Variabilidade Espacial dos Atributos Físicos do Solo em Área Cultivada com Palma Forrageira Resistente a Cochonilha do Carmim no Semiárido Nordestino

O conhecimento dos atributos físicos do solo é fundamental para realização de um manejo apropriado para o cultivo. Esse estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar a variabilidade espacial dos atributos físicos do solo em área cultivada com palma forrageira na região de transição do agreste com o sertão pernambucano. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Roçadinho, propriedade produtora de leite, que tem como cultivo principal a palma forrageira. Na área de cultivo, foi estabelecida uma malha composta por 36 pontos, com grid de 6 x 6 m. O levantamento das propriedades físicas do solo, contou com o registro da resistência a penetração (Rp), umidade (U), densidade do solo (Ds), densidade de partículas (Dp) e porosidade total (Pt). Os dados foram submetidos a análise estatística descritiva e a variabilidade espacial por meio da semivariância у (h). Os valores da média e mediana apresentaram distribuição simétrica para todas as variáveis. A média da Rp para a camada de 0.0-0.10 m foi classificada como intermediária e para a camada de 0.10-0.20 m como alta. A Ds e a Pt apresentaram-se inversamente proporcionais, ou seja, ocorreu um acréscimo da Ds nos pontos onde ocorreu menor percentagem de Pt. Nos pontos que apresentaram menor valor de resistência a penetração e densidade do solo, verificou-se maior valor de umidade e porosidade total do solo. Os modelos de semivariogramas ajustados aos atributos físicos do solo foram o esférico e o gaussiano. Por meio da geoestatística foi possível avaliar a variabilidade espacial dos atributos físicos do solo, no cultivo da palma forrageira

Antifungal drug susceptibility profile of Pichia anomala isolates from patients presenting with nosocomial fungemia

In vitro susceptibility of 58 isolates of Pichia anomala to five antifungal drugs using two broth microdilution methods (CLSI and EUCAST) was analyzed. Low susceptibility to itraconazole was observed. Fluconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin showed good antifungal activity, although relatively high drug concentrations were necessary to inhibit the isolates.Inst Adolfo Lutz Registro, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Infect Dis, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Campinas, Fac Med Sci, Div Infect Dis, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniv Catolica Argentina, Fac Med, Buenos Aires, DF, ArgentinaUniv São Paulo, Hosp Clin, Lab Clin Micorbiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Hosp Clin, Hosp Infect Control Dept, LIM 54, São Paulo, BrazilHosp Sirio Libanes, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Internal Med, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Hosp Clin, Dept Infect Dis, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Infect Dis, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Tendências Atuais na Eficácia e Mecanismos de Ação: Uma Revisão Sistemática sobre o Uso de Análogos de GLP-1 no Tratamento da Obesidade

This work presents a systematic review on current trends in the effectiveness and mechanisms of action of GLP-1 analogs in the treatment of obesity. The introduction highlights the growing prevalence of obesity as a global public health challenge, positioning GLP-1 analogs as a promising approach. The methodology describes the formulation of the research question, study selection criteria, data extraction, and the analysis of study quality. The results emphasize the efficacy of these analogs in weight reduction, explore the neurobiological mechanisms involved, and demonstrate improvements in obesity-related comorbidities. The conclusion underscores the consistency of the reviewed evidence and the need for further research to optimize personalized therapeutic approaches.Este trabalho apresenta uma revisão sistemática sobre as tendências atuais na eficácia e nos mecanismos de ação dos análogos de GLP-1 no tratamento da obesidade. A introdução destaca a crescente prevalência da obesidade como um desafio global de saúde pública, situando os análogos de GLP-1 como uma abordagem promissora. A metodologia descreve a formulação da pergunta de pesquisa, os critérios de seleção de estudos, a extração de dados e a análise da qualidade dos estudos. Os resultados destacam a eficácia desses análogos na redução de peso, exploram os mecanismos neurobiológicos envolvidos e evidenciam melhorias nas comorbidades associadas à obesidade. A conclusão ressalta a consistência da evidência revisada e a necessidade de pesquisas adicionais para otimizar abordagens terapêuticas personalizadas

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since July 2014. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the fourteenth from SDSS overall (making this, Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes public data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (July 2014-2016). Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS); the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data driven machine learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release, and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V.Comment: SDSS-IV collaboration alphabetical author data release paper. DR14 happened on 31st July 2017. 19 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJS on 28th Nov 2017 (this is the "post-print" and "post-proofs" version; minor corrections only from v1, and most of errors found in proofs corrected

Early and Late Pathogenic Events of Newborn Mice Encephalitis Experimentally Induced by Itacaiunas and Curionópolis Bracorhabdoviruses Infection

In previous reports we proposed a new genus for Rhabdoviridae and described neurotropic preference and gross neuropathology in newborn albino Swiss mice after Curionopolis and Itacaiunas infections. In the present report a time-course study of experimental encephalitis induced by Itacaiunas and Curionopolis virus was conducted both in vivo and in vitro to investigate cellular targets and the sequence of neuroinvasion. We also investigate, after intranasal inoculation, clinical signs, histopathology and apoptosis in correlation with viral immunolabeling at different time points. Curionopolis and Itacaiunas viral antigens were first detected in the parenchyma of olfactory pathways at 2 and 3 days post-inoculation (dpi) and the first clinical signs were observed at 4 and 8 dpi, respectively. After Curionopolis infection, the mortality rate was 100% between 5 and 6 dpi, and 35% between 8 and 15 dpi after Itacaiunas infection. We identified CNS mice cell types both in vivo and in vitro and the temporal sequence of neuroanatomical olfactory areas infected by Itacaiunas and Curionopolis virus. Distinct virulences were reflected in the neuropathological changes including TUNEL immunolabeling and cytopathic effects, more intense and precocious after intracerebral or in vitro inoculations of Curionopolis than after Itacaiunas virus. In vitro studies revealed neuronal but not astrocyte or microglial cytopathic effects at 2 dpi, with monolayer destruction occurring at 5 and 7 dpi with Curionopolis and Itacaiunas virus, respectively. Ultrastructural changes included virus budding associated with interstitial and perivascular edema, endothelial hypertrophy, a reduced and/or collapsed small vessel luminal area, thickening of the capillary basement membrane, and presence of phagocytosed apoptotic bodies. Glial cells with viral budding similar to oligodendrocytes were infected with Itacaiunas virus but not with Curionopolis virus. Thus, Curionopolis and Itacaiunas viruses share many pathological and clinical features present in other rhabdoviruses but distinct virulence and glial targets in newborn albino Swiss mice brain

Gender Differences in COVID-19 Among Liver Transplant Recipients: Results from a Multicenter Brazilian Cohort

Introduction: Existing literature presents varying perspectives on the impact of COVID-19 on liver transplant recipients.However, no research has specifically investigated the role of gender differences in the manifestation of COVID-19 among liver transplant recipients. This study aims to examine the effects of COVID-19 on liver transplant recipients, with a focus on gender differences in disease presentation and progression. Methods: Conducted as a multicenter historical cohort study, this research collected patient records through an online questionnaire. Assessing COVID-related mortality was the main objective. Additionally, demographic, clinical, and laboratory data pertaining to disease presentation and progression werecollected. Results: The study included a total of 283 patients, of whom 76 were female and 206 were male. The median follow-up period for males was 99 days (IQR 38-283), while for females, it was 126 days (IQR 44-291). A higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease was observed in males (p=0.002). Females frequently experienced a loss of smell (p=0.021), whereas males commonly exhibited fever (p=0.031). Levels of ALT and gamma-glutamyl transferase were significantly elevated in males (p=0.008 and 0.004, respectively). Although there was a trend towards increased mortality in males, it did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: This study is the first attempt to investigate gender differences in COVID-19 among liver transplant recipients. Our findings highlight the need for a comprehensive and personalised approach to treating this patient population and underscore the importance of further elucidating the disease presentation in these individuals