A Structurally Characterized Cobalt(I) σ-Alkane Complex

The synthesis, and x-ray structure, of a cobalt s -alkane complex, [Co(Cy 2 P(CH 2 ) 4 PCy 2 )( norbornane )][BAr F 4 ], is achieved by a single-crystal to single-crystal solid/gas hydrogenation from a norbornadiene precursor. Magnetic data show this complex to be a triplet. Periodic DFT and electronic structure analyses identify weak C-H ··· Co σ -interactions, augmented by dispersive stabilisation between the alkane ligand and the anion-microenvironment. The calculations are most consistent with a η 1 : η 1 -alkane binding mode

Response of canine transmissible venereal tumor to various vincristine presentations

The aim of this study was to compare the response of naturally infected dogs with transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) to treatment with two sources of vincristine: patented and generic. Twelve naturally infected dogs diagnosed with TVT by cytology and PCRwere randomly assigned to a weekly treatment with vincristine at a dose of 0.025 mg/kg until two consecutive cytological evaluations resulted negative. Cytology tests and haemograms were performed prior to vincristine applications to evaluate adverse reaction to treatment. In both groups, a maximum of five applications were applied to obtain a successful treatment. The minimum number of applications in the Patent group was four while in the Generic group was three, although without significant difference between groups in number of applications or time for healing. Dogs in both groups showed some kind of adverse reactions to the treatment but without statistical difference between groups. There was no need to discontinue the treatment in any case. It is concluded that the patent and generic presentations of vincristine are equally effective for treating TVT in dogs.El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar la respuesta de perros infectados naturalmente con el Tumor Venéreo Transmisible (TVTc) al tratamiento con vincristina comercial de patente y genérica. Se trabajó con 12 perros infectados naturalmente y con diagnóstico por citología y PCR. Los perros fueron asignados aleatoriamente a un tratamiento semanal con 0.025 mg/kg de vincristina de patente comercial o de tipo genérico, hasta que dos citologías consecutivas resultaran negativas. Se hicieron pruebas de citología y hemograma antes de cada aplicación para determinar reacciones adversas al tratamiento. En ambos grupos se aplicó un máximo de cinco dosis para dar por concluido el tratamiento. El mínimo de aplicaciones en el grupo Patente fue de cuatro, mientras que en el grupo Genérico fue de tres aplicaciones, aunque sin diferencia significativa en el número de dosis aplicadas ni en el tiempo de remisión. Los perros de ambos grupos presentaron algún tipo de reacción adversa ligera sin mostrar diferencia estadística entre grupos. En ningún caso hubo que descontinuar el tratamiento por este tipo de reacciones. Se concluye que las presentaciones de patente y genérica son igualmente eficacespara el tratamiento de TVTc

Autophagy-inducing peptides from mammalian VSV and fish VHSV rhabdoviral G glycoproteins (G) as models for the development of new therapeutic molecules

It has not been elucidated whether or not autophagy is induced by rhabdoviral G glycoproteins (G) in vertebrate organisms for which rhabdovirus infection is lethal. Our work provides the first evidence that both mammalian (vesicular stomatitis virus, VSV) and fish (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, VHSV, and spring viremia carp virus, SVCV) rhabdoviral Gs induce an autophagic antiviral program in vertebrate cell lines. The transcriptomic profiles obtained from zebrafish genetically immunized with either Gsvcv or Gvhsv suggest that autophagy is induced shortly after immunization and therefore, it may be an important component of the strong antiviral immune responses elicited by these viral proteins. Pepscan mapping of autophagy-inducing linear determinants of Gvhsv and Gvsv showed that peptides located in their fusion domains induce autophagy. Altogether these results suggest that strategies aimed at modulating autophagy could be used for the prevention and treatment of rhabdoviral infections such as rabies, which causes thousands of human deaths every year

Evaluación de la producción de forraje de híbridos de maíz para silaje en el Valle Inferior del Río Negro (campaña 2008-2009))

EEA Valle InferiorFil: Miñon, Daniel Pedro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; ArgentinaFil: Gallego Juan José. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; ArgentinaFil: Barbarossa, Paúl Antonio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; ArgentinaFil: Margiotta, Francisco Andrés. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Roberto Simón. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; ArgentinaFil: Reinoso, Lucio Gabriel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; Argentin

Effect of sugammadex on processed EEG parameters in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy

Background: Sugammadex has been associated with increases in the bispectral index (BIS). We evaluated the effects of sugammadex administration on quantitative electroencephalographic (EEG) and electromyographic (EMG) measures. Methods: We performed a prospective observational study of adult male patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. All patients received a sevoflurane-based general anaesthetic and a continuous infusion of rocuronium, which was reversed with 2 mg kg1 of sugammadex i.v. BIS, EEG, and EMG measures were captured with the BIS Vista™ monitor. Results: Twenty-five patients were included in this study. Compared with baseline, BIS increased at 4e6 min (b coefficient: 3.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.22e5.04; P<0.001), spectral edge frequency 95 (SEF95) increased at 2e4 min (b coefficient: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.05e0.52; P¼0.016) and 4e6 min (b coefficient: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.47e0.94; P<0.001), and EMG increased at 4e6 min (b coefficient: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.00e2.81; P<0.001) after sugammadex administration. Compared with baseline, increased beta power was observed at 2e4 min (b coefficient: 93; 95% CI: 1e185; P¼0.046) and 4e6 min (b coefficient: 208; 95% CI: 116e300; P<0.001), and decreased delta power was observed at 4e6 min (b coefficient: 526.72; 95% CI: 778 to 276; P<0.001) after sugammadex administration. Neither SEF95 nor frequency band data analysis adjusted for EMG showed substantial differences. None of the patients showed clinical signs of awakening. Conclusions: After neuromuscular block reversal with 2 mg kg1 sugammadex, BIS, SEF95, EMG, and beta power showed small but statistically significant increases over time, while delta power decreased

The biological potential hidden in inclusion bodies

Inclusion bodies (IBs) are protein nanoclusters obtained during recombinant protein production processes, and several studies have demonstrated their potential as biomaterials for therapeutic protein delivery. Nevertheless, IBs have been, so far, exclusively sifted by their biological activity in vitro to be considered in further protein-based treatments in vivo. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) protein, which has an important role facilitating the migration of immune cells, was used as model protein. The MMP-9 IBs were compared with their soluble counterpart and with MMP-9 encapsulated in polymeric-based micelles (PM) through ionic and covalent binding. The soluble MMP-9 and the MMP-9-ionic PM showed the highest activity values in vitro. IBs showed the lowest activity values in vitro, but the specific activity evolution in 50% bovine serum at room temperature proved that they were the most stable format. The data obtained with the use of an air-pouch mouse model showed that MMP-9 IBs presented the highest in vivo activity compared to the soluble MMP-9, which was associated only to a low and a transitory peak of activity. These results demonstrated that the in vivo performance is the addition of many parameters that did not always correlate with the in vitro behavior of the protein of interest, becoming especially relevant at evaluating the potential of IBs as a protein-based nanomaterial for therapeutic purposes

Effects of dexmedetomidine on subthalamic local field potentials in parkinson's disease

Background: Dexmedetomidine is frequently used for sedation during deep brain stimulator implantation in patients with Parkinson's disease, but its effect on subthalamic nucleus activity is not well known. The aim of this study was to quantify the effect of increasing doses of dexmedetomidine in this population. Methods: Controlled clinical trial assessing changes in subthalamic activity with increasing doses of dexmedetomidine (from 0.2 to 0.6 μg kg-1 h-1) in a non-operating theatre setting. We recorded local field potentials in 12 patients with Parkinson's disease with bilateral deep brain stimulators (24 nuclei) and compared basal activity in the nuclei of each patient and activity recorded with different doses. Plasma levels of dexmedetomidine were obtained and correlated with the dose administered. Results: With dexmedetomidine infusion, patients became clinically sedated, and at higher doses (0.5-0.6 μg kg-1 h-1) a significant decrease in the characteristic Parkinsonian subthalamic activity was observed (P<0.05 in beta activity). All subjects awoke to external stimulus over a median of 1 (range: 0-9) min, showing full restoration of subthalamic activity. Dexmedetomidine dose administered and plasma levels showed a positive correlation (repeated measures correlation coefficient=0.504; P<0.001). Conclusions: Patients needing some degree of sedation throughout subthalamic deep brain stimulator implantation for Parkinson's disease can probably receive dexmedetomidine up to 0.6 μg kg-1 h-1 without significant alteration of their characteristic subthalamic activity. If patients achieve a 'sedated' state, subthalamic activity decreases, but they can be easily awakened with a non-pharmacological external stimulus and recover baseline subthalamic activity patterns in less than 10 min

Critically short telomeres and toxicity of chemotherapy in early breast cancer

Cumulative toxicity from weekly paclitaxel (myalgia, peripheral neuropathy, fatigue) compromises long-term administration. Preclinical data suggest that the burden of critically short telomeres ( 21.9% CSTs) had 2-fold higher number of neuropathy (P = 0.04) or fatigue (P = 0.019) episodes and >3-fold higher number of myalgia episodes (P = 0.005). The average telomere length was unrelated to the incidence of side effects.The percentage of CSTs, but not the average telomere size, is associated with weekly paclitaxel-derived toxicity.This work was supported by the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria [FIS PI10/00288 and FIS PI13/00430]; AECC Scientific Foundation [Beca de Retorno-2010, to MQF]; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness Projects [SAF2013-45111-R]; Madrid Regional Government Projects [S2010/BMD- 2303]; AXA Research Found; Fundación Botin; AVON Spain; and Boehringer-Ingelheim Spain.S