BIOMARCADORES NA AVALIACAO DA SAUDE AMBIENTAL DOS ECOSSISTEMAS AQUATICOS

Aquatic environments are increasingly threatened by contamination of industrial, agricultural and urban sources. Quantifying the pollutant agents in the environment does not provide information of their effects over organisms. Others biological tools should thus be used in monitoring water quality to allow for a better understanding of the stress and the effects pollutants cause in environments, enabling tracing cause-effect relationships. The biological responses, termed biomarkers, are used to assess the effects of exposure to arious contaminants, such as metals, organic compounds, and pesticides. Biomarkers are efficiently applied in studies of risk assessment and environmental impact providing an early evaluation of the actual effects of pollutants on the biota. The use of biomarkers in environmental studies is important to implement adequate actions while protecting aquatic environments.Os ecossistemas aquáticos vêm sofrendo crescente processo de contaminação oriundo de atividades industriais, agrícolas e urbanas. A mensuração apenas destes contaminantes no ambiente não traz respostas sobre os efeitos adversos que estas substanciam vem causando nos organismos vivos presentes nestes ambientes. Desta forma, no biomonitoramento dos corpos d'águas devem ser incluídas ferramentas biológicas que tragam respostas sobre o estresse e os efeitos que estes poluentes vem causando, possibilitando o estabelecimento de relações de causa-efeito. Estas respostas biológicas, chamadas de biomarcadores, vêm sendo utilizadas para avaliar a exposição e o efeito causados por diferentes contaminantes, tais como, metais, compostos orgânicos e agrotóxicos. Os biomarcadores constituem uma abordagem eficiente nos estudos de avaliação do risco e impacto ambiental, pois detectam de forma precoce os efeitos reais que estão ocorrendo aos seres vivos em situações de exposição a ambientes poluídos. O uso de biomarcadores e fundamental para que possam ser tomadas medidas mitigadoras e de proteção a estes ambientes

Atividades educativas no período pré-natal como estratégia de empoderamento da parturiente

The aim was to analyze and discuss how educational activities during the prenatal period can contribute to the construction of women's autonomy and empowerment during labor and delivery. This is an integrative literature review, which enables the study, summary, and analysis of scientific knowledge already carried out on the topic covered. The databases Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Sciences, Nursing Database, CUMED, and Scientific Electronic Library Online were consulted. There are several ways to carry out educational activities as a strategy for building the empowerment of pregnant women during prenatal care. Most articles mention the conversation circle; a group of pregnant women and individualized care; in addition to the need for continuing education actions for this multidisciplinary team. Educational activities allow women in the pregnancy-puerperal period to have the capacity and confidence to make critical decisions; in the process of building autonomy and empowerment; seeing themselves as the protagonist of their labor; labor and birth.Objetivou-se analisar e discutir como as atividades educativas durante o período de pré-natal podem contribuir para a construção da autonomia e empoderamento da mulher no período de trabalho de parto e parto. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, que viabiliza o estudo, resumo e a análise do conhecimento científico já realizado sobre o tema abordado. Foram consultadas as bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências, Banco de Dados em Enfermagem, CUMED e Scientific Electronic Library Online. São diversas as maneiras de realizar atividades educativas como estratégia para a construção do empoderamento da gestante no pré-natal. A maioria dos artigos citam a roda de conversa; grupo de gestantes e um atendimento individualizado; além da necessidade de ações de educação continuada dessa equipe multiprofissional. As atividades educativas permitem que a mulher no período-gravídico-puerperal possa ter a capacidade e segurança na tomada de decisões de forma crítica; no processo de construção da autonomia e empoderamento; se vendo como protagonista do seu trabalho de parto; parto e nascimento

Transtorno bipolar em crianças: análise de relato de caso 2018-2023

O transtorno bipolar em crianças é uma realidade clínica que demanda atenção especializada. A compreensão dos sintomas, fatores de risco, prevalência e desafios diagnósticos é fundamental para proporcionar intervenções precoces e adequadas, visando melhorar a qualidade de vida desses jovens e reduzir o impacto a longo prazo dessa condição psiquiátrica. Trata-se de um estudo cujo objetivo foi objetivo revisar relatos de caso publicados entre 2018 e 2023 sobre transtorno bipolar em crianças, identificando o estado da arte desses estudos. Para isso, se realizou uma revisão sistemática de literatura utilizando as bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO). Com a análise e interpretação qualitativa dos resultados, a principal conclusão deste estudo é que o transtorno bipolar na infância é uma condição complexa, manifestando-se com comportamentos consistentes com o Transtorno de Conduta e sendo influenciado por fatores ambientais, familiares e genéticos. O tratamento eficaz requer uma abordagem multidisciplinar, integrando intervenções farmacológicas e não farmacológicas, personalizadas conforme as necessidades individuais. A supervisão familiar é crucial para a adesão ao tratamento, mas reconhece-se a necessidade contínua de pesquisa para aprimorar as estratégias terapêuticas diante da diversidade de casos

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

CMS physics technical design report : Addendum on high density QCD with heavy ions

Peer reviewe

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data