Trawling and creeling for nephrops: impacts on biodiversity and populations structure

Dissertação de mestrado, Aquacultura e Pescas, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2015The Norway Lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) is a deep- water burrowing decapod crustacean with a widespread distribution ranging from Iceland, the Faroe Island and northwestern Norway to the south Atlantic coast of Morocco with a patchy distribution on the Mediterranean Sea. In the Portuguese shelf and slope areas, adults are found on depths ranging from 90 to 800 m depth. The distribution of this species seems to be limited to high percentage of mud bottoms. Along the years this species acquired some importance in the fisheries sector due to its market value. It is nowadays one of the main species in crustaceans’ bottom trawling in Europe. The fishing activity for the exploitation of this species has shown some environmental impacts. In particular, trawl fisheries are known to directly impact the bottoms, and are associated with considerable amounts of bycatch and discards. Recently, the European community has turned the attention to creel fishery for Nephrops, encouraging the change from trawl to creel in this fishery in order to reduce the bycatch. During this study it was possible to observe that there is a clear difference between both gears in what respects the commercial value of Nephrops caught as well as in terms of species affected by the gears.O lagostim (Nephrops norvegicus) é um crustáceo bentónico de águas profundas, com uma distribuição ampla que se estende desde a Islândia, as Ilhas Faroé e o noroeste da Noruega até a costa atlântica sul de Marrocos e ainda uma distribuição em bolsas dispersas no Mar Mediterrâneo. Os indivíduos adultos de Nephrops norvegicus podem ser encontrados nas zonas de plataforma continental e no talude entre os 90m e os 800m de profundidade em águas portuguesas. A distribuição nesta espécie pode ir desde fundos de vasa compacta ate fundos de vasa arenosa. Ao longo dos anos esta espécie adquiriu alguma importância no sector das pescas devido ao seu crescente valor no mercado e é hoje em dia uma das principais espécies no arrasto de fundo de crustáceos na Europa. A atividade pesqueira resultante da exploração desta espécie tem demonstrado impactos ambientais negativos, com especial foco nos efeitos das redes de arrasto. Recentemente a pesca de Lagostim tem sido alvo de atenção por parte da Comunidade Europeia, com incentivos para a mudança de arte de captura da rede de arrasto para armadilhas, numa tentativa de redução das capturas acessórias. Durante este estudo foi possível verificar que existem diferenças bastante demarcadas entre os dois tipos de artes utilizadas. Estas diferenças verificam-se nomeadamente a nível do valor comercial do lagostim e nas espécies afetadas por cada uma das artes

Segurança da informação e cibersegurança : a indispensabilidade da governação

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A qualidade como vetor da revisão curricular: o caso do curso de licenciatura em Enfermagem da ESS-IPS

Trabalho apresentado em 6º Congresso Nacional de Práticas Pedagógicas no Ensino Superior (CNaPPES'19), 11-12 julho 2019, Santarém, Portugalinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P < 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)