernando
- Rodriguez-Villamizar Laura A.
- Roggenbuck Ulla
- Rojas-Martinez Rosalba
- Romaguera Dora
- Romeo Elisabetta L.
- Rosengren Annika
- Roy Joel G. R.
- Rubinstein Adolfo
- Ruidavets Jean-Bernard
- Ruiz-Castell Maria
- Rusakova Iuliia A.
- Russo Paola
- Rutkowski Marcin
- Sabanayagam Charumathi
- Sabbaghi Hamideh
- Sachdev Harshpal S.
- Sadjadi Alireza
- Safarpour Ali Reza
- Safi Sare
- Safiri Saeid
- Saidi Olfa
- Sakarya Sibel
- Saki Nader
- Salanave Benoit
- Salazar Martinez Eduardo
- Salmeron Diego
- Salomaa Veikko
- Salonen Jukka T.
- Salvetti Massimo
- Sanchez-Abanto Jose
- Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt Blanca
- Sans Susana
- Santos Silva Diego Augusto
- Santos Diana A.
- Santos Ina S.
- Santos Lelita C.
- Santos Maria Paula
- Santos Rute
- Saramies Jouko L.
- Sardinha Luis B.
- Sarganas Giselle
- Sarrafzadegan Nizal
- Sathish Thirunavukkarasu
- Saum Kai-Uwe
- Savin Stefan
- Savva Savvas
- Sawada Norie
- Sbaraini Mariana
- Scazufca Marcia
- Schaan Beatriz D.
- Schargrodsky Herman
- Schipf Sabine
- Schmidt Carsten O.
- Schnohr Peter
- Schoettker Ben
- Schramm Sara
- Schultsz Constance
- Schutte Aletta E.
- Sebert Sylvain
- Sein Aye Aye
- Sen Abhijit
- Senbanjo Idowu O.
- Sepanlou Sadaf G.
- Servais Jennifer
- Shalnova Svetlana A.
- Shamah-Levy Teresa
- Shamshirgaran Morteza
- Shanthirani Coimbatore Subramaniam
- Sharafkhah Maryam
- Sharma Sanjib K.
- Shaw Jonathan E.
- Shayanrad Amaneh
- Shayesteh Ali Akbar
- Shi Zumin
- Shibuya Kenji
- Shimizu-Furusawa Hana
- Shin Dong Wook
- Shirani Majid
- Shiri Rahman
- Shrestha Namuna
- Si-Ramlee Khairil
- Siani Alfonso
- Siantar Rosalynn
- Sibai Abla M.
- Simon Mary
- Simons Judith
- Simons Leon A.
- Singleton Rosie K.
- Sjostrom Michael
- Slowikowska-Hilczer Jolanta
- Slusarczyk Przemyslaw
- Smeeth Liam
- So Hung-Kwan
- Soares Fernanda Cunha
- Sobngwi Eugene
- Soderberg Stefan
- Soemantri Agustinus
- Sofat Reecha
- Solfrizzi Vincenzo
- Solomon Bethlehem
- Somi Mohammad Hossein
- Son Thai Pham Son Thai Pham
- Sonestedt Emily
- Song Yi
- Sophiea Marisa K.
- Sorensen Thorkild I. A.
- Sorgjerd Elin P.
- Soric Maroje
- Soumare Aicha
- Sparboe-Nilsen Bente
- Sparrenberger Karen
- Staessen Jan A.
- Starc Gregor
- Stavreski Bill
- Steene-Johannessen Jostein
- Stehle Peter
- Stein Aryeh D.
- Stergiou George S.
- Stessman Jochanan
- Stevens Gretchen A.
- Stieber Jutta
- Stocks Tanja
- Stoeckl Doris
- Stokwiszewski Jakub
- Stronks Karien
- Strufaldi Maria Wany
- Suka Machi
- Sun Chien-An
- Sundstrom Johan
- Sundstrom Johan
- Sung Yn-Tz
- Suriyawongpaisal Paibul
- Sy Rody G.
- Syddall Holly E.
- Sylva Rene Charles
- Szklo Moyses
- Tai E. Shyong
- Tammesoo Mari-Liis
- Tamosiunas Abdonas
- Tan Eng Joo
- Tang Xun
- Tanser Frank
- Tao Yong
- Tarawneh Mohammed Rasoul
- Tarqui-Mamani Carolina B.
- Taylor Anne
- Taylor Julie
- Tebar William R.
- Tell Grethe S.
- Tello Tania
- Tham Yih Chung
- Thankappan K. R.
- Theobald Holger
- Theodoridis Xenophon
- Thijs Lutgarde
- Thinggaard Mikael
- Thomas Nihal
- Thorand Barbara
- Thuesen Betina H.
- Timmermans Erik J.
- Tjandrarini Dwi H.
- Tjonneland Anne
- Toft Ulla
- Tolonen Hanna K.
- Tolstrup Janne S.
- Topbas Murat
- Topor-Madry Roman
- Tornaritis Michael J.
- Torrent Maties
- Torres-Collado Laura
- Touloumi Giota
- Traissac Pierre
- Tran Quoc Bao Tran Quoc Bao
- Triantafyllou Areti
- Trichopoulos Dimitrios
- Trichopoulou Antonia
- Trinh Oanh T. H.
- Trivedi Atul
- Tshepo Lechaba
- Tsugane Shoichiro
- Tuliakova Azaliia M.
- Tulloch-Reid Marshall K.
- Tullu Fikru
- Tuomainen Tomi-Pekka
- Tuomilehto Jaakko
- Turley Maria L.
- Twig Gilad
- Tynelius Per
- Tzourio Christophe
- Ueda Peter
- Ugel Eunice
- Ulmer Hanno
- Uusitalo Hannu M. T.
- Valdivia Gonzalo
- Valvi Damaskini
- van Dam Rob M.
- van den Born Bert-Jan
- Van der Heyden Johan
- van der Schouw Yvonne T.
- Van Herck Koen
- Van Schoor Natasja M.
- van Valkengoed Irene G. M.
- van Zutphen Elisabeth M.
- Vanderschueren Dirk
- Vanuzzo Diego
- Varbo Anette
- Varghese Cherian
- Vasan Senthil K.
- Vega Tomas
- Veidebaum Toomas
- Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo
- Veronesi Giovanni
- Verschuren W. M. Monique
- Verstraeten Roosmarijn
- Victora Cesar G.
- Viet Lucie
- Villalpando Salvador
- Vineis Paolo
- Vioque Jesus
- Virtanen Jyrki K.
- Visvikis-Siest Sophie
- Viswanathan Bharathi
- Vlasoff Tiina
- Vollenweider Peter
- Voutilainen Ari
- Vrkic Tajana Zeljkovic
- Wade Alisha N.
- Walton Janette
- Wambiya Elvis O. A.
- Wanderley Junior Rildo de Souza
- Wang Ming-Dong
- Wang Ningli
- Wang Qian
- Wang Xiangjun
- Wang Ya Xing
- Wang Ying-Wei
- Wannamethee S. Goya
- Wareham Nicholas
- Wei Wenbin
- Weres Aneta
- Werner Bo
- Whincup Peter H.
- Widhalm Kurt
- Widyahening Indah S.
- Widyahening Indah S.
- Wiecek Andrzej
- Wilks Rainford J.
- Willeit Johann
- Willeit Peter
- Williams Emmanuel A.
- Wilsgaard Tom
- Wojtyniak Bogdan
- Wong Andrew
- Wong Norazizah Ibrahim
- Wong Tien Yin
- Wong-McClure Roy A.
- Woo Jean
- Woodward Mark
- Woodward Mark
- Wu Frederick C.
- Wu Shouling
- Wyszynska Justyna
- Xu Haiquan
- Xu Liang
- Yaacob Nor Azwany
- Yan Weili
- Yang Ling
- Yang Xiaoguang
- Yang Yang
- Yasuharu Tabara
- Ye Xingwang
- Yiallouros Panayiotis K.
- Yoosefi Moein
- Yoshihara Akihiro
- You San-Lin
- Younger-Coleman Novie O.
- Yusoff Ahmad Faudzi
- Yusoff Muhammad Fadhli Mohd
- Zainuddin Ahmad A.
- Zakavi Seyed Rasoul
- Zamani Farhad
- Zambon Sabina
- Zampelas Antonis
- Zaw Ko Ko
- Zdrojewski Tomasz
- Zdrojewski Tomasz
- Zejglicova Kristyna
- Zeng Yi
- Zhang Luxia
- Zhang Zhen-Yu
- Zhao Dong
- Zhao Ming-Hui
- Zhen Shiqi
- Zheng Yingfeng
- Zholdin Bekbolat
- Zhou Bin
- Zhu Dan
- Zins Marie
- Zitt Emanuel
- Zocalo Yanina
- Zoghlami Nada
- Zuniga Cisneros Julio
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
Background
Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories.
Methods
We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30โ79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age.
Findings
The number of people aged 30โ79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306โ359) million women and 317 (292โ344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584โ668) million women and 652 (604โ698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55โ62) of women and 49% (46โ52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43โ51) of women and 38% (35โ41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20โ27) for women and 18% (16โ21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran.
Interpretation
Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings
Contributions of mean and shape of blood pressure distribution to worldwide trends and variations in raised blood pressure: A pooled analysis of 1018 population-based measurement studies with 88.6 million participants
- Author
- Abarca-Gรณmez Leandra
- Abdeen Ziad A
- Abu-Rmeileh Niveen M
- Acosta-Cazares Benjamin
- Adams Robert J
- Aekplakorn Wichai
- Afsana Kaosar
- Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A
- Agyemang Charles
- Ahmad Noor Ani
- Ahmadvand Alireza
- Ahrens Wolfgang
- Ajlouni Kamel
- Akhtaeva Nazgul
- Al Nsour Mohannad
- Al-Raddadi Rajaa
- al-Safi Ismail Aziz
- Ali Mohamed M
- Ali Osman
- Alkerwi Ala'a
- Aly Eman
- Amarapurkar Deepak N
- Amouyel Philippe
- Amuzu Antoinette
- Andersen Lars Bo
- Anderssen Sigmund Alfred
- Anjana Ranjit Mohan
- Ansong Daniel
- Aounallah-Skhiri Hajer
- Araujo Joana
- Ariansen Inger
- Aris Tahir
- Arlappa Nimmathota
- Arveiler Dominique
- Aryal Krishna K
- Aspelund Thor
- Assah Felix K
- Assunรงรฃo Maria Cecรญlia Formoso
- Avdicova Macria
- Azevedo Ana
- Azizi Fereidoun
- Babu Bontha V
- Bahijri Suhad
- Balakrishna Nagalla
- Bamoshmoosh Mohamed
- Banach Maciej
- Bandosz Piotr
- Banegas Jose R
- Bao Khanh Le Nguyen
- Bao Tran Quoc
- Barbagallo Carlo M
- Barcelรณ Alberto
- Barkat Amina
- Barros Aluisio JD
- Barros Mauro V
- Bata Iqbal
- Batieha Anwar M
- Batyrbek Assembekov
- Baur Louise A
- Beaglehole Robert
- Benet Mikhail
- Bennett James
- Benson Lowell S
- Bentham James
- Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio
- Bernotiene Gailute
- Bettiol Heloisa
- Bhagyalaxmi Aroor
- Bharadwaj Sumit
- Bhargava Santosh K
- Bi Yufang
- Bikbov Mukharram
- Bilano Ver
- Bista Bihungum
- Bixby Honor
- Bjerregaard Peter
- Bjertness Espen
- Bjertness Marius Bergsmark
- Bjรถrkelund Cecilia
- Blokstra Anneke
- Bo Simona
- Bobak Martin
- Boeing Heiner
- Boggia Jose G
- Boissonnet Carlos P
- Boker Lital Keinan
- Bongard Vanina
- Borchini Rossana
- Bovet Pascal
- Braeckman Lutgart
- Brajkovich Imperia
- Branca Francesco
- Breckenkamp Juergen
- Brenner Hermann
- Brewster Lizzy M
- Bruno Graziella
- Bueno-De-Mesquita Hendrik Bastiaan
- Bugge Anna
- Burns Con
- Bursztyn Michael
- Cacciottolo Joseph
- Cadena Leticia Hernandez
- Cai Hui
- Cameron Christine
- Can Gunay
- Candido Ana Paula C
- Capuano Vincenzo
- Cardoso Viviane C
- Carlsson Axel C
- Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M
- Carvalho Maria J
- Casanueva Felipe F
- Casas Juan-Pablo
- Caserta Carmelo A
- Chamukuttan Snehalatha
- Chan Angelique W
- Chan Queenie
- Chaturvedi Himanshu K
- Chaturvedi Nishi
- Chen Chien-Jen
- Chen Fangfang
- Chen Huashuai
- Chen Shuohua
- Chen Zhengming
- Cheng Ching-Yu
- Chetrit Angela
- Chiolero Arnaud
- Chiou Shu-Ti
- Chirita-Emandi Adela
- Chirlaque Maria-Dolores
- Cho Belong
- Cho Yumi
- Christofaro Diego G
- Chudek Jerzy
- Cifkova Renata
- Cinteza Eliza
- Cisneros Julio Zuรฑiga
- Claessens Frank
- Clays Els
- Concin Hans
- Cooper Cyrus
- Cooper Rachel
- Coppinger Tara C
- Costanzo Simona
- Cottel Dominique
- Cowan Melanie J
- Cowell Chris
- Craig Cora L
- Crujeiras Ana B
- Cruz Juan J
- D'Arrigo Graziella
- d'Orsi Eleonora
- Dallongeville Jean
- Damasceno Albertino
- Danaei Goodarz
- Dankner Rachel
- Dantoft Thomas M
- Dauchet Luc
- Davletov Kairat
- De Backer Guy
- De Bacquer Dirk
- de Gaetano Giovanni
- De Henauw Stefaan
- de Lรฉon Antonio Cabrera
- de Oliveira Paula Duarte
- De Smedt Delphine
- Deepa Mohan
- Dehghan Abbas
- Dekkaki Imane Cherkaoui
- Delisle Helene
- Deschamps Valerie
- Dhana Klodian
- Di Castelnuovo Augusto F
- Di Cesare Mariachiara
- Dias-da-Costa Juvenal Soares
- Diaz Alejandro
- Dickerson Ty T
- Dinc Gonul Horasan
- Djalalinia Shirin
- Do Ha TP
- Dobson Annette J
- Donfrancesco Chiara
- Donoso Silvana P
- Doring Angela
- Dorobantu Maria
- Doua Kouamelan
- Drygas Wojciech
- Dulskiene Virginija
- Dzakula Aleksandar
- Dzerve Vilnis
- Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk Elzbieta
- Eggertsen Robert
- Ekelund Ulf
- El Ati Jalila
- Elliott Paul
- Elosua Roberto
- Erasmus Rajiv T
- Erem Cihangir
- Eriksen Louise
- Eriksson Johan G
- Escobedo-de la Peรฑa Jorge
- Evans Alun
- Ezzati Majid
- Faeh David
- Fall Caroline H
- Farzadfar Farshad
- Felix-Redondo Francisco J
- Ferguson Trevor S
- Fernandes Romulo A
- Fernandez-Berges Daniel
- Ferrante Daniel
- Ferrari Marika
- Ferreccio Catterina
- Ferrieres Jean
- Finn Joseph D
- Fischer Krista
- Foger Bernhard
- Foo Leng Huat
- Forslund Ann-Sofie
- Forsner Maria
- Fouad Heba M
- Francis Damian K
- Franco Maria do Carmo
- Franco Oscar H
- Frontera Guillermo
- Fuchs Flavio D
- Fuchs Sandra C
- Fujita Yuki
- Furusawa Takuro
- Gaciong Zbigniew
- Galvano Fabio
- Garcia-de-la-Hera Manoli
- Gareta Dickman
- Garnett Sarah P
- Gaspoz Jean-Michel
- Gasull Magda
- Gates Louise
- Geleijnse Johanna M
- Ghasemian Anoosheh
- Ghimire Anup
- Giampaoli Simona
- Gianfagna Francesco
- Gill Tiffany K
- Giovannelli Jonathan
- Goldsmith Rebecca A
- Gonzalez-Gross Marcela
- Gonzรกlez-Rivas Juan P
- Gonรงalves Helen
- Gorbea Mariano Bonet
- Gottrand Frederic
- Graff-Iversen Sidsel
- Grafnetter Dusan
- Grajda Aneta
- Grammatikopoulou Maria G
- Gregor Ronald D
- Grodzicki Tomasz
- Grosso Giuseppe
- Gruden Gabriella
- Grujic Vera
- Grรธntved Anders
- Gu Dongfeng
- Guan Ong Peng
- Gudmundsson Elias F
- Gudnason Vilmundur
- Guerrero Ramiro
- Guessous Idris
- Guimaraes Andre L
- Gulliford Martin C
- Gunnlaugsdรณttir Johanna
- Gunter Marc
- Gupta Prakash C
- Gupta Rajeev
- Gureje Oye
- Gurzkowska Beata
- Gutierrez Laura
- Gutzwiller Felix
- Hadaegh Farzad
- Hajifathalian Kaveh
- Halkjรฆr Jytte
- Hambleton Ian R
- Hardy Rebecca
- Hata Jun
- Hayes Alison J
- He Jiang
- He Yuna
- Hendriks Marleen Elisabeth
- Henriques Ana
- Herrala Sauli
- Heshmat Ramin
- Hihtaniemi Ilpo Tapani
- Ho Sai Yin
- Ho Suzanne C
- Hobbs Michael
- Hofman Albert
- Horimoto Andrea RVR
- Hormiga Claudia M
- Horta Bernardo L
- Houti Leila
- Howitt Christina
- Htay Thein Thein
- Htet Aung Soe
- Htike Maung Maung Than
- Hu Yonghua
- Huerta Josรฉ Marรญa
- Huisman Martijn
- Husseini Abdullatif S
- Huybrechts Inge
- Hwalla Nahla
- Iacoviello Licia
- Iannone Anna G
- Ibrahim Mohsen M
- Ikeda Nayu
- Ikram M Arfan
- Irazola Vilma E
- Islam Muhammad
- Ivkovic Vanja
- Iwasaki Masanori
- Jackson Rod T
- Jacobs Jeremy M
- Jaddou Hashem
- Jafar Tazeen
- Jamrozik Konrad
- Janszky Imre
- Jasienska Grazyna
- Jelakovic Bojan
- Jennings Garry
- Jeong Seung-Lyeal
- Jiang Chao Qiang
- Joffres Michel
- Johansson Mattias
- Jokelainen Jari J
- Jonas Jost B
- Joshi Pradeep
- Juolevi Anne
- Jurak Gregor
- Juresa Vesna
- Jรฉrome Charles Sossa
- Jรณลบwiak Ana
- Jรณลบwiak Jacek Jerzy
- Jรธrgensen Torben
- Kaaks Rudolf
- Kafatos Anthony
- Kajantie Eero O
- Kalter-Leibovici Ofra
- Kamaruddin Nor Azmi
- Karki Khem B
- Kasaeian Amir
- Katz Joanne
- Kauhanen Jussi
- Kaur Prabhdeep
- Kavousi Maryam
- Kazakbaeva Gyulli
- Keil Ulrich
- Keinรคnen-Kiukaanniemi Sirkka
- Kelishadi Roya
- Kemper Han CG
- Kengne Andre P
- Kengne Andre Pascal
- Kerimkulova Alina
- Kersting Mathilde
- Key Timothy
- Khader Yousef Saleh
- Khalili Davood
- Khang Young-Ho
- Khateeb Mohammad
- Khatibzadeh Shahab
- Khaw Kay-Tee
- Kiechl Stefan
- Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Ursula
- Killewo Japhet
- Kim Jeongseon
- Kim Yeon-Yong
- Klumbiene Jurate
- Knoflach Michael
- Kolle Elin
- Kolsteren Patrick
- Korrovits Paul
- Koskinen Seppo
- Kouda Katsuyasu
- Kowlessur Sudhir
- Koziel Slawomir
- Kriemler Susi
- Kristensen Peter Lund
- Krokstad Steinar
- Kromhout Daan
- Kruger Herculina S
- Kubinova Ruzena
- Kuciene Renata
- Kuh Diana
- Kujala Urho M
- Kulaga Zbigniew
- Kumar R Krishna
- Kumar Rachakulla Hari
- Kurjata Pawel
- Kusuma Yadlapalli S
- Kuulasmaa Kari
- Kyobutungi Catherine
- Laatikainen Tiina
- Lachat Carl
- Lam Tai Hing
- Landrove Orlando
- Lanska Vera
- Lappas Georg
- Larijani Bagher
- Laugsand Lars Erik
- Laxmaiah Avula
- Le Tuyen D
- Leclercq Catherine
- Lee Jeannette
- Lee Jeonghee
- Lehtimรคki Terho
- Leon-Munoz Luz M
- Levitt Naomi S
- Li Yanping
- Lilly Christa L
- Lim Wei-Yen
- Lima-Costa M Fernanda
- Lin Hsien-Ho
- Lin Xu
- Lind Lars
- Linneberg Allan
- Lissner Lauren
- Litwin Mieczyslaw
- Liu Jing
- Lorbeer Roberto
- Lotufo Paulo A
- Lozano Jose Eugenio
- Lugero Charles
- Luksiene Dalia
- Lundqvist Annamari
- Lunet Nuno
- Lytsy Per
- Ma Guansheng
- Ma Jun
- Machado-Coelho George LL
- Machi Suka
- Maggi Stefania
- Magliano Dianna J
- Magriplis Emmanuella
- Majer Marjeta
- Makdisse Marcia
- Malekzadeh Reza
- Malhotra Rahul
- Malyutina Sofia
- Manios Yannis
- Mann Jim I
- Manzato Enzo
- Margozzini Paula
- Marques Larissa Pruner
- Marques-Vidal Pedro
- Marrugat Jaume
- Martinez Eduardo Salazar
- Martorell Reynaldo
- Mathiesen Ellisiv B.
- Matijasevich Alicia
- Matsha Tandi E
- Mbanya Jean Claude N
- McFarlane Shelly R
- McGarvey Stephen T
- McLachlan Stela
- McLean Rachael M
- McLean Scott B
- McNulty Breige A
- Mediene-Benchekor Sounnia
- Medzioniene Jurate
- Meirhaeghe Aline
- Meisinger Christa
- Menezes Ana Maria B
- Menon Geetha R
- Meshram Indrapal I
- Metspalu Andres
- Meyer Haakon E
- Mi Jie
- Mikkel Kairit
- Miller Jody C
- Minderico Claudia S
- Miquel Juan Francisco
- Miranda J Jaime
- Mirrakhimov Erkin
- Misigoj-Durakovic Marjeta
- Modesti Pietro A
- Mohamed Mostafa K
- Mohammad Kazem
- Mohammadifard Noushin
- Mohan Viswanathan
- Mohanna Salim
- Molnar Denes
- Momenan Amirabbas
- Mondo Charles K
- Monyeki Kotsedi Daniel K
- Moon Jin Soo
- Moreira Leila B
- Morejon Alain
- Moreno Luis A
- Morgan Karen
- Moschonis George
- Mossakowska Malgorzata
- Mostafa Aya
- Mota Jorge
- Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeel
- Motta Jorge
- Msyamboza Kelias P
- Muiesan Maria L
- Muller-Nurasyid Martina
- Murphy Neil
- Mursu Jaakko
- Musil Vera
- Mรธllehave Line Tang
- Mรธller Niels C
- Nabipour Iraj
- Nagel Gabriele
- Naidu Balkish M
- Nakamura Harunobu
- Nang Ei Ei K
- Nangia Vinay B
- Narake Sameer
- Nauck Matthias
- Navarrete-Muรฑoz Eva Marรญa
- Ndiaye Ndeye Coumba
- Neal William A
- Nenko Ilona
- Neovius Martin
- Nervi Flavio
- Neuhauser Hannelore K
- Nguyen Chung T
- Nguyen Nguyen D
- Nguyen Quang Ngoc
- Nguyen Quang V
- Nieto-Martinez Ramfis E
- Niiranen Teemu J
- Ning Guang
- Ninomiya Toshiharu
- Nishtar Sania
- Noale Marianna
- Noboa Oscar A
- Noorbala Ahmad Ali
- Norat Teresa
- Noto Davide
- Nรกmeลกnรก Jana
- O'Reilly Dermot
- Oda Eiji
- Oehlers Glenn
- Oh Kyungwon
- Ohara Kumiko
- Olinto Maria Teresa A
- Oliveira Isabel O
- Omar Mohd Azahadi
- Onat Altan
- Ong Sok King
- Ono Lariane M
- Ordunez Pedro
- Ornelas Rui
- Osmond Clive
- Ostojic Sergej M
- Ostovar Afshin
- Otero Johanna A
- Overvad Kim
- Owusu-Dabo Ellis
- Paccaud Fred Michel
- Padez Cristina
- Pahomova Elena
- Pajak Andrzej
- Palli Domenico
- Palmieri Luigi
- Pan Wen-Harn
- Panda-Jonas Songhomitra
- Panza Francesco
- Papandreou Dimitrios
- Park Soon-Woo
- Parnell Winsome R
- Parsaeian Mahboubeh
- Patel Nikhil D
- Pecin Ivan
- Pednekar Mangesh S
- Peer Nasheeta
- Peeters Petra H
- Peixoto Sergio Viana
- Peltonen Markku
- Pereira Alexandre C
- Peters Annette
- Petersmann Astrid
- Petkeviciene Janina
- Peykari Niloofar
- Pham Son Thai
- Pigeot Iris
- Pikhart Hynek
- Pilav Aida
- Pilotto Lorenza
- Pitakaka Freda
- Piwonska Aleksandra
- Plans-Rubiรณ Pedro
- Polaลกek Ozren
- Porta Miquel
- Portegies Marileen LP
- Posso Anselmo J Mc Donald
- Pourshams Akram
- Poustchi Hossein
- Pradeepa Rajendra
- Prashant Mathur
- Price Jacqueline F
- Puder Jardena J
- Puiu Maria
- Punab Margus
- Qasrawi Radwan F
- Qorbani Mostafa
- Radic Ivana
- Radisauskas Ricardas
- Rahman Mahfuzar
- Raitakari Olli
- Raj Manu
- Ramachandran Ambady
- Ramos Elisabete
- Rampal Lekhraj
- Rampal Sanjay
- Rangel Reina Daniel A
- Rao Kodavanti Mallikharjuna
- Rao Sudha Ramachandra
- Redon Josep
- Reganit Paul Ferdinand M
- Ribeiro Robespierre
- Riboli Elio
- Rigo Fernando
- Riley Leanne M
- Rinke de Wit Tobias F
- Ritti-Dias Raphael M
- Robinson Sian M
- Robitaille Cynthia
- Rodriguez-Artalejo Fernando
- Rodriguez-Perez Maria del Cristo
- Rodriguez-Villamizar Laura A
- Rojas-Martinez Rosalba
- Romaguera Dora
- Romdhane Habiba Ben
- Ronkainen Kimmo
- Rosengren Annika
- Roy Joel GR
- Rubinstein Adolfo
- Ruiz-Betancourt Blanca Sandra
- Rutkowski Marcin
- Sabanayagam Charumathi
- Sachdev Harshpal S
- Saidi Olfa
- Sakarya Sibel
- Salanave Benoit
- Salmerรณn Diego
- Salomaa Veikko
- Salonen Jukka T
- Salvetti Massimo
- Sans Susana
- Santos Diana A
- Santos Ina S
- Santos Renata Nunes dos
- Santos Rute
- Saramies Jouko L
- Sardinha Luis B
- Sarganas Giselle
- Sarrafzadegan Nizal
- Saum Kai-Uwe
- Savva Savvas
- Scazufca Marcia
- Schargrodsky Herman
- Schipf Sabine
- Schmidt Carsten O
- Schultsz Constance
- Schutte Aletta E
- Schรถttker Ben
- Sein Aye Aye
- Sen Abhijit
- Senbanjo Idowu O
- Sepanlou Sadaf G
- Sharma Sanjib K
- Shaw Jonathan E
- Shibuya Kenji
- Shin Dong Wook
- Shin Youchan
- Si-Ramlee Khairil
- Siantar Rosalynn
- Sibai Abla M
- Silva Diego Augusto Santos
- Simon Mary
- Simons Judith
- Simons Leon A
- Sjรถstrรถm Michael
- Skovbjerg Sine
- Slowikowska-Hilczer Jolanta
- Slusarczyk Przemyslaw
- Smeeth Liam
- Smith Margaret C
- Snijder Marieke B
- So Hung-Kwan
- Sobngwi Eugene
- Soderberg Stefan
- Solfrizzi Vincenzo
- Sonestedt Emily
- Song Yi
- Soric Maroje
- Soriฤ Maroje
- Soumare Aicha
- Staessen Jan A
- Starc Gregor
- Stathopoulou Maria G
- Stavreski Bill
- Steene-Johannessen Jostein
- Stehle Peter
- Stein Aryeh D
- Stergiou George S
- Stessman Jochanan
- Stevens Gretchen A
- Stieber Jutta
- Stocks Tanja
- Stokwiszewski Jakub
- Stronks Karien
- Strufaldi Maria Wany
- Stรถckl Doris
- Sun Chien-An
- Sundstrรถm Johan
- Sung Yn-Tz
- Suriyawongpaisal Paibul
- Sy Rody G
- Sรกnchez-Abanto Josรฉ
- Sรธrensen Thorkild IA
- Taddei Cristina
- Tai E Shyong
- Tammesoo Mari-Liis
- Tamosiunas Abdonas
- Tan Eng Joo
- Tang Xun
- Tanser Frank
- Tao Yong
- Tarawneh Mohammed Rasoul
- Tarqui-Mamani Carolina B
- Tautu Oana-Florentina
- Taylor Anne
- Theobald Holger
- Theodoridis Xenophon
- ThetMu Thet
- Thijs Lutgarde
- Thuesen Betina H
- Tjรธnneland Anne
- Tolonen Hanna K
- Tolstrup Janne S
- Topbas Murat
- Tormo Maria Jose
- Torrent Maties
- Traissac Pierre
- Trichopoulos Dimitrios
- Trichopoulou Antonia
- Trinh Oanh TH
- Trivedi Atul
- Tshepo Lechaba
- Tulloch-Reid Marshall K
- Tullu Fikru
- Tuomainen Tomi-Pekka
- Tuomilehto Jaakko
- Turley Maria L
- Tynelius Per
- Tzourio Christophe
- Tรณpor-Madry Roman
- Ueda Peter
- Ugel Eunice E
- Ulmer Hanno
- Uusitalo Hannu MT
- Valdivia Gonzalo
- Valvi Damaskini
- van der Schouw Yvonne T
- Van Herck Koen
- Van Minh Hoang
- van Rossem Lenie
- Van Schoor Natasja M
- van Valkengoed Irene GM
- Vanderschueren Dirk
- Vanuzzo Diego
- Vatten Lars Johan
- Vega Tomas
- Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo
- Veronesi Giovanni
- Verschuren WM Monique
- Verstraeten Roosmarijn
- Victora Cesar G
- Viet Lucie
- Viikari-Juntura Eira
- Vineis Paolo
- Vioque Jesus
- Virtanen Jyrki K
- Visvikis-Siest Sophie
- Viswanathan Bharathi
- Vlasoff Tiina
- Vollenweider Peter
- Voutilainen Sari
- Wade Alisha N
- Wagner Aline
- Walton Janette
- Wan Bebakar Wan Mohamad
- Wan Mohamud Wan Nazaimoon
- Wanderley Rildo S
- Wang Ming-Dong
- Wang Qian
- Wang Ya Xing
- Wang Ying-Wei
- Wannamethee S Goya
- Wareham Nicholas
- Wedderkopp Niels
- Weerasekera Deepa
- Whincup Peter H
- Widhalm Kurt
- Widyahening Indah S
- Wiecek Andrzej
- Wijga Alet H
- Wilks Rainford J
- Willeit Johann
- Willeit Peter
- Williams Emmanuel A
- Wilsgaard Tom
- Wojtyniak Bogdan
- Wong Justin YY
- Wong Norazizah Ibrahim
- Wong Tien Yin
- Wong-McClure Roy A
- Woo Jean
- Woodward Mark
- Wu Aleksander Giwercman
- Wu Frederick C
- Wu Shouling
- Xu Haiquan
- Yan Weili
- Yang Xiaoguang
- Ye Xingwang
- Yiallouros Panayiotis K
- Yoshihara Akihiro
- Younger-Coleman Novie O
- Yusoff Ahmad Faudzi
- Yusoff Muhammad Fadhli Mohd
- Zainuddin Ahmad Ali
- Zambon Sabina
- Zampelas Antonis
- Zdrojewski Tomasz
- Zeng Yi
- Zhang Wan Zhu
- Zhao Dong
- Zhao Wenhua
- Zheng Wei
- Zheng Yingfeng
- Zhou Bin
- Zhu Dan
- Zhussupov Baurzhan
- Zimmermann Esther
- รngquist Lars H
- Publication venue
- 'Oxford University Press (OUP)'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2018
- Field of study
Background
Change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure could be due to both shifts in the entire distribution of blood pressure (representing the combined effects of public health interventions and secular trends) and changes in its high-blood-pressure tail (representing successful clinical interventions to control blood pressure in the hypertensive population). Our aim was to quantify the contributions of these two phenomena to the worldwide trends in the prevalence of raised blood pressure.
Methods
We pooled 1018 population-based studies with blood pressure measurements on 88.6 million participants from 1985 to 2016. We first calculated mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and prevalence of raised blood pressure by sex and 10-year age group from 20โ29โyears to 70โ79โyears in each study, taking into account complex survey design and survey sample weights, where relevant. We used a linear mixed effect model to quantify the association between (probit-transformed) prevalence of raised blood pressure and age-group- and sex-specific mean blood pressure. We calculated the contributions of change in mean SBP and DBP, and of change in the prevalence-mean association, to the change in prevalence of raised blood pressure.
Results
In 2005โ16, at the same level of population mean SBP and DBP, men and women in South Asia and in Central Asia, the Middle East and North Africa would have the highest prevalence of raised blood pressure, and men and women in the high-income Asia Pacific and high-income Western regions would have the lowest. In most region-sex-age groups where the prevalence of raised blood pressure declined, one half or more of the decline was due to the decline in mean blood pressure. Where prevalence of raised blood pressure has increased, the change was entirely driven by increasing mean blood pressure, offset partly by the change in the prevalence-mean association.
Conclusions
Change in mean blood pressure is the main driver of the worldwide change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure, but change in the high-blood-pressure tail of the distribution has also contributed to the change in prevalence, especially in older age groups
Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants
- Author
- Abarca-Gomez Leandra
- Abdeen Ziad A.
- Abu-Rmeileh Niveen M.
- Acosta-Cazares Benjamin
- Adams Robert J.
- Aekplakorn Wichai
- Afsana Kaosar
- Afzal Shoaib
- Agdeppa Imelda A.
- Aghazadeh-Attari Javad
- Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A.
- Agyemang Charles
- Ahmad Noor Ani
- Ahmadi Ali
- Ahmadi Naser
- Ahmadi Nastaran
- Ahmadizar Fariba
- Ahmed Soheir H.
- Ahrens Wolfgang
- Ajlouni Kamel
- Al Nsour Mohannad
- Al-Raddadi Rajaa
- Alarouj Monira
- AlBuhairan Fadia
- AlDhukair Shahla
- Ali Mohamed M.
- Alkandari Abdullah
- Alkerwi Ala'a
- Allin Kristine
- Aly Eman
- Amarapurkar Deepak N.
- Amougou Norbert
- Amouyel Philippe
- Andersen Lars Bo
- Anderssen Sigmund A.
- Andre Moura-dos-Santos Marcos
- Anjana Ranjit Mohan
- Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
- Ansong Daniel
- Aounallah-Skhiri Hajer
- Araujo Joana
- Ariansen Inger
- Aris Tahir
- Arku Raphael E.
- Arlappa Nimmathota
- Aryal Krishna K.
- Aspelund Thor
- Assah Felix K.
- Assuncao Maria Cecilia F.
- Auvinen Juha
- Avdicova Maria
- Azevedo Ana
- Azimi-Nezhad Mohsen
- Azizi Fereidoun
- Azmin Mehrdad
- Babu Bontha V.
- Bahijri Suhad
- Balakrishna Nagalla
- Balanova Yulia
- Balanova Yulia
- Bamoshmoosh Mohamed
- Banach Maciej
- Banadinovic Maja
- Bandosz Piotr
- Banegas Jose R.
- Baran Joanna
- Barbagallo Carlo M.
- Barcelo Alberto
- Barkat Amina
- Barreto Marta
- Barros Aluisio J. D.
- Bartosiewicz Anna
- Basit Abdul
- Bastos Joao Luiz D.
- Bata Iqbal
- Batieha Anwar M.
- Batyrbek Assembekov
- Baur Louise A.
- Beaglehole Robert
- Bebakar Wan Mohamad Wan
- Belavendra Antonisamy
- Ben Romdhane Habiba
- Benchekor Sounnia Mediene
- Benet Mikhail
- Bennett James E.
- Bennett James E.
- Benson Lowell S.
- Berkinbayev Salim
- Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio
- Bettiol Heloisa
- Bezerra Jorge
- Bhagyalaxmi Aroor
- Bhargava Santosh K.
- Bia Daniel
- Biasch Katia
- Bikbov Mukharram M.
- Bista Bihungum
- Bjerregaard Peter
- Bjertness Espen
- Bjertness Marius B.
- Bjorkelund Cecilia
- Bloch Katia V.
- Blokstra Anneke
- Bo Simona
- Bobak Martin
- Boeing Heiner
- Boggia Jose G.
- Boissonnet Carlos P.
- Bojesen Stig E.
- Boker Lital Keinan
- Bonet Gorbea Mariano
- Bongard Vanina
- Bonilla-Vargas Alice
- Bopp Matthias
- Borghs Herman
- Bovet Pascal
- Boyer Christopher B.
- Braeckman Lutgart
- Brajkovich Imperia
- Branca Francesco
- Breckenkamp Jรผrgen
- Brenner Hermann
- Brewster Lizzy M.
- Briceno Yajaira
- Brito Miguel
- Bruno Graziella
- Bueno Gloria
- Bueno-de-Mesquita H. Bas
- Bugge Anna
- Burns Con
- Bursztyn Michael
- Cabrera de Leon Antonio
- Cacciottolo Joseph
- Cadena Leticia Hernandez
- Cameron Christine
- Can Gunay
- Candido Ana Paula C.
- Capanzana Mario V.
- Capkova Nadezda
- Capuano Eduardo
- Capuano Vincenzo
- Cardoso Viviane C.
- Carlsson Axel C.
- Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M.
- Carvalho Joana
- Casanueva Felipe F.
- Censi Laura
- Cervantes-Loaiza Marvin
- Chadjigeorgiou Charalambos A.
- Chamukuttan Snehalatha
- Chan Angelique W.
- Chan Queenie
- Chaturvedi Himanshu K.
- Chaturvedi Nish
- Chee Miao Li
- Chen Chien-Jen
- Chen Fangfang
- Chen Huashuai
- Chen Shuohua
- Chen Zhengming
- Cheng Ching-Yu
- Cheraghian Bahman
- Chetrit Angela
- Chien Kuo-Liong
- Chiolero Arnaud
- Chiou Shu-Ti
- Chirita-Emandi Adela
- Chirlaque Maria-Dolores
- Cho Belong
- Christensen Kaare
- Christofaro Diego G.
- Chudek Jerzy
- Cifkova Renata
- Cifkova Renata
- Cinteza Eliza
- Claessens Frank
- Clarke Janine
- Clays Els
- Cohen Emmanuel
- Concin Hans
- Cooper Cyrus
- Coppinger Tara C.
- Cordeiro da Silva Bruna Goncalves
- Costanzo Simona
- Cottel Dominique
- Cowan Melanie J.
- Cowell Chris
- Craig Cora L.
- Crampin Amelia C.
- Crujeiras Ana B.
- Cruz Juan J.
- Csilla Semanova
- Cui Liufu
- Cureau Felipe V.
- Cuschieri Sarah
- D'Arrigo Graziella
- d'Orsi Eleonora
- Dallongeville Jean
- Damasceno Albertino
- Damasceno Albertino
- Danaei Goodarz
- Danaei Goodarz
- Dankner Rachel
- Dantoft Thomas M.
- Dauchet Luc
- Davletov Kairat
- De Backer Guy
- De Bacquer Dirk
- De Curtis Amalia
- de Gaetano Giovanni
- De Henauw Stefaan
- de Moura Silva Caroline Ramos
- de Oliveira Paula Duarte
- de Paiva Karina Mary
- De Ridder David
- De Smedt Delphine
- de Wit Tobias F. Rinke
- Deepa Mohan
- Deev Alexander D.
- DeGennaro Vincent Jr
- Dekkaki Imane Cherkaoui
- del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez Maria
- Delisle Helene
- Demarest Stefaan
- Dennison Elaine
- Deschamps Valerie
- Dhimal Meghnath
- Di Castelnuovo Augusto F.
- Dias-da-Costa Juvenal Soares
- Diaz Alejandro
- Dickerson Ty T.
- Dika Zivka
- Dinc Gonul Horasan
- Djalalinia Shirin
- Do Ha T. P.
- Dobson Annette J.
- Doering Angela
- Doerr Marcus
- Donfrancesco Chiara
- Donoso Silvana P.
- Dorobantu Maria
- Doua Kouamelan
- Dragano Nico
- Drygas Wojciech
- Duante Charmaine A.
- Duboz Priscilla
- Duda Rosemary B.
- Dulskiene Virginija
- Dushpanova Anar
- Dzakula Aleksandar
- Dzerve Vilnis
- Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk Elzbieta
- Eddie Ricky
- Eftekhar Ebrahim
- Eggertsen Robert
- Eghtesad Sareh
- Eiben Gabriele
- Ekelund Ulf
- El Ati Jalila
- El-Khateeb Mohammad
- Eldemire-Shearer Denise
- Eliasen Marie
- Elisa Zapata Maria
- Elliott Paul
- Elliott Paul
- Elosua Roberto
- Erasmus Rajiv T.
- Erbel Raimund
- Erem Cihangir
- Eriksen Louise
- Eriksson Johan G.
- Escobedo-de la Pena Jorge
- Eslami Saeid
- Esmaeili Ali
- Evans Alun
- Ezzati Majid
- Faeh David
- Fakhretdinova Albina A.
- Fall Caroline H.
- Faramarzi Elnaz
- Farjam Mojtaba
- Farzadfar Farshad
- Farzadfar Farshad
- Fattahi Mohammad Reza
- Fawwad Asher
- Felix Stephan B.
- Felix-Redondo Francisco J.
- Ferguson Trevor S.
- Fernandes Romulo A.
- Fernandez-Berges Daniel
- Ferrante Daniel
- Ferrao Thomas
- Ferrari Marika
- Ferrario Marco M.
- Ferreccio Catterina
- Ferreira Haroldo S.
- Ferrer Eldridge
- Ferrieres Jean
- Figueiro Thamara Hubler
- Fink Gunther
- Fischer Krista
- Foo Leng Huat
- Forsner Maria
- Fouad Heba M.
- Francis Damian K.
- Franco Maria do Carmo
- Frikke-Schmidt Ruth
- Frontera Guillermo
- Fuchs Flavio D.
- Fuchs Sandra C.
- Fujita Yuki
- Fumihiko Matsuda
- Furdela Viktoriya
- Furer Ariel
- Furusawa Takuro
- Gaciong Zbigniew
- Galbarczyk Andrzej
- Galenkamp Henrike
- Galvano Fabio
- Gao Jingli
- Gao Pei
- Garcia Pablo
- Garcia-de-la-Hera Manoli
- Gareta Dickman
- Garnett Sarah P.
- Gaspoz Jean-Michel
- Gasull Magda
- Gazzinelli Andrea
- Gehring Ulrike
- Geleijnse Johanna M.
- George Ronnie
- Ghanbari Ali
- Ghasemi Erfan
- Gheorghe-Fronea Oana-Florentina
- Ghimire Anup
- Gialluisi Alessandro
- Giampaoli Simona
- Gieger Christian
- Gill Tiffany K.
- Giovannelli Jonathan
- Gironella Glen
- Giwercman Aleksander
- Gkiouras Konstantinos
- Glavic Mihalea Marinovic
- Goldberg Marcel
- Goldsmith Rebecca A.
- Gomes Barros Mauro Virgilio
- Gomez Luis F.
- Gomula Aleksandra
- Goncalves Helen
- Goncalves Mauer
- Gonzalez Angel R.
- Gonzalez-Chica David A.
- Gonzalez-Gross Marcela
- Gonzalez-Rivas Juan P.
- Gonzalez-Villalpando Clicerio
- Gonzalez-Villalpando Maria-Elena
- Gottrand Frederic
- Graff-Iversen Sidsel
- Grafnetter Dusan
- Grajda Aneta
- Grammatikopoulou Maria G.
- Gregg Edward W.
- Gregor Ronald D.
- Grodzicki Tomasz
- Grosso Giuseppe
- Gruden Gabriella
- Gu Dongfeng
- Guan Ong Peng
- Gudmundsson Elias F.
- Gudnason Vilmundur
- Guerrero Ramiro
- Guessous Idris
- Guimaraes Andre L.
- Gulliford Martin C.
- Gunnlaugsdottir Johanna
- Gunter Marc J.
- Gupta Prakash C.
- Gupta Rajeev
- Gureje Oye
- Gurzkowska Beata
- Gutierrez Laura
- Gutzwiller Felix
- Ha Seongjun
- Hadaegh Farzad
- Haghshenas Rosa
- Hakimi Hamid
- Halkjaer Jytte
- Hambleton Ian R.
- Hamzeh Behrooz
- Hange Dominique
- Hanif Abu A. M.
- Hantunen Sari
- Hao Jie
- Hardman Carla Meneses
- Hashemi-Shahri Seyed Mohammad
- Hata Jun
- Haugsgjerd Teresa
- Hayes Alison J.
- He Jiang
- He Jiang
- He Yuna
- Heier Margit
- Hendriks Marleen Elisabeth
- Henrique Rafael dos Santos
- Henriques Ana
- Herrala Sauli
- Heshmat Ramin
- Hill Allan G.
- Ho Sai Yin
- Ho Suzanne C.
- Hoang Van Minh Hoang Van Minh
- Hobbs Michael
- Holdsworth Michelle
- Homayounfar Reza
- Horimoto Andrea R. V. R.
- Hormiga Claudia M.
- Horta Bernardo L.
- Houti Leila
- Howitt Christina
- Htay Thein Thein
- Htet Aung Soe
- Htike Maung Maung Than
- Hu Yonghua
- Huerta Jose Maria
- Huhtaniemi Ilpo Tapani
- Huiart Laetitia
- Huisman Martijn
- Husseini Abdullatif S.
- Huybrechts Inge
- Hwalla Nahla
- Iacoviello Licia
- Iannone Anna G.
- Ibrahim Mohsen M.
- Ikeda Nayu
- Ikeda Nayu
- Ikram M. Arfan
- Iotova Violeta
- Irazola Vilma E.
- Ishida Takafumi
- Isiguzo Godsent C.
- Islam Muhammad
- Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
- Iurilli Maria L. C.
- Iwasaki Masanori
- Jackson Rod T.
- Jacobs Jeremy M.
- Jaddou Hashem Y.
- Jafar Tazeen
- James Kenneth
- Jamrozik Konrad
- Janszky Imre
- Janus Edward
- Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta
- Jasienska Grazyna
- Jelakovic Ana
- Jelakovic Bojan
- Jennings Garry
- Jerome Charles Sossa
- Jha Anjani Kumar
- Jiang Chao Qiang
- Jimenez Ramon O.
- Joeckel Karl-Heinz
- Joffres Michel
- Johansson Mattias
- Jokelainen Jari J.
- Jonas Jost B.
- Jorgensen Torben
- Jose Tormo Maria
- Joshi Pradeep
- Joukar Farahnaz
- Jozwiak Jacek
- Juolevi Anne
- Jurak Gregor
- Juresa Vesna
- Kaaks Rudolf
- Kafatos Anthony
- Kajantie Eero O.
- Kalmatayeva Zhanna
- Kalpourtzi Natasa
- Kalter-Leibovici Ofra
- Kampmann Freja B.
- Kannan Srinivasan
- Karaglani Eva
- Karhus Line L.
- Karki Khem B.
- Katibeh Marzieh
- Katz Joanne
- Kauhanen Jussi
- Kaur Prabhdeep
- Kavousi Maryam
- Kazakbaeva Gyulli M.
- Keil Ulrich
- Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi Sirkka
- Kelishadi Roya
- Kemper Han C. G.
- Kengne Andre P.
- Kengne Andre P.
- Keramati Maryam
- Kerimkulova Alina
- Kersting Mathilde
- Key Timothy
- Khader Yousef Saleh
- Khalili Davood
- Khang Young-Ho
- Khang Young-Ho
- Khanh Le Nguyen Bao Khanh Le Nguyen Bao
- Khaw Kay-Tee
- Kheiri Bahareh
- Kheradmand Motahareh
- Khosravi Alireza
- Kiechl Stefan
- Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Ursula
- Killewo Japhet
- Kim Dong Wook
- Kim Hyeon Chang
- Kim Hyeon Chang
- Kim Jeongseon
- Klakk Heidi
- Klimek Magdalena
- Klumbiene Jurate
- Knoflach Michael
- Kolle Elin
- Kolsteren Patrick
- Kontto Jukka P.
- Korpelainen Raija
- Korrovits Paul
- Kos Jelena
- Koskinen Seppo
- Kouda Katsuyasu
- Kowlessur Sudhir
- Koziel Slawomir
- Kratenova Jana
- Kriaucioniene Vilma
- Kristensen Peter Lund
- Krokstad Steiner
- Kromhout Daan
- Kruger Herculina S.
- Kubinova Ruzena
- Kuciene Renata
- Kujala Urho M.
- Kulaga Zbigniew
- Kumar R. Krishna
- Kumar Rachakulla Hari
- Kurjata Pawel
- Kusuma Yadlapalli S.
- Kutsenko Vladimir
- Kuulasmaa Kari
- Kyobutungi Catherine
- Laatikainen Tiina
- Lachat Carl
- Laid Youcef
- Lam Tai Hing
- Landrove Orlando
- Lanska Vera
- Lappas Georg
- Larijani Bagher
- Latt Tint Swe
- Laxmaiah Avula
- Laxmaiah Avula
- Le Coroller Gwenaelle
- Le Tuyen D.
- Lee Jeannette
- Lee Jeonghee
- Lehmann Nils
- Lehtimaki Terho
- Lele Elysee Claude Bika
- Lemogoum Daniel
- Levitt Naomi S.
- Lhoste Victor P. F.
- Li Yanping
- Lilly Christa L.
- Lim Wei-Yen
- Lima-Costa M. Fernanda
- Lin Hsien-Ho
- Lin Hsien-Ho
- Lin Xu
- Lin Yi-Ting
- Lind Lars
- Lingam Vijaya
- Linneberg Allan
- Lissner Lauren
- Litwin Mieczyslaw
- Lo Wei-Cheng
- Loit Helle-Mai
- Lopez Tania
- Lopez-Garcia Esther
- Lotufo Paulo A.
- Lovrencic Iva Lukacevic
- Lozano Jose Eugenio
- Lukrafka Janice L.
- Luksiene Dalia
- Lundqvist Annamari
- Lundqvist Robert
- Lunet Nuno
- Lustigova Michala
- Luszczki Edyta
- Ma Guansheng
- Ma Jun
- Machado-Coelho George L. L.
- Machado-Rodrigues Aristides M.
- Macia Enguerran
- Macieira Luisa M.
- Madar Ahmed A.
- Maggi Stefania
- Magliano Dianna J.
- Magriplis Emmanuella
- Mahasampath Gowri
- Maire Bernard
- Majer Marjeta
- Makdisse Marcia
- Malekzadeh Fatemeh
- Malekzadeh Reza
- Malhotra Rahul
- Mallikharjuna Kodavanti
- Malyutina Sofia K.
- Maniego Lynell V.
- Manios Yannis
- Mann Jim I.
- Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz
- Manzato Enzo
- Marcil Anie
- Margozzini Maira Paula
- Margozzini Paula
- Marild Staffan B.
- Marques Larissa Pruner
- Marques-Vidal Pedro
- Marrugat Jaume
- Martorell Reynaldo
- Mascarenhas Luis P.
- Matasin Marija
- Mathiesen Ellisiv B.
- Mathur Prashant
- Matijasevich Alicia
- Matlosz Piotr
- Matsha Tandi E.
- Mavrogianni Christina
- Mbanya Jean Claude N.
- Mc Donald Posso Anselmo J.
- McFarlane Shelly R.
- McGarvey Stephen T.
- McLachlan Stela
- McLean Rachael M.
- McLean Scott B.
- McNulty Breige A.
- Medzioniene Jurate
- Mehdipour Parinaz
- Mehlig Kirsten
- Mehrparvar Amir Houshang
- Meirhaeghe Aline
- Meisinger Christa
- Mendoza Montano Carlos
- Menezes Ana Maria B.
- Menon Geetha R.
- Mereke Alibek
- Meshram Indrapal I.
- Metspalu Andres
- Meyer Haakon E.
- Mi Jie
- Michels Nathalie
- Mikkel Kairit
- Milanovic Sanja Music
- Milkowska Karolina
- Miller Jody C.
- Minderico Claudia S.
- Mini G. K.
- Miranda J. Jaime
- Miranda J. Jaime
- Mirjalili Mohammad Reza
- Mirrakhimov Erkin
- Misigoj-Durakovic Marjeta
- Modesti Pietro A.
- Moghaddam Sahar Saeedi
- Mohajer Bahram
- Mohamed Mostafa K.
- Mohamed Shukri F.
- Mohammad Kazem
- Mohammadi Mohammad Reza
- Mohammadi Zahra
- Mohammadifard Noushin
- Mohammadpourhodki Reza
- Mohamud Wan Nazaimoon Wan
- Mohan Viswanathan
- Mohanna Salim
- Mohebbi Iraj
- Mohebi Farnam
- Moitry Marie
- Mollehave Line T.
- Molnar Denes
- Momenan Amirabbas
- Mondo Charles K.
- Monterrubio-Flores Eric
- Monyeki Kotsedi Daniel K.
- Moon Jin Soo
- Moosazadeh Mahmood
- Moreira Leila B.
- Morejon Alain
- Moreno Luis A.
- Morgan Karen
- Moschonis George
- Mossakowska Malgorzata
- Mostafa Aya
- Mostafavi Seyed-Ali
- Mota Jorge
- Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeel
- Motta Jorge
- Mridha Malay K.
- Msyamboza Kelias P.
- Mu Thet Thet
- Muhihi Alfa J.
- Muiesan Maria L.
- Muller-Nurasyid Martina
- Murphy Neil
- Mursu Jaakko
- Musa Kamarul Imran
- Musil Vera
- Mustafa Norlaila
- Nabipour Iraj
- Naderimagham Shohreh
- Nagel Gabriele
- Naidu Balkish M.
- Najafi Farid
- Nakamura Harunobu
- Namesna Jana
- Nang Ei Ei K.
- Nangia Vinay B.
- Narake Sameer
- Ndiaye Ndeye Coumba
- Neal William A.
- Nejatizadeh Azim
- Nenko Ilona
- Neovius Martin
- Neuhauser Hannelore
- Neuhauser Hannelore K.
- Nguyen Chung T.
- Nguyen Nguyen D.
- Nguyen Quang V.
- Nieto-Martinez Ramfis E.
- Niiranen Teemu J.
- Nikitin Yury P.
- Ninomiya Toshiharu
- Nishtar Sania
- Njelekela Marina A.
- Noale Marianna
- Noboa Oscar A.
- Noorbala Ahmad Ali
- Norat Teresa
- Nordendahl Maria
- Nordestgaard Borge G.
- Noto Davide
- Nowak-Szczepanska Natalia
- Nunes Baltazar
- O'Neill Terence W.
- O'Reilly Dermot
- Ochimana Caleb
- Oda Eiji
- Odili Augustine N.
- Oh Kyungwon
- Ohara Kumiko
- Ohtsuka Ryutaro
- Olie Valerie
- Olinto Maria Teresa A.
- Oliveira Isabel O.
- Omar Mohd Azahadi
- Onat Altan
- Ong Sok King
- Ono Lariane M.
- Ordunez Pedro
- Ornelas Rui
- Ortiz Pedro J.
- Osmond Clive
- Ostojic Sergej M.
- Ostovar Afshin
- Otero Johanna A.
- Overvad Kim
- Owusu-Dabo Ellis
- Paccaud Fred Michel
- Paciorek Christopher J.
- Padez Cristina
- Pahomova Elena
- Pajak Andrzej
- Palli Domenico
- Palmieri Luigi
- Pan Wen-Harn
- Panda-Jonas Songhomitra
- Panza Francesco
- Paoli Mariela
- Papandreou Dimitrios
- Park Soon-Woo
- Park Suyeon
- Parnell Winsome R.
- Parsaeian Mahboubeh
- Pasquet Patrick
- Patel Nikhil D.
- Pavlyshyn Halyna
- Pecin Ivan
- Pednekar Mangesh S.
- Pedro Joao M.
- Peer Nasheeta
- Peixoto Sergio Viana
- Peltonen Markku
- Pereira Alexandre C.
- Peres Karen G. D. A.
- Peres Marco A.
- Peters Annette
- Petkeviciene Janina
- Peykari Niloofar
- Pichardo Rafael N.
- Pigeot Iris
- Pikhart Hynek
- Pilav Aida
- Pilotto Lorenza
- Pitakaka Freda
- Piwonska Aleksandra
- Pizarro Andreia N.
- Plans-Rubio Pedro
- Polasek Ozren
- Porta Miquel
- Poudyal Anil
- Pourfarzi Farhad
- Pourshams Akram
- Poustchi Hossein
- Pradeepa Rajendra
- Price Alison J.
- Price Jacqueline F.
- Providencia Rui
- Puhakka Soile E.
- Puiu Maria
- Punab Margus
- Qasrawi Radwan F.
- Qorbani Mostafa
- Quang Ngoc Nguyen Quang Ngoc Nguyen
- Queiroz Daniel
- Radic Ivana
- Radisauskas Ricardas
- Rahim Hanan F. Abdul
- Rahimikazerooni Salar
- Rahman Mahfuzar
- Raitakari Olli
- Raj Manu
- Rakhimova Ellina M.
- Ramachandran Ambady
- Ramos Elisabete
- Rampal Lekhraj
- Rampal Sanjay
- Rangel Reina Daniel A.
- Rao Sudha Ramachandra
- Rarra Vayia
- Rech Cassiano Ricardo
- Redon Josep
- Reganit Paul Ferdinand M.
- Regecova Valeria
- Revilla Luis
- Rezaianzadeh Abbas
- Ribeiro Robespierre
- Riboli Elio
- Richter Adrian
- Rigo Fernando
- Riley Leanne M.
- Ritti-Dias Raphael M.
- Robitaille Cynthia
- Rodriguez-Artalejo Fernando
- Rodriguez-Villamizar Laura A.
- Roggenbuck Ulla
- Rojas-Martinez Rosalba
- Romaguera Dora
- Romeo Elisabetta L.
- Rosengren Annika
- Roy Joel G. R.
- Rubinstein Adolfo
- Ruidavets Jean-Bernard
- Ruiz-Castell Maria
- Rusakova Iuliia A.
- Russo Paola
- Rutkowski Marcin
- Sabanayagam Charumathi
- Sabbaghi Hamideh
- Sachdev Harshpal S.
- Sadjadi Alireza
- Safarpour Ali Reza
- Safi Sare
- Safiri Saeid
- Saidi Olfa
- Sakarya Sibel
- Saki Nader
- Salanave Benoit
- Salazar Martinez Eduardo
- Salmeron Diego
- Salomaa Veikko
- Salonen Jukka T.
- Salvetti Massimo
- Sanchez-Abanto Jose
- Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt Blanca
- Sans Susana
- Santos Silva Diego Augusto
- Santos Diana A.
- Santos Ina S.
- Santos Lelita C.
- Santos Maria Paula
- Santos Rute
- Saramies Jouko L.
- Sardinha Luis B.
- Sarganas Giselle
- Sarrafzadegan Nizal
- Sathish Thirunavukkarasu
- Saum Kai-Uwe
- Savin Stefan
- Savva Savvas
- Sawada Norie
- Sbaraini Mariana
- Scazufca Marcia
- Schaan Beatriz D.
- Schargrodsky Herman
- Schipf Sabine
- Schmidt Carsten O.
- Schnohr Peter
- Schoettker Ben
- Schramm Sara
- Schultsz Constance
- Schutte Aletta E.
- Sebert Sylvain
- Sein Aye Aye
- Sen Abhijit
- Senbanjo Idowu O.
- Sepanlou Sadaf G.
- Servais Jennifer
- Shalnova Svetlana A.
- Shamah-Levy Teresa
- Shamshirgaran Morteza
- Shanthirani Coimbatore Subramaniam
- Sharafkhah Maryam
- Sharma Sanjib K.
- Shaw Jonathan E.
- Shayanrad Amaneh
- Shayesteh Ali Akbar
- Shi Zumin
- Shibuya Kenji
- Shimizu-Furusawa Hana
- Shin Dong Wook
- Shirani Majid
- Shiri Rahman
- Shrestha Namuna
- Si-Ramlee Khairil
- Siani Alfonso
- Siantar Rosalynn
- Sibai Abla M.
- Simon Mary
- Simons Judith
- Simons Leon A.
- Singleton Rosie K.
- Sjostrom Michael
- Slowikowska-Hilczer Jolanta
- Slusarczyk Przemyslaw
- Smeeth Liam
- So Hung-Kwan
- Soares Fernanda Cunha
- Sobngwi Eugene
- Soderberg Stefan
- Soemantri Agustinus
- Sofat Reecha
- Solfrizzi Vincenzo
- Solomon Bethlehem
- Somi Mohammad Hossein
- Son Thai Pham Son Thai Pham
- Sonestedt Emily
- Song Yi
- Sophiea Marisa K.
- Sorensen Thorkild I. A.
- Sorgjerd Elin P.
- Soric Maroje
- Soumare Aicha
- Sparboe-Nilsen Bente
- Sparrenberger Karen
- Staessen Jan A.
- Starc Gregor
- Stavreski Bill
- Steene-Johannessen Jostein
- Stehle Peter
- Stein Aryeh D.
- Stergiou George S.
- Stessman Jochanan
- Stevens Gretchen A.
- Stieber Jutta
- Stocks Tanja
- Stoeckl Doris
- Stokwiszewski Jakub
- Stronks Karien
- Strufaldi Maria Wany
- Suka Machi
- Sun Chien-An
- Sundstrom Johan
- Sundstrom Johan
- Sung Yn-Tz
- Suriyawongpaisal Paibul
- Sy Rody G.
- Syddall Holly E.
- Sylva Rene Charles
- Szklo Moyses
- Tai E. Shyong
- Tammesoo Mari-Liis
- Tamosiunas Abdonas
- Tan Eng Joo
- Tang Xun
- Tanser Frank
- Tao Yong
- Tarawneh Mohammed Rasoul
- Tarqui-Mamani Carolina B.
- Taylor Anne
- Taylor Julie
- Tebar William R.
- Tell Grethe S.
- Tello Tania
- Tham Yih Chung
- Thankappan K. R.
- Theobald Holger
- Theodoridis Xenophon
- Thijs Lutgarde
- Thinggaard Mikael
- Thomas Nihal
- Thorand Barbara
- Thuesen Betina H.
- Timmermans Erik J.
- Tjandrarini Dwi H.
- Tjonneland Anne
- Toft Ulla
- Tolonen Hanna K.
- Tolstrup Janne S.
- Topbas Murat
- Topor-Madry Roman
- Tornaritis Michael J.
- Torrent Maties
- Torres-Collado Laura
- Touloumi Giota
- Traissac Pierre
- Tran Quoc Bao Tran Quoc Bao
- Triantafyllou Areti
- Trichopoulos Dimitrios
- Trichopoulou Antonia
- Trinh Oanh T. H.
- Trivedi Atul
- Tshepo Lechaba
- Tsugane Shoichiro
- Tuliakova Azaliia M.
- Tulloch-Reid Marshall K.
- Tullu Fikru
- Tuomainen Tomi-Pekka
- Tuomilehto Jaakko
- Turley Maria L.
- Twig Gilad
- Tynelius Per
- Tzourio Christophe
- Ueda Peter
- Ugel Eunice
- Ulmer Hanno
- Uusitalo Hannu M. T.
- Valdivia Gonzalo
- Valvi Damaskini
- van Dam Rob M.
- van den Born Bert-Jan
- Van der Heyden Johan
- van der Schouw Yvonne T.
- Van Herck Koen
- Van Schoor Natasja M.
- van Valkengoed Irene G. M.
- van Zutphen Elisabeth M.
- Vanderschueren Dirk
- Vanuzzo Diego
- Varbo Anette
- Varghese Cherian
- Vasan Senthil K.
- Vega Tomas
- Veidebaum Toomas
- Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo
- Veronesi Giovanni
- Verschuren W. M. Monique
- Verstraeten Roosmarijn
- Victora Cesar G.
- Viet Lucie
- Villalpando Salvador
- Vineis Paolo
- Vioque Jesus
- Virtanen Jyrki K.
- Visvikis-Siest Sophie
- Viswanathan Bharathi
- Vlasoff Tiina
- Vollenweider Peter
- Voutilainen Ari
- Vrkic Tajana Zeljkovic
- Wade Alisha N.
- Walton Janette
- Wambiya Elvis O. A.
- Wanderley Junior Rildo de Souza
- Wang Ming-Dong
- Wang Ningli
- Wang Qian
- Wang Xiangjun
- Wang Ya Xing
- Wang Ying-Wei
- Wannamethee S. Goya
- Wareham Nicholas
- Wei Wenbin
- Weres Aneta
- Werner Bo
- Whincup Peter H.
- Widhalm Kurt
- Widyahening Indah S.
- Widyahening Indah S.
- Wiecek Andrzej
- Wilks Rainford J.
- Willeit Johann
- Willeit Peter
- Williams Emmanuel A.
- Wilsgaard Tom
- Wojtyniak Bogdan
- Wong Andrew
- Wong Norazizah Ibrahim
- Wong Tien Yin
- Wong-McClure Roy A.
- Woo Jean
- Woodward Mark
- Woodward Mark
- Wu Frederick C.
- Wu Shouling
- Wyszynska Justyna
- Xu Haiquan
- Xu Liang
- Yaacob Nor Azwany
- Yan Weili
- Yang Ling
- Yang Xiaoguang
- Yang Yang
- Yasuharu Tabara
- Ye Xingwang
- Yiallouros Panayiotis K.
- Yoosefi Moein
- Yoshihara Akihiro
- You San-Lin
- Younger-Coleman Novie O.
- Yusoff Ahmad Faudzi
- Yusoff Muhammad Fadhli Mohd
- Zainuddin Ahmad A.
- Zakavi Seyed Rasoul
- Zamani Farhad
- Zambon Sabina
- Zampelas Antonis
- Zaw Ko Ko
- Zdrojewski Tomasz
- Zdrojewski Tomasz
- Zejglicova Kristyna
- Zeng Yi
- Zhang Luxia
- Zhang Zhen-Yu
- Zhao Dong
- Zhao Ming-Hui
- Zhen Shiqi
- Zheng Yingfeng
- Zholdin Bekbolat
- Zhou Bin
- Zhu Dan
- Zins Marie
- Zitt Emanuel
- Zocalo Yanina
- Zoghlami Nada
- Zuniga Cisneros Julio
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
International audienceBACKGROUND - Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS - We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30โ79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS - The number of people aged 30โ79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306โ359) million women and 317 (292โ344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584โ668) million women and 652 (604โ698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55โ62) of women and 49% (46โ52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43โ51) of women and 38% (35โ41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20โ27) for women and 18% (16โ21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION - Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings
Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants
- Author
- Abarca-Gomez Leandra
- Abdeen Ziad A.
- Abu-Rmeileh Niveen M.
- Acosta-Cazares Benjamin
- Adams Robert J.
- Aekplakorn Wichai
- Afsana Kaosar
- Afzal Shoaib
- Agdeppa Imelda A.
- Aghazadeh-Attari Javad
- Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A.
- Agyemang Charles
- Ahmad Noor Ani
- Ahmadi Ali
- Ahmadi Naser
- Ahmadi Nastaran
- Ahmadizar Fariba
- Ahmed Soheir H.
- Ahrens Wolfgang
- Ajlouni Kamel
- Al Nsour Mohannad
- Al-Raddadi Rajaa
- Alarouj Monira
- AlBuhairan Fadia
- AlDhukair Shahla
- Ali Mohamed M.
- Alkandari Abdullah
- Alkerwi Ala'a
- Allin Kristine
- Aly Eman
- Amarapurkar Deepak N.
- Amougou Norbert
- Amouyel Philippe
- Andersen Lars Bo
- Anderssen Sigmund A.
- Andre Moura-dos-Santos Marcos
- Anjana Ranjit Mohan
- Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
- Ansong Daniel
- Aounallah-Skhiri Hajer
- Araujo Joana
- Ariansen Inger
- Aris Tahir
- Arku Raphael E.
- Arlappa Nimmathota
- Aryal Krishna K.
- Aspelund Thor
- Assah Felix K.
- Assuncao Maria Cecilia F.
- Auvinen Juha
- Avdicova Maria
- Azevedo Ana
- Azimi-Nezhad Mohsen
- Azizi Fereidoun
- Azmin Mehrdad
- Babu Bontha V.
- Bahijri Suhad
- Balakrishna Nagalla
- Balanova Yulia
- Balanova Yulia
- Bamoshmoosh Mohamed
- Banach Maciej
- Banadinovic Maja
- Bandosz Piotr
- Banegas Jose R.
- Bao Khanh Le Nguyen
- Bao Tran Quoc
- Baran Joanna
- Barbagallo Carlo M.
- Barcelo Alberto
- Barkat Amina
- Barreto Marta
- Barros Aluisio J. D.
- Bartosiewicz Anna
- Basit Abdul
- Bastos Joao Luiz D.
- Bata Iqbal
- Batieha Anwar M.
- Batyrbek Assembekov
- Baur Louise A.
- Beaglehole Robert
- Bebakar Wan Mohamad Wan
- Belavendra Antonisamy
- Ben Romdhane Habiba
- Benchekor Sounnia Mediene
- Benet Mikhail
- Bennett James E.
- Bennett James E.
- Benson Lowell S.
- Berkinbayev Salim
- Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio
- Bettiol Heloisa
- Bezerra Jorge
- Bhagyalaxmi Aroor
- Bhargava Santosh K.
- Bia Daniel
- Biasch Katia
- Bikbov Mukharram M.
- Bista Bihungum
- Bjerregaard Peter
- Bjertness Espen
- Bjertness Marius B.
- Bjorkelund Cecilia
- Bloch Katia V.
- Blokstra Anneke
- Bo Simona
- Bobak Martin
- Boeing Heiner
- Boggia Jose G.
- Boissonnet Carlos P.
- Bojesen Stig E.
- Boker Lital Keinan
- Bonet Gorbea Mariano
- Bongard Vanina
- Bonilla-Vargas Alice
- Bopp Matthias
- Borghs Herman
- Bovet Pascal
- Boyer Christopher B.
- Braeckman Lutgart
- Brajkovich Imperia
- Branca Francesco
- Breckenkamp Juergen
- Brenner Hermann
- Brewster Lizzy M.
- Briceno Yajaira
- Brito Miguel
- Bruno Graziella
- Bueno Gloria
- Bueno-de-Mesquita H. Bas
- Bugge Anna
- Burns Con
- Bursztyn Michael
- Cabrera de Leon Antonio
- Cacciottolo Joseph
- Cadena Leticia Hernandez
- Cameron Christine
- Can Gunay
- Candido Ana Paula C.
- Capanzana Mario V.
- Capkova Nadezda
- Capuano Eduardo
- Capuano Vincenzo
- Cardoso Viviane C.
- Carlsson Axel C.
- Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M.
- Carvalho Joana
- Casanueva Felipe F.
- Censi Laura
- Cervantes-Loaiza Marvin
- Chadjigeorgiou Charalambos A.
- Chamukuttan Snehalatha
- Chan Angelique W.
- Chan Queenie
- Chaturvedi Himanshu K.
- Chaturvedi Nish
- Chee Miao Li
- Chen Chien-Jen
- Chen Fangfang
- Chen Huashuai
- Chen Shuohua
- Chen Zhengming
- Cheng Ching-Yu
- Cheraghian Bahman
- Chetrit Angela
- Chien Kuo-Liong
- Chiolero Arnaud
- Chiou Shu-Ti
- Chirita-Emandi Adela
- Chirlaque Maria-Dolores
- Cho Belong
- Christensen Kaare
- Christofaro Diego G.
- Chudek Jerzy
- Cifkova Renata
- Cifkova Renata
- Cinteza Eliza
- Claessens Frank
- Clarke Janine
- Clays Els
- Cohen Emmanuel
- Collaboration NCD Risk Factor
- Concin Hans
- Cooper Cyrus
- Coppinger Tara C.
- Cordeiro da Silva Bruna Goncalves
- Costanzo Simona
- Cottel Dominique
- Cowan Melanie J.
- Cowell Chris
- Craig Cora L.
- Crampin Amelia C.
- Crujeiras Ana B.
- Cruz Juan J.
- Csilla Semanova
- Cui Liufu
- Cureau Felipe V.
- Cuschieri Sarah
- D'Arrigo Graziella
- d'Orsi Eleonora
- Dallongeville Jean
- Damasceno Albertino
- Damasceno Albertino
- Danaei Goodarz
- Danaei Goodarz
- Dankner Rachel
- Dantoft Thomas M.
- Dauchet Luc
- Davletov Kairat
- De Backer Guy
- De Bacquer Dirk
- De Curtis Amalia
- de Gaetano Giovanni
- De Henauw Stefaan
- de Moura Silva Caroline Ramos
- de Oliveira Paula Duarte
- de Paiva Karina Mary
- De Ridder David
- De Smedt Delphine
- de Wit Tobias F. Rinke
- Deepa Mohan
- Deev Alexander D.
- DeGennaro Vincent Jr
- Dekkaki Imane Cherkaoui
- del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez Maria
- Delisle Helene
- Demarest Stefaan
- Dennison Elaine
- Deschamps Valerie
- Dhimal Meghnath
- Di Castelnuovo Augusto F.
- Dias-da-Costa Juvenal Soares
- Diaz Alejandro
- Dickerson Ty T.
- Dika Zivka
- Dinc Gonul Horasan
- Djalalinia Shirin
- Do Ha T. P.
- Dobson Annette J.
- Doering Angela
- Doerr Marcus
- Donfrancesco Chiara
- Donoso Silvana P.
- Dorobantu Maria
- Doua Kouamelan
- Dragano Nico
- Drygas Wojciech
- Duante Charmaine A.
- Duboz Priscilla
- Duda Rosemary B.
- Dulskiene Virginija
- Dushpanova Anar
- Dzakula Aleksandar
- Dzerve Vilnis
- Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk Elzbieta
- Eddie Ricky
- Eftekhar Ebrahim
- Eggertsen Robert
- Eghtesad Sareh
- Eiben Gabriele
- Ekelund Ulf
- El Ati Jalila
- El-Khateeb Mohammad
- Eldemire-Shearer Denise
- Eliasen Marie
- Elisa Zapata Maria
- Elliott Paul
- Elliott Paul
- Elosua Roberto
- Erasmus Rajiv T.
- Erbel Raimund
- Erem Cihangir
- Eriksen Louise
- Eriksson Johan G.
- Escobedo-de la Pena Jorge
- Eslami Saeid
- Esmaeili Ali
- Evans Alun
- Ezzati Majid
- Faeh David
- Fakhretdinova Albina A.
- Fall Caroline H.
- Faramarzi Elnaz
- Farjam Mojtaba
- Farzadfar Farshad
- Farzadfar Farshad
- Fattahi Mohammad Reza
- Fawwad Asher
- Felix Stephan B.
- Felix-Redondo Francisco J.
- Ferguson Trevor S.
- Fernandes Romulo A.
- Fernandez-Berges Daniel
- Ferrante Daniel
- Ferrao Thomas
- Ferrari Marika
- Ferrario Marco M.
- Ferreccio Catterina
- Ferreira Haroldo S.
- Ferrer Eldridge
- Ferrieres Jean
- Figueiro Thamara Hubler
- Fink Gunther
- Fischer Krista
- Foo Leng Huat
- Forsner Maria
- Fouad Heba M.
- Francis Damian K.
- Franco Maria do Carmo
- Frikke-Schmidt Ruth
- Frontera Guillermo
- Fuchs Flavio D.
- Fuchs Sandra C.
- Fujita Yuki
- Fumihiko Matsuda
- Furdela Viktoriya
- Furer Ariel
- Furusawa Takuro
- Gaciong Zbigniew
- Galbarczyk Andrzej
- Galenkamp Henrike
- Galvano Fabio
- Gao Jingli
- Gao Pei
- Garcia Pablo
- Garcia-de-la-Hera Manoli
- Gareta Dickman
- Garnett Sarah P.
- Gaspoz Jean-Michel
- Gasull Magda
- Gazzinelli Andrea
- Gehring Ulrike
- Geleijnse Johanna M.
- George Ronnie
- Ghanbari Ali
- Ghasemi Erfan
- Gheorghe-Fronea Oana-Florentina
- Ghimire Anup
- Gialluisi Alessandro
- Giampaoli Simona
- Gieger Christian
- Gill Tiffany K.
- Giovannelli Jonathan
- Gironella Glen
- Giwercman Aleksander
- Gkiouras Konstantinos
- Glavic Mihalea Marinovic
- Goldberg Marcel
- Goldsmith Rebecca A.
- Gomes Barros Mauro Virgilio
- Gomez Luis F.
- Gomula Aleksandra
- Goncalves Helen
- Goncalves Mauer
- Gonzalez Angel R.
- Gonzalez-Chica David A.
- Gonzalez-Gross Marcela
- Gonzalez-Rivas Juan P.
- Gonzalez-Villalpando Clicerio
- Gonzalez-Villalpando Maria-Elena
- Gottrand Frederic
- Graff-Iversen Sidsel
- Grafnetter Dusan
- Grajda Aneta
- Grammatikopoulou Maria G.
- Gregg Edward W.
- Gregor Ronald D.
- Grodzicki Tomasz
- Grosso Giuseppe
- Gruden Gabriella
- Gu Dongfeng
- Guan Ong Peng
- Gudmundsson Elias F.
- Gudnason Vilmundur
- Guerrero Ramiro
- Guessous Idris
- Guimaraes Andre L.
- Gulliford Martin C.
- Gunnlaugsdottir Johanna
- Gunter Marc J.
- Gupta Prakash C.
- Gupta Rajeev
- Gureje Oye
- Gurzkowska Beata
- Gutierrez Laura
- Gutzwiller Felix
- Ha Seongjun
- Hadaegh Farzad
- Haghshenas Rosa
- Hakimi Hamid
- Halkjaer Jytte
- Hambleton Ian R.
- Hamzeh Behrooz
- Hange Dominique
- Hanif Abu A. M.
- Hantunen Sari
- Hao Jie
- Hardman Carla Meneses
- Hashemi-Shahri Seyed Mohammad
- Hata Jun
- Haugsgjerd Teresa
- Hayes Alison J.
- He Jiang
- He Jiang
- He Yuna
- Heier Margit
- Hendriks Marleen Elisabeth
- Henrique Rafael dos Santos
- Henriques Ana
- Herrala Sauli
- Heshmat Ramin
- Hill Allan G.
- Ho Sai Yin
- Ho Suzanne C.
- Hobbs Michael
- Holdsworth Michelle
- Homayounfar Reza
- Horimoto Andrea R. V. R.
- Hormiga Claudia M.
- Horta Bernardo L.
- Houti Leila
- Howitt Christina
- Htay Thein Thein
- Htet Aung Soe
- Htike Maung Maung Than
- Hu Yonghua
- Huerta Jose Maria
- Huhtaniemi Ilpo Tapani
- Huiart Laetitia
- Huisman Martijn
- Husseini Abdullatif S.
- Huybrechts Inge
- Hwalla Nahla
- Iacoviello Licia
- Iannone Anna G.
- Ibrahim Mohsen M.
- Ikeda Nayu
- Ikeda Nayu
- Ikram M. Arfan
- Iotova Violeta
- Irazola Vilma E.
- Ishida Takafumi
- Isiguzo Godsent C.
- Islam Muhammad
- Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
- Iurilli Maria L. C.
- Iwasaki Masanori
- Jackson Rod T.
- Jacobs Jeremy M.
- Jaddou Hashem Y.
- Jafar Tazeen
- James Kenneth
- Jamrozik Konrad
- Janszky Imre
- Janus Edward
- Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta
- Jasienska Grazyna
- Jelakovic Ana
- Jelakovic Bojan
- Jennings Garry
- Jerome Charles Sossa
- Jha Anjani Kumar
- Jiang Chao Qiang
- Jimenez Ramon O.
- Joeckel Karl-Heinz
- Joffres Michel
- Johansson Mattias
- Jokelainen Jari J.
- Jonas Jost B.
- Jorgensen Torben
- Jose Tormo Maria
- Joshi Pradeep
- Joukar Farahnaz
- Jozwiak Jacek
- Juolevi Anne
- Jurak Gregor
- Juresa Vesna
- Kaaks Rudolf
- Kafatos Anthony
- Kajantie Eero O.
- Kalmatayeva Zhanna
- Kalpourtzi Natasa
- Kalter-Leibovici Ofra
- Kampmann Freja B.
- Kannan Srinivasan
- Karaglani Eva
- Karhus Line L.
- Karki Khem B.
- Katibeh Marzieh
- Katz Joanne
- Kauhanen Jussi
- Kaur Prabhdeep
- Kavousi Maryam
- Kazakbaeva Gyulli M.
- Keil Ulrich
- Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi Sirkka
- Kelishadi Roya
- Kemper Han C. G.
- Kengne Andre P.
- Kengne Andre P.
- Keramati Maryam
- Kerimkulova Alina
- Kersting Mathilde
- Key Timothy
- Khader Yousef Saleh
- Khalili Davood
- Khang Young-Ho
- Khang Young-Ho
- Khaw Kay-Tee
- Kheiri Bahareh
- Kheradmand Motahareh
- Khosravi Alireza
- Kiechl Stefan
- Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Ursula
- Killewo Japhet
- Kim Dong Wook
- Kim Hyeon Chang
- Kim Hyeon Chang
- Kim Jeongseon
- Klakk Heidi
- Klimek Magdalena
- Klumbiene Jurate
- Knoflach Michael
- Kolle Elin
- Kolsteren Patrick
- Kontto Jukka P.
- Korpelainen Raija
- Korrovits Paul
- Kos Jelena
- Koskinen Seppo
- Kouda Katsuyasu
- Kowlessur Sudhir
- Koziel Slawomir
- Kratenova Jana
- Kriaucioniene Vilma
- Kristensen Peter Lund
- Krokstad Steiner
- Kromhout Daan
- Kruger Herculina S.
- Kubinova Ruzena
- Kuciene Renata
- Kujala Urho M.
- Kulaga Zbigniew
- Kumar R. Krishna
- Kumar Rachakulla Hari
- Kurjata Pawel
- Kusuma Yadlapalli S.
- Kutsenko Vladimir
- Kuulasmaa Kari
- Kyobutungi Catherine
- Laatikainen Tiina
- Lachat Carl
- Laid Youcef
- Lam Tai Hing
- Landrove Orlando
- Lanska Vera
- Lappas Georg
- Larijani Bagher
- Latt Tint Swe
- Laxmaiah Avula
- Laxmaiah Avula
- Le Coroller Gwenaelle
- Le Tuyen D.
- Lee Jeannette
- Lee Jeonghee
- Lehmann Nils
- Lehtimaki Terho
- Lele Elysee Claude Bika
- Lemogoum Daniel
- Levitt Naomi S.
- Lhoste Victor P. F.
- Li Yanping
- Lilly Christa L.
- Lim Wei-Yen
- Lima-Costa M. Fernanda
- Lin Hsien-Ho
- Lin Hsien-Ho
- Lin Xu
- Lin Yi-Ting
- Lind Lars
- Lingam Vijaya
- Linneberg Allan
- Lissner Lauren
- Litwin Mieczyslaw
- Lo Wei-Cheng
- Loit Helle-Mai
- Lopez Tania
- Lopez-Garcia Esther
- Lotufo Paulo A.
- Lovrencic Iva Lukacevic
- Lozano Jose Eugenio
- Lukrafka Janice L.
- Luksiene Dalia
- Lundqvist Annamari
- Lundqvist Robert
- Lunet Nuno
- Lustigova Michala
- Luszczki Edyta
- Ma Guansheng
- Ma Jun
- Machado-Coelho George L. L.
- Machado-Rodrigues Aristides M.
- Macia Enguerran
- Macieira Luisa M.
- Madar Ahmed A.
- Maggi Stefania
- Magliano Dianna J.
- Magriplis Emmanuella
- Mahasampath Gowri
- Maire Bernard
- Majer Marjeta
- Makdisse Marcia
- Malekzadeh Fatemeh
- Malekzadeh Reza
- Malhotra Rahul
- Mallikharjuna Kodavanti
- Malyutina Sofia K.
- Maniego Lynell V.
- Manios Yannis
- Mann Jim I.
- Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz
- Manzato Enzo
- Marcil Anie
- Margozzini Maira Paula
- Margozzini Paula
- Marild Staffan B.
- Marques Larissa Pruner
- Marques-Vidal Pedro
- Marrugat Jaume
- Martorell Reynaldo
- Mascarenhas Luis P.
- Matasin Marija
- Mathiesen Ellisiv B.
- Mathur Prashant
- Matijasevich Alicia
- Matlosz Piotr
- Matsha Tandi E.
- Mavrogianni Christina
- Mbanya Jean Claude N.
- Mc Donald Posso Anselmo J.
- McFarlane Shelly R.
- McGarvey Stephen T.
- McLachlan Stela
- McLean Rachael M.
- McLean Scott B.
- McNulty Breige A.
- Medzioniene Jurate
- Mehdipour Parinaz
- Mehlig Kirsten
- Mehrparvar Amir Houshang
- Meirhaeghe Aline
- Meisinger Christa
- Mendoza Montano Carlos
- Menezes Ana Maria B.
- Menon Geetha R.
- Mereke Alibek
- Meshram Indrapal I.
- Metspalu Andres
- Meyer Haakon E.
- Mi Jie
- Michels Nathalie
- Mikkel Kairit
- Milanovic Sanja Music
- Milkowska Karolina
- Miller Jody C.
- Minderico Claudia S.
- Minh Hoang Van
- Mini G. K.
- Miranda J. Jaime
- Miranda J. Jaime
- Mirjalili Mohammad Reza
- Mirrakhimov Erkin
- Misigoj-Durakovic Marjeta
- Modesti Pietro A.
- Moghaddam Sahar Saeedi
- Mohajer Bahram
- Mohamed Mostafa K.
- Mohamed Shukri F.
- Mohammad Kazem
- Mohammadi Mohammad Reza
- Mohammadi Zahra
- Mohammadifard Noushin
- Mohammadpourhodki Reza
- Mohamud Wan Nazaimoon Wan
- Mohan Viswanathan
- Mohanna Salim
- Mohebbi Iraj
- Mohebi Farnam
- Moitry Marie
- Mollehave Line T.
- Molnar Denes
- Momenan Amirabbas
- Mondo Charles K.
- Monterrubio-Flores Eric
- Monyeki Kotsedi Daniel K.
- Moon Jin Soo
- Moosazadeh Mahmood
- Moreira Leila B.
- Morejon Alain
- Moreno Luis A.
- Morgan Karen
- Moschonis George
- Mossakowska Malgorzata
- Mostafa Aya
- Mostafavi Seyed-Ali
- Mota Jorge
- Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeel
- Motta Jorge
- Mridha Malay K.
- Msyamboza Kelias P.
- Mu Thet Thet
- Muhihi Alfa J.
- Muiesan Maria L.
- Muller-Nurasyid Martina
- Murphy Neil
- Mursu Jaakko
- Musa Kamarul Imran
- Musil Vera
- Mustafa Norlaila
- Nabipour Iraj
- Naderimagham Shohreh
- Nagel Gabriele
- Naidu Balkish M.
- Najafi Farid
- Nakamura Harunobu
- Namesna Jana
- Nang Ei Ei K.
- Nangia Vinay B.
- Narake Sameer
- Ndiaye Ndeye Coumba
- Neal William A.
- Nejatizadeh Azim
- Nenko Ilona
- Neovius Martin
- Neuhauser Hannelore
- Neuhauser Hannelore K.
- Nguyen Chung T.
- Nguyen Nguyen D.
- Nguyen Quang Ngoc
- Nguyen Quang V.
- Nieto-Martinez Ramfis E.
- Niiranen Teemu J.
- Nikitin Yury P.
- Ninomiya Toshiharu
- Nishtar Sania
- Njelekela Marina A.
- Noale Marianna
- Noboa Oscar A.
- Noorbala Ahmad Ali
- Norat Teresa
- Nordendahl Maria
- Nordestgaard Borge G.
- Noto Davide
- Nowak-Szczepanska Natalia
- Nunes Baltazar
- O'Neill Terence W.
- O'Reilly Dermot
- Ochimana Caleb
- Oda Eiji
- Odili Augustine N.
- Oh Kyungwon
- Ohara Kumiko
- Ohtsuka Ryutaro
- Olie Valerie
- Olinto Maria Teresa A.
- Oliveira Isabel O.
- Omar Mohd Azahadi
- Onat Altan
- Ong Sok King
- Ono Lariane M.
- Ordunez Pedro
- Ornelas Rui
- Ortiz Pedro J.
- Osmond Clive
- Ostojic Sergej M.
- Ostovar Afshin
- Otero Johanna A.
- Overvad Kim
- Owusu-Dabo Ellis
- Paccaud Fred Michel
- Paciorek Christopher J.
- Padez Cristina
- Pahomova Elena
- Pajak Andrzej
- Palli Domenico
- Palmieri Luigi
- Pan Wen-Harn
- Panda-Jonas Songhomitra
- Panza Francesco
- Paoli Mariela
- Papandreou Dimitrios
- Park Soon-Woo
- Park Suyeon
- Parnell Winsome R.
- Parsaeian Mahboubeh
- Pasquet Patrick
- Patel Nikhil D.
- Pavlyshyn Halyna
- Pecin Ivan
- Pednekar Mangesh S.
- Pedro Joao M.
- Peer Nasheeta
- Peixoto Sergio Viana
- Peltonen Markku
- Pereira Alexandre C.
- Peres Karen G. D. A.
- Peres Marco A.
- Peters Annette
- Petkeviciene Janina
- Peykari Niloofar
- Pham Son Thai
- Pichardo Rafael N.
- Pigeot Iris
- Pikhart Hynek
- Pilav Aida
- Pilotto Lorenza
- Pitakaka Freda
- Piwonska Aleksandra
- Pizarro Andreia N.
- Plans-Rubio Pedro
- Polasek Ozren
- Porta Miquel
- Poudyal Anil
- Pourfarzi Farhad
- Pourshams Akram
- Poustchi Hossein
- Pradeepa Rajendra
- Price Alison J.
- Price Jacqueline F.
- Providencia Rui
- Puhakka Soile E.
- Puiu Maria
- Punab Margus
- Qasrawi Radwan F.
- Qorbani Mostafa
- Queiroz Daniel
- Radic Ivana
- Radisauskas Ricardas
- Rahim Hanan F. Abdul
- Rahimikazerooni Salar
- Rahman Mahfuzar
- Raitakari Olli
- Raj Manu
- Rakhimova Ellina M.
- Ramachandran Ambady
- Ramos Elisabete
- Rampal Lekhraj
- Rampal Sanjay
- Rangel Reina Daniel A.
- Rao Sudha Ramachandra
- Rarra Vayia
- Rech Cassiano Ricardo
- Redon Josep
- Reganit Paul Ferdinand M.
- Regecova Valeria
- Revilla Luis
- Rezaianzadeh Abbas
- Ribeiro Robespierre
- Riboli Elio
- Richter Adrian
- Rigo Fernando
- Riley Leanne M.
- Ritti-Dias Raphael M.
- Robitaille Cynthia
- Rodriguez-Artalejo Fernando
- Rodriguez-Villamizar Laura A.
- Roggenbuck Ulla
- Rojas-Martinez Rosalba
- Romaguera Dora
- Romeo Elisabetta L.
- Rosengren Annika
- Roy Joel G. R.
- Rubinstein Adolfo
- Ruidavets Jean-Bernard
- Ruiz-Castell Maria
- Rusakova Iuliia A.
- Russo Paola
- Rutkowski Marcin
- Sabanayagam Charumathi
- Sabbaghi Hamideh
- Sachdev Harshpal S.
- Sadjadi Alireza
- Safarpour Ali Reza
- Safi Sare
- Safiri Saeid
- Saidi Olfa
- Sakarya Sibel
- Saki Nader
- Salanave Benoit
- Salazar Martinez Eduardo
- Salmeron Diego
- Salomaa Veikko
- Salonen Jukka T.
- Salvetti Massimo
- Sanchez-Abanto Jose
- Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt Blanca
- Sans Susana
- Santos Silva Diego Augusto
- Santos Diana A.
- Santos Ina S.
- Santos Lelita C.
- Santos Maria Paula
- Santos Rute
- Saramies Jouko L.
- Sardinha Luis B.
- Sarganas Giselle
- Sarrafzadegan Nizal
- Sathish Thirunavukkarasu
- Saum Kai-Uwe
- Savin Stefan
- Savva Savvas
- Sawada Norie
- Sbaraini Mariana
- Scazufca Marcia
- Schaan Beatriz D.
- Schargrodsky Herman
- Schipf Sabine
- Schmidt Carsten O.
- Schnohr Peter
- Schoettker Ben
- Schramm Sara
- Schultsz Constance
- Schutte Aletta E.
- Sebert Sylvain
- Sein Aye Aye
- Sen Abhijit
- Senbanjo Idowu O.
- Sepanlou Sadaf G.
- Servais Jennifer
- Shalnova Svetlana A.
- Shamah-Levy Teresa
- Shamshirgaran Morteza
- Shanthirani Coimbatore Subramaniam
- Sharafkhah Maryam
- Sharma Sanjib K.
- Shaw Jonathan E.
- Shayanrad Amaneh
- Shayesteh Ali Akbar
- Shi Zumin
- Shibuya Kenji
- Shimizu-Furusawa Hana
- Shin Dong Wook
- Shirani Majid
- Shiri Rahman
- Shrestha Namuna
- Si-Ramlee Khairil
- Siani Alfonso
- Siantar Rosalynn
- Sibai Abla M.
- Simon Mary
- Simons Judith
- Simons Leon A.
- Singleton Rosie K.
- Sjostrom Michael
- Slowikowska-Hilczer Jolanta
- Slusarczyk Przemyslaw
- Smeeth Liam
- So Hung-Kwan
- Soares Fernanda Cunha
- Sobngwi Eugene
- Soderberg Stefan
- Soemantri Agustinus
- Sofat Reecha
- Solfrizzi Vincenzo
- Solomon Bethlehem
- Somi Mohammad Hossein
- Sonestedt Emily
- Song Yi
- Sophiea Marisa K.
- Sorensen Thorkild I. A.
- Sorgjerd Elin P.
- Soric Maroje
- Soumare Aicha
- Sparboe-Nilsen Bente
- Sparrenberger Karen
- Staessen Jan A.
- Starc Gregor
- Stavreski Bill
- Steene-Johannessen Jostein
- Stehle Peter
- Stein Aryeh D.
- Stergiou George S.
- Stessman Jochanan
- Stevens Gretchen A.
- Stieber Jutta
- Stocks Tanja
- Stoeckl Doris
- Stokwiszewski Jakub
- Stronks Karien
- Strufaldi Maria Wany
- Suka Machi
- Sun Chien-An
- Sundstrom Johan
- Sundstrom Johan
- Sung Yn-Tz
- Suriyawongpaisal Paibul
- Sy Rody G.
- Syddall Holly E.
- Sylva Rene Charles
- Szklo Moyses
- Tai E. Shyong
- Tammesoo Mari-Liis
- Tamosiunas Abdonas
- Tan Eng Joo
- Tang Xun
- Tanser Frank
- Tao Yong
- Tarawneh Mohammed Rasoul
- Tarqui-Mamani Carolina B.
- Taylor Anne
- Taylor Julie
- Tebar William R.
- Tell Grethe S.
- Tello Tania
- Tham Yih Chung
- Thankappan K. R.
- Theobald Holger
- Theodoridis Xenophon
- Thijs Lutgarde
- Thinggaard Mikael
- Thomas Nihal
- Thorand Barbara
- Thuesen Betina H.
- Timmermans Erik J.
- Tjandrarini Dwi H.
- Tjonneland Anne
- Toft Ulla
- Tolonen Hanna K.
- Tolstrup Janne S.
- Topbas Murat
- Topor-Madry Roman
- Tornaritis Michael J.
- Torrent Maties
- Torres-Collado Laura
- Touloumi Giota
- Traissac Pierre
- Triantafyllou Areti
- Trichopoulos Dimitrios
- Trichopoulou Antonia
- Trinh Oanh T. H.
- Trivedi Atul
- Tshepo Lechaba
- Tsugane Shoichiro
- Tuliakova Azaliia M.
- Tulloch-Reid Marshall K.
- Tullu Fikru
- Tuomainen Tomi-Pekka
- Tuomilehto Jaakko
- Turley Maria L.
- Twig Gilad
- Tynelius Per
- Tzourio Christophe
- Ueda Peter
- Ugel Eunice
- Ulmer Hanno
- Uusitalo Hannu M. T.
- Valdivia Gonzalo
- Valvi Damaskini
- van Dam Rob M.
- van den Born Bert-Jan
- Van der Heyden Johan
- van der Schouw Yvonne T.
- Van Herck Koen
- Van Schoor Natasja M.
- van Valkengoed Irene G. M.
- van Zutphen Elisabeth M.
- Vanderschueren Dirk
- Vanuzzo Diego
- Varbo Anette
- Varghese Cherian
- Vasan Senthil K.
- Vega Tomas
- Veidebaum Toomas
- Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo
- Veronesi Giovanni
- Verschuren W. M. Monique
- Verstraeten Roosmarijn
- Victora Cesar G.
- Viet Lucie
- Villalpando Salvador
- Vineis Paolo
- Vioque Jesus
- Virtanen Jyrki K.
- Visvikis-Siest Sophie
- Viswanathan Bharathi
- Vlasoff Tiina
- Vollenweider Peter
- Voutilainen Ari
- Vrkic Tajana Zeljkovic
- Wade Alisha N.
- Walton Janette
- Wambiya Elvis O. A.
- Wanderley Junior Rildo de Souza
- Wang Ming-Dong
- Wang Ningli
- Wang Qian
- Wang Xiangjun
- Wang Ya Xing
- Wang Ying-Wei
- Wannamethee S. Goya
- Wareham Nicholas
- Wei Wenbin
- Weres Aneta
- Werner Bo
- Whincup Peter H.
- Widhalm Kurt
- Widyahening Indah S.
- Widyahening Indah S.
- Wiecek Andrzej
- Wilks Rainford J.
- Willeit Johann
- Willeit Peter
- Williams Emmanuel A.
- Wilsgaard Tom
- Wojtyniak Bogdan
- Wong Andrew
- Wong Norazizah Ibrahim
- Wong Tien Yin
- Wong-McClure Roy A.
- Woo Jean
- Woodward Mark
- Woodward Mark
- Wu Frederick C.
- Wu Shouling
- Wyszynska Justyna
- Xu Haiquan
- Xu Liang
- Yaacob Nor Azwany
- Yan Weili
- Yang Ling
- Yang Xiaoguang
- Yang Yang
- Yasuharu Tabara
- Ye Xingwang
- Yiallouros Panayiotis K.
- Yoosefi Moein
- Yoshihara Akihiro
- You San-Lin
- Younger-Coleman Novie O.
- Yusoff Ahmad Faudzi
- Yusoff Muhammad Fadhli Mohd
- Zainuddin Ahmad A.
- Zakavi Seyed Rasoul
- Zamani Farhad
- Zambon Sabina
- Zampelas Antonis
- Zaw Ko Ko
- Zdrojewski Tomasz
- Zdrojewski Tomasz
- Zejglicova Kristyna
- Zeng Yi
- Zhang Luxia
- Zhang Zhen-Yu
- Zhao Dong
- Zhao Ming-Hui
- Zhen Shiqi
- Zheng Yingfeng
- Zholdin Bekbolat
- Zhou Bin
- Zhu Dan
- Zins Marie
- Zitt Emanuel
- Zocalo Yanina
- Zoghlami Nada
- Zuniga Cisneros Julio
- Publication venue
- Elsevier
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
International audienceBACKGROUND - Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS - We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30โ79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS - The number of people aged 30โ79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306โ359) million women and 317 (292โ344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584โ668) million women and 652 (604โ698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55โ62) of women and 49% (46โ52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43โ51) of women and 38% (35โ41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20โ27) for women and 18% (16โ21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION - Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings
Global variation in diabetes diagnosis and prevalence based on fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c
- Author
- Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen
- Abu-Rmeileh Niveen M.
- Adambekov Shalkar
- Adams Robert J.
- Aekplakorn Wichai
- Agdeppa Imelda A.
- Aghazadeh-Attari Javad
- Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A.
- Agyemang Charles
- Ahmad Noor Ani
- Ahmadi Ali
- Ahmadi Naser
- Ahmadi Nastaran
- Ahmed Soheir H.
- Ajlouni Kamel
- Al Asfoor Deena
- Al Nsour Mohannad
- Al Qaoud Nawal M.
- Al-Hinai Halima
- Al-Lahou Badreya
- Al-Lawati Jawad A.
- Alarouj Monira
- AlBuhairan Fadia
- AlDhukair Shahla
- Aldwairji Maryam A.
- Ali Mohamed M.
- Alinezhad Farbod
- Alkandari Abdullah
- Alomirah Husam F.
- Aly Eman
- Amarapurkar Deepak N.
- Andersen Lars Bo
- Anderssen Sigmund A.
- Andrade Dolores S.
- Anjana Ranjit Mohan
- Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
- Aounallah-Skhiri Hajer
- Aris Tahir
- Arlappa Nimmathota
- Aryal Krishna K.
- Assah Felix K.
- Assembekov Batyrbek
- Auvinen Juha
- Avdicova Maria
- Azad Kishwar
- Azimi-Nezhad Mohsen
- Azizi Fereidoun
- Bacopoulou Flora
- Balakrishna Nagalla
- Bamoshmoosh Mohamed
- Banach Maciej
- Bandosz Piotr
- Banegas Jose R.
- Barbagallo Carlo M.
- Barcelo Alberto
- Baretic Maja
- Barrera Lena
- Basit Abdul
- Batieha Anwar M.
- Batista Aline P.
- Baur Louise A.
- Bebakar Wan Mohamad Wan
- Belavendra Antonisamy
- Ben Romdhane Habiba
- Ben Schottker
- Benchekor Sounnia Mediene
- Benet Mikhail
- Bennett James E.
- Berkinbayev Salim
- Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio
- Berrios Carrasola Ximena
- Bettiol Heloisa
- Beybey Augustin F.
- Bhargava Santosh K.
- Bikbov Mukharram M.
- Bista Bihungum
- Bjerregaard Peter
- Bjertness Espen
- Bjertness Marius B.
- Bjorkelund Cecilia
- Bloch Katia, V
- Blokstra Anneke
- Bo Simona
- Bobak Martin
- Boggia Jose G.
- Bonaccio Marialaura
- Bonilla-Vargas Alice
- Borghs Herman
- Bovet Pascal
- Brajkovich Imperia
- Brenner Hermann
- Brewster Lizzy M.
- Brian Garry R.
- Briceno Yajaira
- Brito Miguel
- Bugge Anna
- Buntinx Frank
- Cabrera de Leon Antonio
- Caixeta Roberta B.
- Can Gunay
- Candido Ana Paula C.
- Capanzana Mario, V
- Capkova Nadezda
- Capuano Eduardo
- Capuano Rocco
- Capuano Vincenzo
- Cardoso Viviane C.
- Carlsson Axel C.
- Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M.
- Casanueva Felipe F.
- Censi Laura
- Cervantes-Loaiza Marvin
- Chamnan Parinya
- Chamukuttan Snehalatha
- Chan Queenie
- Charchar Fadi J.
- Chaturvedi Nish
- Chen Huashuai
- Cheraghian Bahman
- Chirlaque Maria-Dolores
- Chudek Jerzy
- Cifkova Renata
- Cirillo Massimo
- Cisneros Julio Zuniga
- Claessens Frank
- Cohen Emmanuel
- Concin Hans
- Cooper Cyrus
- Costanzo Simona
- Cowan Melanie J.
- Cowell Chris
- Crujeiras Ana B.
- Cruz Juan J.
- Cureau Felipe, V
- Cuschieri Sarah
- D'Arrigo Graziella
- D'Orsi Eleonora
- Dallongeville Jean
- Damasceno Albertino
- Danaei Goodarz
- Dastgiri Saeed
- Davletov Kairat
- De Curtis Amalia
- de Gaetano Giovanni
- De Henauw Stefaan
- Deepa Mohan
- DeGennaro Vincent, Jr.
- Demarest Stefaan
- Dennison Elaine
- Deschamps Valerie
- Dhimal Meghnath
- Dika Zivka
- Djalalinia Shirin
- Donfrancesco Chiara
- Dong Guanghui
- Dorobantu Maria
- Dorr Marcus
- Dragano Nico
- Drygas Wojciech
- Du Yong
- Duante Charmaine A.
- Duboz Priscilla
- Dushpanova Anar
- Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk Elzbieta
- Ebrahimi Narges
- Eddie Ricky
- Eftekhar Ebrahim
- Efthymiou Vasiliki
- Egbagbe Eruke E.
- Eghtesad Sareh
- El Ati Jalila
- El-Khateeb Mohammad
- Eldemire-Shearer Denise
- Elosua Roberto
- Enang Ofem
- Erasmus Rajiv T.
- Erbel Raimund
- Erem Cihangir
- Ergor Gul
- Eriksen Louise
- Eriksson Johan G.
- Esmaeili Ali
- Evans Roger G.
- Ezzati Majid
- Fakhradiyev Ildar
- Fall Caroline H.
- Faramarzi Elnaz
- Farjam Mojtaba
- Farzadfar Farshad
- Farzi Yosef
- Fattahi Mohammad Reza
- Fawwad Asher
- Felix-Redondo Francisco J.
- Ferguson Trevor S.
- Fernandez-Berges Daniel
- Ferrari Marika
- Ferreccio Catterina
- Ferreira Haroldo S.
- Ferrer Eldridge
- Feskens Edith J. M.
- Flood David
- Forsner Maria
- Fosse Sandrine
- Fottrell Edward F.
- Fouad Heba M.
- Francis Damian K.
- Frontera Guillermo
- Furusawa Takuro
- Gaciong Zbigniew
- Garnett Sarah P.
- Gasull Magda
- Gazzinelli Andrea
- Gehring Ulrike
- Ghaderi Ebrahim
- Ghamari Seyyed-Hadi
- Ghanbari Ali
- Ghasemi Erfan
- Gheorghe-Fronea Oana-Florentina
- Ghimire Anup
- Gialluisi Alessandro
- Giampaoli Simona
- Gianfagna Francesco
- Gill Tiffany K.
- Gironella Glen
- Giwercman Aleksander
- Goltzman David
- Gomula Aleksandra
- Goncalves Helen
- Goncalves Mauer
- Gonzalez Angel R.
- Gonzalez-Chica David A.
- Gonzalez-Gross Marcela
- Gonzalez-Rivas Juan P.
- Gonzalez-Villalpando Clicerio
- Gonzalez-Villalpando Maria-Elena
- Gottrand Frederic
- Grafnetter Dusan
- Gregg Edward W.
- Grodzicki Tomasz
- Grontved Anders
- Guerrero Ramiro
- Gujral Unjali P.
- Gupta Rajeev
- Gutierrez Laura
- Gwee Xinyi
- Haghshenas Rosa
- Hakimi Hamid
- Hambleton Ian R.
- Hamzeh Behrooz
- Hanekom Willem A.
- Hange Dominique
- Hantunen Sari
- Hao Jie
- Harooni Javad
- Hashemi-Shahri Seyed Mohammad
- Hata Jun
- Heap Rachel A.
- Heidemann Christin
- Henrique Rafael dos Santos
- Herrala Sauli
- Herzig Karl-Heinz
- Heshmat Ramin
- Hiep Hoang Phan
- Ho Sai Yin
- Hoang Van Minh
- Holdsworth Michelle
- Homayounfar Reza
- Hopman Wilma M.
- Horimoto Andrea R. V. R.
- Hormiga Claudia
- Horta Bernardo L.
- Houti Leila
- Howitt Christina
- Htay Thein Thein
- Htet Aung Soe
- Htike Maung Maung Than
- Huerta Jose Maria
- Huhtaniemi Ilpo Tapani
- Huisman Martijn
- Husseini Abdullatif
- Huybrechts Inge
- Iacoviello Licia
- Iakupova Ellina M.
- Iannone Anna G.
- Ijoma Chinwuba
- Imperatore Giuseppina
- Irazola Vilma E.
- Ishida Takafumi
- Isiguzo Godsent C.
- Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
- Islek Duygu
- Ittermann Till
- Iwasaki Masanori
- Jaaskelainen Tuija
- Jacobs Jeremy M.
- Jaddou Hashem Y.
- Jadoul Michel
- Jallow Bakary
- James Kenneth
- Jamil Kazi M.
- Janus Edward
- Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta
- Jasienska Grazyna
- Jelakovic Ana
- Jelakovic Bojan
- Jennings Garry
- Jha Anjani Kumar
- Jimenez Ramon O.
- Jockel Karl-Heinz
- Jokelainen Jari J.
- Jonas Jost B.
- Joshi Pradeep
- Josipovic Josipa
- Joukar Farahnaz
- Jozwiak Jacek
- Kafatos Anthony
- Kajantie Eero O.
- Kalmatayeva Zhanna
- Karki Khem B.
- Katibeh Marzieh
- Kauhanen Jussi
- Kazakbaeva Gyulli M.
- Kaze Francois F.
- Ke Calvin
- Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi Sirkka
- Kelishadi Roya
- Kengne Andre P.
- Keramati Maryam
- Kersting Mathilde
- Khader Yousef Saleh
- Khaledifar Arsalan
- Khalili Davood
- Khang Young-Ho
- Kheiri Bahareh
- Kheradmand Motahareh
- Khosravi Alireza
- Kiechl Sophia J.
- Kiechl Stefan
- Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Ursula
- Kim Hyeon Chang
- Kingston Andrew
- Klakk Heidi
- Klanova Jana
- Knoflach Michael
- Kolsteren Patrick
- Konig Jurgen
- Korpelainen Raija
- Korrovits Paul
- Kos Jelena
- Koskinen Seppo
- Kowlessur Sudhir
- Koziel Slawomir
- Kriemler Susi
- Kristensen Peter Lund
- Kromhout Daan
- Kubinova Ruzena
- Kujala Urho M.
- Kulimbet Mukhtar
- Kumar Rachakulla Hari
- Kurjata Pawel
- Kyobutungi Catherine
- Laatikainen Tiina
- Labadarios Demetre
- Lachat Carl
- Laid Youcef
- Lall Lachmie
- Lankila Tiina
- Lanska Vera
- Lappas Georg
- Larijani Bagher
- Latt Tint Swe
- Laurenzi Martino
- Laxmaiah Avula
- Lehmann Nils
- Lehtimaki Terho
- Lele Elysee Claude Bika
- Lemogoum Daniel
- Leung Gabriel M.
- Lhoste Victor P. F.
- Li Yanping
- Lima-Costa M. Fernanda
- Lin Hsien-Ho
- Lind Lars
- Lissner Lauren
- Liu Xiaotian
- Lopez Tania
- Lopez-Garcia Esther
- Lozano Jose Eugenio
- Lu Yuan
- Luksiene Dalia
- Lundqvist Annamari
- Lunet Nuno
- Lustigova Michala
- Machado-Coelho George L. L.
- Machado-Rodrigues Aristides M.
- Macia Enguerran
- Macieira Luisa M.
- Madar Ahmed A.
- Maestre Gladys E.
- Maggi Stefania
- Magliano Dianna J.
- Magriplis Emmanuella
- Mahasampath Gowri
- Maire Bernard
- Makdisse Marcia
- Malekpour Mohammad-Reza
- Malekzadeh Fatemeh
- Malekzadeh Reza
- Malyutina Sofia
- Maniego Lynell, V
- Manios Yannis
- Mannix Masimango Imani
- Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz
- Manzato Enzo
- Margozzini Paula
- Marino Joany
- Marques Larissa Pruner
- Martorell Reynaldo
- Mascarenhas Luis P.
- Masinaei Masoud
- Mathiesen Ellisiv B.
- Matsha Tandi E.
- Mbanya Jean Claude N.
- Mc Donald Posso Anselmo J.
- McFarlane Shelly R.
- McGarvey Stephen T.
- Mehlig Kirsten
- Mehrparvar Amir Houshang
- Melgarejo Jesus D.
- Mendez Fabian
- Menezes Ana Maria B.
- Mereke Alibek
- Meshram Indrapal I.
- Meto Diane T.
- Minderico Claudia S.
- Mini G. K.
- Miquel Juan Francisco
- Miranda J. Jaime
- Mirjalili Mohammad Reza
- Mishra Anu
- Modesti Pietro A.
- Moghaddam Sahar Saeedi
- Mohamed Mostafa K.
- Mohammad Kazem
- Mohammadi Mohammad Reza
- Mohammadi Zahra
- Mohammadifard Noushin
- Mohammadpourhodki Reza
- Mohamud Wan Nazaimoon Wan
- Mohan Viswanathan
- Mohebbi Iraj
- Moller Niels C.
- Molnar Denes
- Momenan Amirabbas
- Mondo Charles K.
- Montenegro Mendoza Roger A.
- Monterrubio-Flores Eric
- Moosazadeh Mahmood
- Moradpour Farhad
- Morejon Alain
- Moreno Luis A.
- Morgan Karen
- Morin Suzanne N.
- Moslem Alireza
- Mosquera Mildrey
- Mossakowska Malgorzata
- Mostafa Aya
- Mostafavi Seyed-Ali
- Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeel
- Motta Jorge
- Msyamboza Kelias P.
- Muiesan Maria L.
- Mursu Jaakko
- Musa Kamarul Imran
- Mustafa Norlaila
- Muyer Muel Telo M. C.
- Nabipour Iraj
- Nagel Gabriele
- Naidu Balkish M.
- Najafi Farid
- Namesna Jana
- Nangia Vinay B.
- Narayan K. M. Venkat
- Naseri Take
- Neelapaichit Nareemarn
- Nejatizadeh Azim
- Nenko Ilona
- Nervi Flavio
- Nguyen Chung T.
- Ni Michael Y.
- Nie Peng
- Nieto-Martinez Ramfis E.
- Ninomiya Toshiharu
- Noale Marianna
- Noboa Oscar A.
- Noto Davide
- Nuhoglu Irfan
- O'Neill Terence W.
- Odili Augustine N.
- Oh Kyungwon
- Ohtsuka Ryutaro
- Omar Mohd Azahadi
- Onat Altan
- Ong Sok King
- Onodugo Obinna
- Ordunez Pedro
- Ornelas Rui
- Ortiz Pedro J.
- Osmond Clive
- Ostovar Afshin
- Otero Johanna A.
- Ottendahl Charlotte B.
- Otu Akaninyene
- Owusu-Dabo Ellis
- Paciorek Chris J.
- Palmieri Luigi
- Pan Wen-Harn
- Panda-Jonas Songhomitra
- Panza Francesco
- Paoli Mariela
- Park Suyeon
- Parsaeian Mahboubeh
- Patel Nikhil D.
- Pavkov Meda E.
- Pechlaner Raimund
- Pecin Ivan
- Pedro Joao M.
- Peixoto Sergio Viana
- Peltonen Markku
- Pereira Alexandre C.
- Pessoa dos Prazeres Thaliane Mayara
- Peykari Niloofar
- Phall Modou Cheyassin
- Phelps Nowell H.
- Pichardo Rafael N.
- Pikhart Hynek
- Pilav Aida
- Piler Pavel
- Pitakaka Freda
- Piwonska Aleksandra
- Pizarro Andreia N.
- Plans-Rubio Pedro
- Plata Silvia
- Porta Miquel
- Poudyal Anil
- Pourfarzi Farhad
- Pourshams Akram
- Poustchi Hossein
- Pradeepa Rajendra
- Providencia Rui
- Puder Jardena J.
- Puhakka Solie
- Punab Margus
- Qorbani Mostafa
- Quang Ngoc La
- Quang Ngoc Nguyen
- Quintana Hedley K.
- Rahim Hanan F. Abdul
- Rahimikazerooni Salar
- Raitakari Olli
- Ramachandran Ambady
- Ramirez-Zea Manuel
- Ramke Jacqueline
- Ramos Rafel
- Rampal Lekhraj
- Rampal Sanjay
- Rangel Reina Daniel A.
- Rao Kodavanti Mallikharjuna
- Rashidi Mohammad-Mahdi
- Rayner Archie W.
- Redon Josep
- Renner Jane D. P.
- Reuter Cezane P.
- Revilla Luis
- Rezaei Negar
- Rezaianzadeh Abbas
- Rigo Fernando
- Riley Leanne M.
- Roa Reina G.
- Robinson Louise
- Rodriguez Andrea Y.
- Rodriguez-Artalejo Fernando
- Rodriguez-Perez Maria Del Cristo
- Rodriguez-Villamizar Laura A.
- Roggenbuck Ulla
- Rohloff Peter
- Romeo Elisabetta L.
- Rosengren Annika
- Rubinstein Adolfo
- Rust Petra
- Rutkowski Marcin
- Sabbaghi Hamideh
- Sachdev Harshpal S.
- Sadjadi Alireza
- Safarpour Ali Reza
- Safi Sare
- Safiri Saeid
- Saghi Mohammad Hossien
- Saidi Olfa
- Saki Nader
- Salaj Sanja
- Salanave Benoit
- Salonen Jukka T.
- Salvetti Massimo
- Sanchez-Abanto Jose
- Santos Silva Diego Augusto
- Santos Diana A.
- Santos Lelita C.
- Santos Maria Paula
- Santos Tamara R.
- Saramies Jouko L.
- Sardinha Luis B.
- Sarrafzadegan Nizal
- Saum Kai-Uwe
- Savin Stefan
- Sbaraini Mariana
- Scazufca Marcia
- Schaan Beatriz D.
- Scheidt-Nave Christa
- Schipf Sabine
- Schmidt Carsten O.
- Schramm Sara
- Sebert Sylvain
- Sedaghattalab Moslem
- Sein Aye Aye
- Sepanlou Sadaf G.
- Sewpaul Ronel
- Shamah-Levy Teresa
- Shamshirgaran Seyed Morteza
- Sharafkhah Maryam
- Sharma Sanjib K.
- Sharman Almaz
- Shaw Jonathan E.
- Shayanrad Amaneh
- Shayesteh Ali Akbar
- Sheffer Kate E.
- Shimizu-Furusawa Hana
- Shiri Rahman
- Shrestha Namuna
- Si-Ramlee Khairil
- Simon Mary
- Simons Judith
- Simons Leon A.
- Singleton Rosie K.
- Sjostrom Michael
- Slowikowska-Hilczer Jolanta
- Slusarczyk Przemyslaw
- Smeeth Liam
- Sobngwi Eugene
- Soderberg Stefan
- Soemantri Agustinus
- Sofat Reecha
- Solfrizzi Vincenzo
- Somi Mohammad Hossein
- Son Thai Pham
- Soumare Aicha
- Sousa-Poza Alfonso
- Sparrenberger Karen
- Staessen Jan A.
- Stavreski Bill
- Steene-Johannessen Jostein
- Stehle Peter
- Stein Aryeh D.
- Stessman Jochanan
- Stevens Gretchen A.
- Stokwiszewski Jakub
- Stronks Karien
- Suarez-Ortegon Milton F.
- Suebsamran Phalakorn
- Sundstrom Johan
- Suriyawongpaisal Paibul
- Sylva Rene Charles
- Szklo Moyses
- Tamosiunas Abdonas
- Tarawneh Mohammed Rasoul
- Tarqui-Mamani Carolina B.
- Taylor Anne
- Taylor Julie
- Tello Tania
- Thankappan K. R.
- Theobald Holger
- Theodoridis Xenophon
- Thet Thet Mu
- Thomas Nihal
- Thrift Amanda G.
- Timmermans Erik J.
- Tjandrarini Dwi Hapsari
- Tolonen Hanna K.
- Tolstrup Janne S.
- Tomaszewski Maciej
- Topbas Murat
- Torres-Collado Laura
- Traissac Pierre
- Tran Quoc Bao
- Triantafyllou Areti
- Tuitele John
- Tuliakova Azaliia M.
- Tulloch-Reid Marshall K.
- Tuomainen Tomi-Pekka
- Tzala Evangelia
- Tze Pin Ng
- Tzourio Christophe
- Ueda Peter
- Ugel Eunice
- Ukoli Flora A. M.
- Ulmer Hanno
- Uusitalo Hannu M. T.
- Valdivia Gonzalo
- Van den Born Bert-Jan
- Van der Heyden Johan
- van Rossem Lenie
- Van Schoor Natasja M.
- van Valkengoed Irene G. M.
- van Zutphen Elisabeth M.
- Vander Hoorn Stephen
- Vanderschueren Dirk
- Vanuzzo Diego
- Vasan Senthil K.
- Vega Tomas
- Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo
- Verstraeten Roosmarijn
- Viet Lucie
- Villalpando Salvador
- Vioque Jesus
- Virtanen Jyrki K.
- Viswanathan Bharathi
- Voutilainen Ari
- Vrkic Tajana Zeljkovic
- Wade Alisha N.
- Wang Chongjian
- Wang Ningli
- Wang Qian
- Wang Ya Xing
- Wang Ying-Wei
- Wannamethee S. Goya
- Webster-Kerr Karen
- Wedderkopp Niels
- Wei Wenbin
- Westbury Leo D.
- Whincup Peter H.
- Widhalm Kurt
- Widyahening Indah S.
- Wiecek Andrzej
- Wilks Rainford J.
- Willeit Johann
- Willeit Peter
- Wilsgaard Tom
- Wojtyniak Bogdan
- Wong Andrew
- Wong Emily B.
- Wong Norazizah Ibrahim
- Woodward Mark
- Wu Frederick C.
- Xu Haiquan
- Xu Liang
- Yaacob Nor Azwany
- Yan Li
- Yan Weili
- Yoosefi Moein
- Yoshihara Akihiro
- Younger-Coleman Novie O.
- Yu Yu-Ling
- Yu Yunjiang
- Yusoff Ahmad Faudzi
- Yusoff Muhammad Fadhli Mohd
- Zainuddin Ahmad A.
- Zamani Farhad
- Zambon Sabina
- Zampelas Antonis
- Zaw Ko Ko
- Zdrojewski Tomasz
- Zeng Yi
- Zhang Zhen-Yu
- Zholdin Bekbolat
- Zhou Bin
- Zimmet Paul
- Zitt Emanuel
- Zoghlami Nada
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- Field of study
Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants
- Author
- Abarca-Gomez Leandra
- Abdeen Ziad A.
- Abu-Rmeileh Niveen M.
- Acosta-Cazares Benjamin
- Adams Robert J.
- Aekplakorn Wichai
- Afsana Kaosar
- Afzal Shoaib
- Agdeppa Imelda A.
- Aghazadeh-Attari Javad
- Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A.
- Agyemang Charles
- Ahmad Noor Ani
- Ahmadi Ali
- Ahmadi Naser
- Ahmadi Nastaran
- Ahmadizar Fariba
- Ahmed Soheir H.
- Ahrens Wolfgang
- Ajlouni Kamel
- Al Nsour Mohannad
- Al-Raddadi Rajaa
- Alarouj Monira
- AlBuhairan Fadia
- AlDhukair Shahla
- Ali Mohamed M.
- Alkandari Abdullah
- Alkerwi Ala'a
- Allin Kristine
- Aly Eman
- Amarapurkar Deepak N.
- Amougou Norbert
- Amouyel Philippe
- Andersen Lars Bo
- Anderssen Sigmund A.
- Andre Moura-dos-Santos Marcos
- Anjana Ranjit Mohan
- Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
- Ansong Daniel
- Aounallah-Skhiri Hajer
- Araujo Joana
- Ariansen Inger
- Aris Tahir
- Arku Raphael E.
- Arlappa Nimmathota
- Aryal Krishna K.
- Aspelund Thor
- Assah Felix K.
- Assuncao Maria Cecilia F.
- Auvinen Juha
- Avdicova Maria
- Azevedo Ana
- Azimi-Nezhad Mohsen
- Azizi Fereidoun
- Azmin Mehrdad
- Babu Bontha V.
- Bahijri Suhad
- Balakrishna Nagalla
- Balanova Yulia
- Balanova Yulia
- Bamoshmoosh Mohamed
- Banach Maciej
- Banadinovic Maja
- Bandosz Piotr
- Banegas Jose R.
- Baran Joanna
- Barbagallo Carlo M.
- Barcelo Alberto
- Barkat Amina
- Barreto Marta
- Barros Aluisio J. D.
- Bartosiewicz Anna
- Basit Abdul
- Bastos Joao Luiz D.
- Bata Iqbal
- Batieha Anwar M.
- Batyrbek Assembekov
- Baur Louise A.
- Beaglehole Robert
- Bebakar Wan Mohamad Wan
- Belavendra Antonisamy
- Ben Romdhane Habiba
- Benchekor Sounnia Mediene
- Benet Mikhail
- Bennett James E.
- Bennett James E.
- Benson Lowell S.
- Berkinbayev Salim
- Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio
- Bettiol Heloisa
- Bezerra Jorge
- Bhagyalaxmi Aroor
- Bhargava Santosh K.
- Bia Daniel
- Biasch Katia
- Bikbov Mukharram M.
- Bista Bihungum
- Bjerregaard Peter
- Bjertness Espen
- Bjertness Marius B.
- Bjorkelund Cecilia
- Bloch Katia V.
- Blokstra Anneke
- Bo Simona
- Bobak Martin
- Boeing Heiner
- Boggia Jose G.
- Boissonnet Carlos P.
- Bojesen Stig E.
- Boker Lital Keinan
- Bonet Gorbea Mariano
- Bongard Vanina
- Bonilla-Vargas Alice
- Bopp Matthias
- Borghs Herman
- Bovet Pascal
- Boyer Christopher B.
- Braeckman Lutgart
- Brajkovich Imperia
- Branca Francesco
- Breckenkamp Juergen
- Brenner Hermann
- Brewster Lizzy M.
- Briceno Yajaira
- Brito Miguel
- Bruno Graziella
- Bueno Gloria
- Bueno-de-Mesquita H. Bas
- Bugge Anna
- Burns Con
- Bursztyn Michael
- Cabrera de Leon Antonio
- Cacciottolo Joseph
- Cadena Leticia Hernandez
- Cameron Christine
- Can Gunay
- Candido Ana Paula C.
- Capanzana Mario V.
- Capkova Nadezda
- Capuano Eduardo
- Capuano Vincenzo
- Cardoso Viviane C.
- Carlsson Axel C.
- Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M.
- Carvalho Joana
- Casanueva Felipe F.
- Censi Laura
- Cervantes-Loaiza Marvin
- Chadjigeorgiou Charalambos A.
- Chamukuttan Snehalatha
- Chan Angelique W.
- Chan Queenie
- Chaturvedi Himanshu K.
- Chaturvedi Nish
- Chee Miao Li
- Chen Chien-Jen
- Chen Fangfang
- Chen Huashuai
- Chen Shuohua
- Chen Zhengming
- Cheng Ching-Yu
- Cheraghian Bahman
- Chetrit Angela
- Chien Kuo-Liong
- Chiolero Arnaud
- Chiou Shu-Ti
- Chirita-Emandi Adela
- Chirlaque Maria-Dolores
- Cho Belong
- Christensen Kaare
- Christofaro Diego G.
- Chudek Jerzy
- Cifkova Renata
- Cifkova Renata
- Cinteza Eliza
- Claessens Frank
- Clarke Janine
- Clays Els
- Cohen Emmanuel
- Concin Hans
- Cooper Cyrus
- Coppinger Tara C.
- Cordeiro da Silva Bruna Goncalves
- Costanzo Simona
- Cottel Dominique
- Cowan Melanie J.
- Cowell Chris
- Craig Cora L.
- Crampin Amelia C.
- Crujeiras Ana B.
- Cruz Juan J.
- Csilla Semanova
- Cui Liufu
- Cureau Felipe V.
- Cuschieri Sarah
- D'Arrigo Graziella
- d'Orsi Eleonora
- Dallongeville Jean
- Damasceno Albertino
- Damasceno Albertino
- Danaei Goodarz
- Danaei Goodarz
- Dankner Rachel
- Dantoft Thomas M.
- Dauchet Luc
- Davletov Kairat
- De Backer Guy
- De Bacquer Dirk
- De Curtis Amalia
- de Gaetano Giovanni
- De Henauw Stefaan
- de Moura Silva Caroline Ramos
- de Oliveira Paula Duarte
- de Paiva Karina Mary
- De Ridder David
- De Smedt Delphine
- de Wit Tobias F. Rinke
- Deepa Mohan
- Deev Alexander D.
- DeGennaro Vincent Jr
- Dekkaki Imane Cherkaoui
- del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez Maria
- Delisle Helene
- Demarest Stefaan
- Dennison Elaine
- Deschamps Valerie
- Dhimal Meghnath
- Di Castelnuovo Augusto F.
- Dias-da-Costa Juvenal Soares
- Diaz Alejandro
- Dickerson Ty T.
- Dika Zivka
- Dinc Gonul Horasan
- Djalalinia Shirin
- Do Ha T. P.
- Dobson Annette J.
- Doering Angela
- Doerr Marcus
- Donfrancesco Chiara
- Donoso Silvana P.
- Dorobantu Maria
- Doua Kouamelan
- Dragano Nico
- Drygas Wojciech
- Duante Charmaine A.
- Duboz Priscilla
- Duda Rosemary B.
- Dulskiene Virginija
- Dushpanova Anar
- Dzakula Aleksandar
- Dzerve Vilnis
- Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk Elzbieta
- Eddie Ricky
- Eftekhar Ebrahim
- Eggertsen Robert
- Eghtesad Sareh
- Eiben Gabriele
- Ekelund Ulf
- El Ati Jalila
- El-Khateeb Mohammad
- Eldemire-Shearer Denise
- Eliasen Marie
- Elisa Zapata Maria
- Elliott Paul
- Elliott Paul
- Elosua Roberto
- Erasmus Rajiv T.
- Erbel Raimund
- Erem Cihangir
- Eriksen Louise
- Eriksson Johan G.
- Escobedo-de la Pena Jorge
- Eslami Saeid
- Esmaeili Ali
- Evans Alun
- Ezzati Majid
- Faeh David
- Fakhretdinova Albina A.
- Fall Caroline H.
- Faramarzi Elnaz
- Farjam Mojtaba
- Farzadfar Farshad
- Farzadfar Farshad
- Fattahi Mohammad Reza
- Fawwad Asher
- Felix Stephan B.
- Felix-Redondo Francisco J.
- Ferguson Trevor S.
- Fernandes Romulo A.
- Fernandez-Berges Daniel
- Ferrante Daniel
- Ferrao Thomas
- Ferrari Marika
- Ferrario Marco M.
- Ferreccio Catterina
- Ferreira Haroldo S.
- Ferrer Eldridge
- Ferrieres Jean
- Figueiro Thamara Hubler
- Fink Gunther
- Fischer Krista
- Foo Leng Huat
- Forsner Maria
- Fouad Heba M.
- Francis Damian K.
- Franco Maria do Carmo
- Frikke-Schmidt Ruth
- Frontera Guillermo
- Fuchs Flavio D.
- Fuchs Sandra C.
- Fujita Yuki
- Fumihiko Matsuda
- Furdela Viktoriya
- Furer Ariel
- Furusawa Takuro
- Gaciong Zbigniew
- Galbarczyk Andrzej
- Galenkamp Henrike
- Galvano Fabio
- Gao Jingli
- Gao Pei
- Garcia Pablo
- Garcia-de-la-Hera Manoli
- Gareta Dickman
- Garnett Sarah P.
- Gaspoz Jean-Michel
- Gasull Magda
- Gazzinelli Andrea
- Gehring Ulrike
- Geleijnse Johanna M.
- George Ronnie
- Ghanbari Ali
- Ghasemi Erfan
- Gheorghe-Fronea Oana-Florentina
- Ghimire Anup
- Gialluisi Alessandro
- Giampaoli Simona
- Gieger Christian
- Gill Tiffany K.
- Giovannelli Jonathan
- Gironella Glen
- Giwercman Aleksander
- Gkiouras Konstantinos
- Glavic Mihalea Marinovic
- Goldberg Marcel
- Goldsmith Rebecca A.
- Gomes Barros Mauro Virgilio
- Gomez Luis F.
- Gomula Aleksandra
- Goncalves Helen
- Goncalves Mauer
- Gonzalez Angel R.
- Gonzalez-Chica David A.
- Gonzalez-Gross Marcela
- Gonzalez-Rivas Juan P.
- Gonzalez-Villalpando Clicerio
- Gonzalez-Villalpando Maria-Elena
- Gottrand Frederic
- Graff-Iversen Sidsel
- Grafnetter Dusan
- Grajda Aneta
- Grammatikopoulou Maria G.
- Gregg Edward W.
- Gregor Ronald D.
- Grodzicki Tomasz
- Grosso Giuseppe
- Gruden Gabriella
- Gu Dongfeng
- Guan Ong Peng
- Gudmundsson Elias F.
- Gudnason Vilmundur
- Guerrero Ramiro
- Guessous Idris
- Guimaraes Andre L.
- Gulliford Martin C.
- Gunnlaugsdottir Johanna
- Gunter Marc J.
- Gupta Prakash C.
- Gupta Rajeev
- Gureje Oye
- Gurzkowska Beata
- Gutierrez Laura
- Gutzwiller Felix
- Ha Seongjun
- Hadaegh Farzad
- Haghshenas Rosa
- Hakimi Hamid
- Halkjaer Jytte
- Hambleton Ian R.
- Hamzeh Behrooz
- Hange Dominique
- Hanif Abu A. M.
- Hantunen Sari
- Hao Jie
- Hardman Carla Meneses
- Hashemi-Shahri Seyed Mohammad
- Hata Jun
- Haugsgjerd Teresa
- Hayes Alison J.
- He Jiang
- He Jiang
- He Yuna
- Heier Margit
- Hendriks Marleen Elisabeth
- Henrique Rafael dos Santos
- Henriques Ana
- Herrala Sauli
- Heshmat Ramin
- Hill Allan G.
- Ho Sai Yin
- Ho Suzanne C.
- Hoang Van Minh
- Hobbs Michael
- Holdsworth Michelle
- Homayounfar Reza
- Horimoto Andrea R. V. R.
- Hormiga Claudia M.
- Horta Bernardo L.
- Houti Leila
- Howitt Christina
- Htay Thein Thein
- Htet Aung Soe
- Htike Maung Maung Than
- Hu Yonghua
- Huerta Jose Maria
- Huhtaniemi Ilpo Tapani
- Huiart Laetitia
- Huisman Martijn
- Husseini Abdullatif S.
- Huybrechts Inge
- Hwalla Nahla
- Iacoviello Licia
- Iannone Anna G.
- Ibrahim Mohsen M.
- Ikeda Nayu
- Ikeda Nayu
- Ikram M. Arfan
- Iotova Violeta
- Irazola Vilma E.
- Ishida Takafumi
- Isiguzo Godsent C.
- Islam Muhammad
- Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
- Iurilli Maria L. C.
- Iwasaki Masanori
- Jackson Rod T.
- Jacobs Jeremy M.
- Jaddou Hashem Y.
- Jafar Tazeen
- James Kenneth
- Jamrozik Konrad
- Janszky Imre
- Janus Edward
- Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta
- Jasienska Grazyna
- Jelakovic Ana
- Jelakovic Bojan
- Jennings Garry
- Jerome Charles Sossa
- Jha Anjani Kumar
- Jiang Chao Qiang
- Jimenez Ramon O.
- Joeckel Karl-Heinz
- Joffres Michel
- Johansson Mattias
- Jokelainen Jari J.
- Jonas Jost B.
- Jorgensen Torben
- Jose Tormo Maria
- Joshi Pradeep
- Joukar Farahnaz
- Jozwiak Jacek
- Juolevi Anne
- Jurak Gregor
- Juresa Vesna
- Kaaks Rudolf
- Kafatos Anthony
- Kajantie Eero O.
- Kalmatayeva Zhanna
- Kalpourtzi Natasa
- Kalter-Leibovici Ofra
- Kampmann Freja B.
- Kannan Srinivasan
- Karaglani Eva
- Karhus Line L.
- Karki Khem B.
- Katibeh Marzieh
- Katz Joanne
- Kauhanen Jussi
- Kaur Prabhdeep
- Kavousi Maryam
- Kazakbaeva Gyulli M.
- Keil Ulrich
- Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi Sirkka
- Kelishadi Roya
- Kemper Han C. G.
- Kengne Andre P.
- Kengne Andre P.
- Keramati Maryam
- Kerimkulova Alina
- Kersting Mathilde
- Key Timothy
- Khader Yousef Saleh
- Khalili Davood
- Khang Young-Ho
- Khang Young-Ho
- Khanh Le Nguyen Bao
- Khaw Kay-Tee
- Kheiri Bahareh
- Kheradmand Motahareh
- Khosravi Alireza
- Kiechl Stefan
- Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Ursula
- Killewo Japhet
- Kim Dong Wook
- Kim Hyeon Chang
- Kim Hyeon Chang
- Kim Jeongseon
- Klakk Heidi
- Klimek Magdalena
- Klumbiene Jurate
- Knoflach Michael
- Kolle Elin
- Kolsteren Patrick
- Kontto Jukka P.
- Korpelainen Raija
- Korrovits Paul
- Kos Jelena
- Koskinen Seppo
- Kouda Katsuyasu
- Kowlessur Sudhir
- Koziel Slawomir
- Kratenova Jana
- Kriaucioniene Vilma
- Kristensen Peter Lund
- Krokstad Steiner
- Kromhout Daan
- Kruger Herculina S.
- Kubinova Ruzena
- Kuciene Renata
- Kujala Urho M.
- Kulaga Zbigniew
- Kumar R. Krishna
- Kumar Rachakulla Hari
- Kurjata Pawel
- Kusuma Yadlapalli S.
- Kutsenko Vladimir
- Kuulasmaa Kari
- Kyobutungi Catherine
- Laatikainen Tiina
- Lachat Carl
- Laid Youcef
- Lam Tai Hing
- Landrove Orlando
- Lanska Vera
- Lappas Georg
- Larijani Bagher
- Latt Tint Swe
- Laxmaiah Avula
- Laxmaiah Avula
- Le Coroller Gwenaelle
- Le Tuyen D.
- Lee Jeannette
- Lee Jeonghee
- Lehmann Nils
- Lehtimaki Terho
- Lele Elysee Claude Bika
- Lemogoum Daniel
- Levitt Naomi S.
- Lhoste Victor P. F.
- Li Yanping
- Lilly Christa L.
- Lim Wei-Yen
- Lima-Costa M. Fernanda
- Lin Hsien-Ho
- Lin Hsien-Ho
- Lin Xu
- Lin Yi-Ting
- Lind Lars
- Lingam Vijaya
- Linneberg Allan
- Lissner Lauren
- Litwin Mieczyslaw
- Lo Wei-Cheng
- Loit Helle-Mai
- Lopez Tania
- Lopez-Garcia Esther
- Lotufo Paulo A.
- Lovrencic Iva Lukacevic
- Lozano Jose Eugenio
- Lukrafka Janice L.
- Luksiene Dalia
- Lundqvist Annamari
- Lundqvist Robert
- Lunet Nuno
- Lustigova Michala
- Luszczki Edyta
- Ma Guansheng
- Ma Jun
- Machado-Coelho George L. L.
- Machado-Rodrigues Aristides M.
- Macia Enguerran
- Macieira Luisa M.
- Madar Ahmed A.
- Maggi Stefania
- Magliano Dianna J.
- Magriplis Emmanuella
- Mahasampath Gowri
- Maire Bernard
- Majer Marjeta
- Makdisse Marcia
- Malekzadeh Fatemeh
- Malekzadeh Reza
- Malhotra Rahul
- Mallikharjuna Kodavanti
- Malyutina Sofia K.
- Maniego Lynell V.
- Manios Yannis
- Mann Jim I.
- Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz
- Manzato Enzo
- Marcil Anie
- Margozzini Maira Paula
- Margozzini Paula
- Marild Staffan B.
- Marques Larissa Pruner
- Marques-Vidal Pedro
- Marrugat Jaume
- Martorell Reynaldo
- Mascarenhas Luis P.
- Matasin Marija
- Mathiesen Ellisiv B.
- Mathur Prashant
- Matijasevich Alicia
- Matlosz Piotr
- Matsha Tandi E.
- Mavrogianni Christina
- Mbanya Jean Claude N.
- Mc Donald Posso Anselmo J.
- McFarlane Shelly R.
- McGarvey Stephen T.
- McLachlan Stela
- McLean Rachael M.
- McLean Scott B.
- McNulty Breige A.
- Medzioniene Jurate
- Mehdipour Parinaz
- Mehlig Kirsten
- Mehrparvar Amir Houshang
- Meirhaeghe Aline
- Meisinger Christa
- Mendoza Montano Carlos
- Menezes Ana Maria B.
- Menon Geetha R.
- Mereke Alibek
- Meshram Indrapal I.
- Metspalu Andres
- Meyer Haakon E.
- Mi Jie
- Michels Nathalie
- Mikkel Kairit
- Milanovic Sanja Music
- Milkowska Karolina
- Miller Jody C.
- Minderico Claudia S.
- Mini G. K.
- Miranda J. Jaime
- Miranda J. Jaime
- Mirjalili Mohammad Reza
- Mirrakhimov Erkin
- Misigoj-Durakovic Marjeta
- Modesti Pietro A.
- Moghaddam Sahar Saeedi
- Mohajer Bahram
- Mohamed Mostafa K.
- Mohamed Shukri F.
- Mohammad Kazem
- Mohammadi Mohammad Reza
- Mohammadi Zahra
- Mohammadifard Noushin
- Mohammadpourhodki Reza
- Mohamud Wan Nazaimoon Wan
- Mohan Viswanathan
- Mohanna Salim
- Mohebbi Iraj
- Mohebi Farnam
- Moitry Marie
- Mollehave Line T.
- Molnar Denes
- Momenan Amirabbas
- Mondo Charles K.
- Monterrubio-Flores Eric
- Monyeki Kotsedi Daniel K.
- Moon Jin Soo
- Moosazadeh Mahmood
- Moreira Leila B.
- Morejon Alain
- Moreno Luis A.
- Morgan Karen
- Moschonis George
- Mossakowska Malgorzata
- Mostafa Aya
- Mostafavi Seyed-Ali
- Mota Jorge
- Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeel
- Motta Jorge
- Mridha Malay K.
- Msyamboza Kelias P.
- Mu Thet Thet
- Muhihi Alfa J.
- Muiesan Maria L.
- Muller-Nurasyid Martina
- Murphy Neil
- Mursu Jaakko
- Musa Kamarul Imran
- Musil Vera
- Mustafa Norlaila
- Nabipour Iraj
- Naderimagham Shohreh
- Nagel Gabriele
- Naidu Balkish M.
- Najafi Farid
- Nakamura Harunobu
- Namesna Jana
- Nang Ei Ei K.
- Nangia Vinay B.
- Narake Sameer
- Ndiaye Ndeye Coumba
- Neal William A.
- Nejatizadeh Azim
- Nenko Ilona
- Neovius Martin
- Neuhauser Hannelore
- Neuhauser Hannelore K.
- Nguyen Chung T.
- Nguyen Nguyen D.
- Nguyen Quang V.
- Nieto-Martinez Ramfis E.
- Niiranen Teemu J.
- Nikitin Yury P.
- Ninomiya Toshiharu
- Nishtar Sania
- Njelekela Marina A.
- Noale Marianna
- Noboa Oscar A.
- Noorbala Ahmad Ali
- Norat Teresa
- Nordendahl Maria
- Nordestgaard Borge G.
- Noto Davide
- Nowak-Szczepanska Natalia
- Nunes Baltazar
- O'Neill Terence W.
- O'Reilly Dermot
- Ochimana Caleb
- Oda Eiji
- Odili Augustine N.
- Oh Kyungwon
- Ohara Kumiko
- Ohtsuka Ryutaro
- Olie Valerie
- Olinto Maria Teresa A.
- Oliveira Isabel O.
- Omar Mohd Azahadi
- Onat Altan
- Ong Sok King
- Ono Lariane M.
- Ordunez Pedro
- Ornelas Rui
- Ortiz Pedro J.
- Osmond Clive
- Ostojic Sergej M.
- Ostovar Afshin
- Otero Johanna A.
- Overvad Kim
- Owusu-Dabo Ellis
- Paccaud Fred Michel
- Paciorek Christopher J.
- Padez Cristina
- Pahomova Elena
- Pajak Andrzej
- Palli Domenico
- Palmieri Luigi
- Pan Wen-Harn
- Panda-Jonas Songhomitra
- Panza Francesco
- Paoli Mariela
- Papandreou Dimitrios
- Park Soon-Woo
- Park Suyeon
- Parnell Winsome R.
- Parsaeian Mahboubeh
- Pasquet Patrick
- Patel Nikhil D.
- Pavlyshyn Halyna
- Pecin Ivan
- Pednekar Mangesh S.
- Pedro Joao M.
- Peer Nasheeta
- Peixoto Sergio Viana
- Peltonen Markku
- Pereira Alexandre C.
- Peres Karen G. D. A.
- Peres Marco A.
- Peters Annette
- Petkeviciene Janina
- Peykari Niloofar
- Pichardo Rafael N.
- Pigeot Iris
- Pikhart Hynek
- Pilav Aida
- Pilotto Lorenza
- Pitakaka Freda
- Piwonska Aleksandra
- Pizarro Andreia N.
- Plans-Rubio Pedro
- Polasek Ozren
- Porta Miquel
- Poudyal Anil
- Pourfarzi Farhad
- Pourshams Akram
- Poustchi Hossein
- Pradeepa Rajendra
- Price Alison J.
- Price Jacqueline F.
- Providencia Rui
- Puhakka Soile E.
- Puiu Maria
- Punab Margus
- Qasrawi Radwan F.
- Qorbani Mostafa
- Quang Ngoc Nguyen
- Queiroz Daniel
- Radic Ivana
- Radisauskas Ricardas
- Rahim Hanan F. Abdul
- Rahimikazerooni Salar
- Rahman Mahfuzar
- Raitakari Olli
- Raj Manu
- Rakhimova Ellina M.
- Ramachandran Ambady
- Ramos Elisabete
- Rampal Lekhraj
- Rampal Sanjay
- Rangel Reina Daniel A.
- Rao Sudha Ramachandra
- Rarra Vayia
- Rech Cassiano Ricardo
- Redon Josep
- Reganit Paul Ferdinand M.
- Regecova Valeria
- Revilla Luis
- Rezaianzadeh Abbas
- Ribeiro Robespierre
- Riboli Elio
- Richter Adrian
- Rigo Fernando
- Riley Leanne M.
- Ritti-Dias Raphael M.
- Robitaille Cynthia
- Rodriguez-Artalejo Fernando
- Rodriguez-Villamizar Laura A.
- Roggenbuck Ulla
- Rojas-Martinez Rosalba
- Romaguera Dora
- Romeo Elisabetta L.
- Rosengren Annika
- Roy Joel G. R.
- Rubinstein Adolfo
- Ruidavets Jean-Bernard
- Ruiz-Castell Maria
- Rusakova Iuliia A.
- Russo Paola
- Rutkowski Marcin
- Sabanayagam Charumathi
- Sabbaghi Hamideh
- Sachdev Harshpal S.
- Sadjadi Alireza
- Safarpour Ali Reza
- Safi Sare
- Safiri Saeid
- Saidi Olfa
- Sakarya Sibel
- Saki Nader
- Salanave Benoit
- Salazar Martinez Eduardo
- Salmeron Diego
- Salomaa Veikko
- Salonen Jukka T.
- Salvetti Massimo
- Sanchez-Abanto Jose
- Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt Blanca
- Sans Susana
- Santos Silva Diego Augusto
- Santos Diana A.
- Santos Ina S.
- Santos Lelita C.
- Santos Maria Paula
- Santos Rute
- Saramies Jouko L.
- Sardinha Luis B.
- Sarganas Giselle
- Sarrafzadegan Nizal
- Sathish Thirunavukkarasu
- Saum Kai-Uwe
- Savin Stefan
- Savva Savvas
- Sawada Norie
- Sbaraini Mariana
- Scazufca Marcia
- Schaan Beatriz D.
- Schargrodsky Herman
- Schipf Sabine
- Schmidt Carsten O.
- Schnohr Peter
- Schoettker Ben
- Schramm Sara
- Schultsz Constance
- Schutte Aletta E.
- Sebert Sylvain
- Sein Aye Aye
- Sen Abhijit
- Senbanjo Idowu O.
- Sepanlou Sadaf G.
- Servais Jennifer
- Shalnova Svetlana A.
- Shamah-Levy Teresa
- Shamshirgaran Morteza
- Shanthirani Coimbatore Subramaniam
- Sharafkhah Maryam
- Sharma Sanjib K.
- Shaw Jonathan E.
- Shayanrad Amaneh
- Shayesteh Ali Akbar
- Shi Zumin
- Shibuya Kenji
- Shimizu-Furusawa Hana
- Shin Dong Wook
- Shirani Majid
- Shiri Rahman
- Shrestha Namuna
- Si-Ramlee Khairil
- Siani Alfonso
- Siantar Rosalynn
- Sibai Abla M.
- Simon Mary
- Simons Judith
- Simons Leon A.
- Singleton Rosie K.
- Sjostrom Michael
- Slowikowska-Hilczer Jolanta
- Slusarczyk Przemyslaw
- Smeeth Liam
- So Hung-Kwan
- Soares Fernanda Cunha
- Sobngwi Eugene
- Soderberg Stefan
- Soemantri Agustinus
- Sofat Reecha
- Solfrizzi Vincenzo
- Solomon Bethlehem
- Somi Mohammad Hossein
- Son Thai Pham
- Sonestedt Emily
- Song Yi
- Sophiea Marisa K.
- Sorensen Thorkild I. A.
- Sorgjerd Elin P.
- Soric Maroje
- Soumare Aicha
- Sparboe-Nilsen Bente
- Sparrenberger Karen
- Staessen Jan A.
- Starc Gregor
- Stavreski Bill
- Steene-Johannessen Jostein
- Stehle Peter
- Stein Aryeh D.
- Stergiou George S.
- Stessman Jochanan
- Stevens Gretchen A.
- Stieber Jutta
- Stocks Tanja
- Stoeckl Doris
- Stokwiszewski Jakub
- Stronks Karien
- Strufaldi Maria Wany
- Suka Machi
- Sun Chien-An
- Sundstrom Johan
- Sundstrom Johan
- Sung Yn-Tz
- Suriyawongpaisal Paibul
- Sy Rody G.
- Syddall Holly E.
- Sylva Rene Charles
- Szklo Moyses
- Tai E. Shyong
- Tammesoo Mari-Liis
- Tamosiunas Abdonas
- Tan Eng Joo
- Tang Xun
- Tanser Frank
- Tao Yong
- Tarawneh Mohammed Rasoul
- Tarqui-Mamani Carolina B.
- Taylor Anne
- Taylor Julie
- Tebar William R.
- Tell Grethe S.
- Tello Tania
- Tham Yih Chung
- Thankappan K. R.
- Theobald Holger
- Theodoridis Xenophon
- Thijs Lutgarde
- Thinggaard Mikael
- Thomas Nihal
- Thorand Barbara
- Thuesen Betina H.
- Timmermans Erik J.
- Tjandrarini Dwi H.
- Tjonneland Anne
- Toft Ulla
- Tolonen Hanna K.
- Tolstrup Janne S.
- Topbas Murat
- Topor-Madry Roman
- Tornaritis Michael J.
- Torrent Maties
- Torres-Collado Laura
- Touloumi Giota
- Traissac Pierre
- Tran Quoc Bao
- Triantafyllou Areti
- Trichopoulos Dimitrios
- Trichopoulou Antonia
- Trinh Oanh T. H.
- Trivedi Atul
- Tshepo Lechaba
- Tsugane Shoichiro
- Tuliakova Azaliia M.
- Tulloch-Reid Marshall K.
- Tullu Fikru
- Tuomainen Tomi-Pekka
- Tuomilehto Jaakko
- Turley Maria L.
- Twig Gilad
- Tynelius Per
- Tzourio Christophe
- Ueda Peter
- Ugel Eunice
- Ulmer Hanno
- Uusitalo Hannu M. T.
- Valdivia Gonzalo
- Valvi Damaskini
- van Dam Rob M.
- van den Born Bert-Jan
- Van der Heyden Johan
- van der Schouw Yvonne T.
- Van Herck Koen
- Van Schoor Natasja M.
- van Valkengoed Irene G. M.
- van Zutphen Elisabeth M.
- Vanderschueren Dirk
- Vanuzzo Diego
- Varbo Anette
- Varghese Cherian
- Vasan Senthil K.
- Vega Tomas
- Veidebaum Toomas
- Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo
- Veronesi Giovanni
- Verschuren W. M. Monique
- Verstraeten Roosmarijn
- Victora Cesar G.
- Viet Lucie
- Villalpando Salvador
- Vineis Paolo
- Vioque Jesus
- Virtanen Jyrki K.
- Visvikis-Siest Sophie
- Viswanathan Bharathi
- Vlasoff Tiina
- Vollenweider Peter
- Voutilainen Ari
- Vrkic Tajana Zeljkovic
- Wade Alisha N.
- Walton Janette
- Wambiya Elvis O. A.
- Wanderley Junior Rildo de Souza
- Wang Ming-Dong
- Wang Ningli
- Wang Qian
- Wang Xiangjun
- Wang Ya Xing
- Wang Ying-Wei
- Wannamethee S. Goya
- Wareham Nicholas
- Wei Wenbin
- Weres Aneta
- Werner Bo
- Whincup Peter H.
- Widhalm Kurt
- Widyahening Indah S.
- Widyahening Indah S.
- Wiecek Andrzej
- Wilks Rainford J.
- Willeit Johann
- Willeit Peter
- Williams Emmanuel A.
- Wilsgaard Tom
- Wojtyniak Bogdan
- Wong Andrew
- Wong Norazizah Ibrahim
- Wong Tien Yin
- Wong-McClure Roy A.
- Woo Jean
- Woodward Mark
- Woodward Mark
- Wu Frederick C.
- Wu Shouling
- Wyszynska Justyna
- Xu Haiquan
- Xu Liang
- Yaacob Nor Azwany
- Yan Weili
- Yang Ling
- Yang Xiaoguang
- Yang Yang
- Yasuharu Tabara
- Ye Xingwang
- Yiallouros Panayiotis K.
- Yoosefi Moein
- Yoshihara Akihiro
- You San-Lin
- Younger-Coleman Novie O.
- Yusoff Ahmad Faudzi
- Yusoff Muhammad Fadhli Mohd
- Zainuddin Ahmad A.
- Zakavi Seyed Rasoul
- Zamani Farhad
- Zambon Sabina
- Zampelas Antonis
- Zaw Ko Ko
- Zdrojewski Tomasz
- Zdrojewski Tomasz
- Zejglicova Kristyna
- Zeng Yi
- Zhang Luxia
- Zhang Zhen-Yu
- Zhao Dong
- Zhao Ming-Hui
- Zhen Shiqi
- Zheng Yingfeng
- Zholdin Bekbolat
- Zhou Bin
- Zhu Dan
- Zins Marie
- Zitt Emanuel
- Zocalo Yanina
- Zoghlami Nada
- Zuniga Cisneros Julio
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- Field of study