Assessment of Spray Deposit and Loss in Traditional and Intensive Olive Orchards with Conventional and Crop-Adapted Sprayers

Plant protection product (PPP) applications to isolated olive trees are commonly performed with regular air-assisted sprayers, which are not adapted to their particular characteristics. Whilst strong efforts have been undertaken over the last years to improve technical aspects like canopy detection and automated proportional dosing, nearly no efforts have been made regarding the sprayer adaption to the crop. For this reason, three prototype sprayers were developed for traditional and intensive olive cultivations systems (P1: centrifugal fan; P2: six small side axial fans; P3: two axial fans in tower structure) with the purpose to improve the application efficiency. The main goal of the present study was to check spray quality and efficiency in comparison with the conventional sprayer in both cultivation systems. The sprayers were tested in two different olive groves and properly calibrated according to the tree dimensions. The spray deposition, coverage, drift, and losses to the ground were measured in five trees per cultivation system by placing the appropriate collectors. The sprayers performed very differently in both cultivation systems. In the intensive system, the spray deposition did not present significant differences (p = 0.105). However, it did in the traditional system (p = 0.003), with P3 obtaining the best results. The spray coverage followed the same trend, with significant differences only in the traditional orchard (p = 0.011), with the prototypes leading. The conventional equipment generated the highest spray losses in both cultivation systems. Crop adapted spraying can significantly improve the spray quality and efficiency in difficult crops like olive. This topic may have a key importance to match the environmentally sustainable use of PPP

EL VIDEO COMO RECURSO EDUCATIVO EN BLENDED LEARNING, EXPERIENCIA EN UN CURSO DE ZOTERO

La formación académica a través de la modalidad de estudio Blended Learning gana espacio cada vez más en los momentos actuales. Ante la disyuntiva de cómo lograr que los estudiantes comprendan los contenidos sin la presencia física del docente, constantemente surgen iniciativas, los videos tutoriales constituyen una de ellas. Gracias a las posibilidades que brindan de incorporar elementos como animación, imágenes y audio, pueden llegar a convertirse en recursos educativos muy sugerentes. El objetivo de la presente investigación es mostrar la experiencia de su empleo en un curso de Zotero. Las propuestas didácticas se realizaron con el programa Macromedia Captivate y se incorporaron al aula virtual de este curso de postgrado desarrollado en la Universidad de Granma, en Cuba. Se diseñaron con el propósito de que los participantes aprendieran a operar este gestor bibliográfico. Para conocer la opinión sobre el estudio de la materia con el apoyo en estos medios educativos, se realizó una encuesta anónima a todos los cursistas. Como resultado se pudo constar que, en términos de usabilidad, todos manifestaron haberlos empleados para comprender los temas; además, que el 92,86% entendieron los contenidos con facilidad sin necesidad de recurrir a otro recurso complementario. Al aplicarse la evaluación del curso, todos los participantes demostraron dominio del programa informático, lo que avala de positivo la incorporación de los videos tutoriales en el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje de la materia

Recuérdame: Aplicación de apoyo para el tratamiento de personas con problema de memoria mediante terapias basadas en reminiscencia

Este proyecto presenta la creación de una aplicación que facilite a los terapeutas la realización de terapias basadas en reminiscencia para tratar a pacientes con alzheimer, haciéndolas más ágiles y rápidas. Para la realización de la aplicación hemos usado un diseño centrado en el usuario contando durante todo el desarrollo con usuarios finales que nos han ido proporcionando sus expectativas y requisitos. Para obtener los requisitos de la aplicación nos reunimos con dos terapeutas y nos encargamos de hacerles preguntas que nos permitieran saber qué es lo que necesitaban en la aplicación. Después realizamos un análisis de estos datos para conseguir los requisitos. Tras conseguir todos los requisitos, cada uno de los autores de este proyecto, realizó un prototipo de diseño de la aplicación, para realizar una iteración de diseño competitivo. El resultado de esta iteración fue evaluado por un usuario final de la aplicación. La aplicación creada es una aplicación web responsive, con una estructura Modelo Vista Controlador creada mediante lenguajes como HTML, CSS, PHP, JavaScript. Finalmente nos reunimos con los usuarios finales para realizar la evaluación final de aplicación. Los resultados de esta evaluación fueron bastantes positivos ya que, aunque a la aplicación le queda algunos detalles que reto car, los expertos se mostraron bastante contentos con el resultado final. El resultado del cuestionario SUS rellenado por los terapeutas le dio a nuestra aplicación una puntuación de 85, lo que indica que la aplicación tiene una usabilidad aceptable

MÓDULO DE CONTROL DE CARGA PARA EVALUAR CELDAS DE COMBUSTIBLE -HARDWARE-

ResumenEn este trabajo se presenta el acondicionamiento eléctrico-electrónico de un prototipo de control de cargas eléctricas para evaluar celdas de combustible utilizando componentes mínimos como una tarjeta Raspberry Pi para el control secuencial, interfaz hombre máquina HMI y adquisición de datos, así como la utilización de un opto acoplador lineal como sensor de voltaje y relevadores mecánicos para la etapa de potencia. El objetivo en términos generales de este prototipo es por un lado optimizar los costos de desarrollo y por otro proporcionar una HMI amigable y adecuado de protocolo abierto para obtener curvas de polarización en celdas de combustible con capacidad de 1.5 kW. Palabras Claves: Cargas eléctricas, celdas de combustible, interfaz hombre máquina, instrumentación.LOAD CONTROL MODULE FOR EVALUATING FUEL CELLS -HARDWARE-AbstractThis paper presents the electrical-electronic conditioning of a prototype electric charge control to evaluate fuel cells using minimal components such as a Raspberry Pi card for sequential control, human machine interface HMI and data adquisition, As well as a linear optocoupler voltage sensor and mechanical relays for the power stage. The main objective is to optimize development costs as well as to have a friendly and adequate open protocol HMIKeywords: Electrical loads, fuel cells, Human Machine Interface, instrumentation

Propuesta estratégica de mejora en la implementación de los estándares mínimos del Sistema de Gestión de la Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo (SG-SST) en la entidad Financiera de Microfinanzas para el segundo semestre de 2019 y principio del 2020 en la ciudad de Bogotá

La presente investigación hace referencia a la realización de una propuesta Integral de mejora sobre el área de Salud Ocupacional de una entidad financiera de Microfinanzas, donde se busca dar a conocer el estado actual del proceso que tiene el Sistema de gestión de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo (SG-SST)This research refers to the realization of a Comprehensive proposal for improvement in the Occupational Health area of a Microfinance financial institution, where it is sought to publicize the current state of the process of the Health and Safety Management System in work (SG-SST

Abnormalities in gray matter volume in patients with borderline personality disorder and their relation to lifetime depression: A VBM study

Background Structural imaging studies of borderline personality disorder (BPD) have found regions of reduced cortical volume, but these have varied considerably across studies. Reduced hippocampus and amygdala volume have also been a regular finding in studies using conventional volumetric measurement. How far comorbid major depression, which is common in BPD and can also affect in brain structure, influences the findings is not clear. Methods Seventy-six women with BPD and 76 matched controls were examined using whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM). The hippocampus and amygdala were also measured, using both conventional volume measurement and VBM within a mask restricted to these two subcortical structures. Lifetime history of major depression was assessed using structured psychiatric interview. Results At a threshold of p = 0.05 corrected, the BPD patients showed clusters of volume reduction in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex bilaterally and in the pregenual/subgenual medial frontal cortex. There was no evidence of volume reductions in the hippocampus or amygdala, either on conventional volumetry or using VBM masked to these regions. Instead there was evidence of right-sided enlargement of these structures. No significant structural differences were found between patients with and without lifetime major depression. Conclusions According to this study, BPD is characterized by a restricted pattern of cortical volume reduction involving the dorsolateral frontal cortex and the medial frontal cortex, both areas of potential relevance for the clinical features of the disorder. Previous findings concerning reduced hippocampus and amygdala volume in the disorder are not supported. Brain structural findings in BPD do not appear to be explainable on the basis of history of associated lifetime major depression

Protection against reinfection with D614- or G614-SARS-CoV-2 isolates in golden Syrian hamster

Reinfections with SARS-CoV-2 have already been documented in humans, although its real incidence is currently unknown. Besides having a great impact on public health, this phenomenon raises the question of immunity generated by a single infection is sufficient to provide sterilizing/protective immunity to a subsequent SARS-CoV-2 re-exposure. The Golden Syrian hamster is a manageable animal model to explore immunological mechanisms able to counteract COVID-19, as it recapitulates pathological aspects of mild to moderately affected patients. Here, we report that SARS-CoV-2-inoculated hamsters resolve infection in the upper and lower respiratory tracts within seven days upon inoculation with the Cat01 (G614) SARS-CoV-2 isolate. Three weeks after the primary challenge, and despite high titres of neutralizing antibodies, half of the animals were susceptible to reinfection by both identical (Cat01, G614) and variant (WA/1, D614) SARS-CoV-2 isolates. However, upon re-inoculation, only nasal tissues were transiently infected with much lower viral replication than those observed after the first inoculation. These data indicate that a primary SARS-CoV-2 infection is not sufficient to elicit a sterilizing immunity in hamster models but protects against lung disease.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Torus and AGN properties of nearby Seyfert galaxies: Results from fitting IR spectral energy distributions and spectroscopy

We used the CLUMPY torus models and a Bayesian approach to fit the infrared spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and ground-based high-angular resolution mid-infrared spectroscopy of 13 nearby Seyfert galaxies. This allowed us to put tight constraints on torus model parameters such as the viewing angle, the radial thickness of the torus Y, the angular size of the cloud distribution sigma_torus, and the average number of clouds along radial equatorial rays N_0. The viewing angle is not the only parameter controlling the classification of a galaxy into a type 1 or a type 2. In principle type 2s could be viewed at any viewing angle as long as there is one cloud along the line of sight. A more relevant quantity for clumpy media is the probability for an AGN photon to escape unabsorbed. In our sample, type 1s have relatively high escape probabilities, while in type 2s, as expected, tend to be low. Our fits also confirmed that the tori of Seyfert galaxies are compact with torus model radii in the range 1-6pc. The scaling of the models to the data also provided the AGN bolometric luminosities, which were found to be in good agreement with estimates from the literature. When we combined our sample of Seyfert galaxies with a sample of PG quasars from the literature to span a range of L_bol(AGN)~10^{43}-10^{47}erg/s, we found plausible evidence of the receding torus. That is, there is a tendency for the torus geometrical covering factor to be lower at high AGN luminosities than at low AGN luminosities. This is because at low AGN luminosities the tori appear to have wider angular sizes and more clouds along radial equatorial rays. We cannot, however rule out the possibility that this is due to contamination by extended dust structures not associated with the dusty torus at low AGN luminosities, since most of these in our sample are hosted in highly inclined galaxies. (Abridged)Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap

CONTROL NUMÉRICO COMPUTARIZADO UTILIZANDO INTERPOLACIÓN LINEAL PARA AUTONIVELAR LA SUPERFICIE DE TRABAJO EN UNA CNC (COMPUTERIZED NUMERICAL CONTROL USING LINEAR INTERPOLATION TO SELF-LEVEL THE WORKING SURFACE IN A CNC)

En este trabajo se presenta la implementación de una máquina CNC (Control Numérico Computarizado, por sus siglas en español) de bajo costo que utiliza un algoritmo de autonivelación para mejorar el desempeño del maquinado. Mediante el algoritmo se puede corregir por software el desnivel de la cama de fresado independientemente de las imperfecciones del material que se va a maquinar. Básicamente lo que hace el software es deformar el dibujo que se imprimirá de tal manera que este compense la deformación del material. Se utiliza una tarjeta de desarrollo “Arduino UNO” para capturar los datos de una sonda de contacto, posteriormente la información obtenida será procesada por una computadora, que a su vez enviará los datos procesados al Arduino para que este accione los motores. Se utilizó NetBeans para el desarrollo de la plataforma del usuario y el firmware GRBL (para Arduino) como lenguaje de programación, ambos de código libre, además el software Matlab es utilizado para realizar las simulaciones del código. Los resultados muestran que el uso del algoritmo de autonivelación efectivamente mejora el proceso de maquinado.This paper presents the implementation of a CNC machine (Computerized Numerical Control, for its acronym in Spanish) of low cost that uses a self-leveling algorithm to improve the machining performance. By means of the algorithm, the unevenness of the milling bed can be corrected, by software, independently of the imperfections of the material to be machined. Basically, what the software does is to deform the drawing that will be printed in such a way that it compensates for the deformation of the material. An "Arduino UNO" board is used to capture the data from a contact probe, then the information obtained will be processed by a computer, which in turn will send the processed data to the Arduino, so that it drives the motors. NetBeans was used for the development of the user platform and the GRBL firmware (for Arduino) as programming language, both of them are free code, in addition the Matlab software is used to perform the code simulations. The results show that the use of the self-leveling algorithm improves the machining process

Vocabulario de química [galego-español-inglés]

Dirección Xeral de Política Lingüística. Consellería de Educación e Ordenación Universitaria. Xunta de Galici