Imagined and extended contact experiences and adolescent bystanders' behavioral intentions in homophobic bullying episodes.

Bystanders' helping interventions in bias-based bullying are rare, although they have the potential to intervene on behalf of the victim and quickly stop the aggression. Two studies tested, experimentally, the impact of adolescents' imagined (Study 1, N = 113, M  = 16.17) and extended contact experiences (Study 2, N = 174, M  = 15.79) on assertive bystanders' behavioral intentions in the context of homophobic bullying, an under-researched but highly detrimental behavior that emerges mainly during early adolescence. Potential mediators (empathic concern, social contagion concerns, and masculinity/femininity threat) were also examined. Results showed that female younger participants revealed more behavioral intentions to help victims of homophobic bullying when asked to imagine an interaction with an outgroup member (Study 1). Younger participants revealed less masculinity/femininity threat in the positive extended contact condition, and female participants revealed less empathic concern in the negative extended contact condition (Study 2). Overall, these findings identify specific conditions (e.g., younger females) where indirect contact interventions (i.e., extended and imagined) are likely to have a stronger impact. Age and sex differences were found to illustrate how adolescents vary in their behavioral intentions, empathic concern, and threat; and also highlight the need to further examine age and sex differences regarding responses to homophobic bullying episodes. [Abstract copyright: © 2022 The Authors. Aggressive Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Tumor gigante de retroperitônio: relato de caso / Giant retroperitoneal tumor: case report

Introdução: Vários desafios terapêuticos são enfrentados durante o manejo de tumores de retroperitônio, devido à sua raridade, apresentação tardia relativa e localização anatômica; o trabalho é dedicado ao relato de um caso de lipossarcoma e também visa auxiliar no manejo de tumores desta ordem. Relato de caso: Paciente com 54 anos, feminino, com queixas dispépticas e sensação de aumento volumétrico de abdome há 1 ano, com grande tumoração palpável em abdome, teve diagnostico de lipossarcoma de retroperitônio durante investigação. Discussão: tumores primários de retroperitônio são em sua maioria malignos, e ainda são uma entidade pouco abordada devido à baixa incidência e aos sintomas que, geralmente são de aparecimento lento. Conclusões: Pela probabilidade de malignidade e pela chance desses casos evoluírem com complicações, deve-se conhecer tal patologia e seu arsenal diagnostico-terapêutico para que se possa evitar desfechos desfavoráveis

Prevenção e promoção na saúde mental das crianças, adolescentes e jovens : tertúlia de reflexão

Revista de Psicologia da Criança e do Adolescente. - ISSN 1647-4120. - V. 9, n. 2 (2018). - p. 13-25.Como vai sendo habitual nestas Tertúlias de debate e abertura dos trabalhos do Congresso Internacional Psicologia da Criança e do Adolescente, temos connosco vários convidados(as) a quem perguntamos: “Como é vista e operacionalizada a “ prevenção” nos enquadramentos profissionais onde circulam?” e a respostas foram…As usual in this Forum held in the opening section of the Annual Congress of CIPCA (International Congress of Children and Adolescents Psychology) we have with us several guests from diverse professional areas related to health and well-being, whom we’ve inquired “ How is viewed and operationalized “ prevention” within the professional frame where you work and live?, and the answers wer

Importance attributed by adolescents to sexual education: correlation with their attitudes, knowledge, and sexual behavior

Introduction: Sexual education plays an important role in the prevention of risk-taking sexual behaviors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the importance attributed to sexual education by adolescents, correlating it with the assessment they make of their attitudes and with their knowledge towards sexuality. Methods: This observational study included adolescents who attended elementary or high school in the central region of Portugal. A characterization of sociodemographic and sexual data was made and the Adolescent Students’ Attitudes Scale towards Sexuality (E3AS) was applied. Results: We included 394 adolescents with a mean age of 14.9 ± 1.4 years. The majority (89.3%) attributed importance to sexual education. Adolescents that gave more importance to sexual education were the ones that ranked higher the information they learned about sexuality (r = 0.236), had less unprotected sex due to lack of information (r = -0.363) or because they were under the effect of alcohol and/or drugs (r = -0.365) and had a superior classification in F2 (r = 0.380), F5 (r = 0.402) and in the total scale (r = 0.531). Discussion and conclusion: Adolescents that attributed greater importance to sexual education were the ones that ranked higher the information they possessed about sexuality. After initiating sexual activity, a greater importance attributed to sexual education seems to have a protective effect on risk-taking sexual behaviors.Introdução: A educação sexual desempenha um papel importante na prevenção de comportamentos sexuais de risco. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a importância atribuída à educação sexual por adolescentes, correlacionando-a com a avaliação que eles fazem de suas atitudes e com seus conhecimentos em relação à sexualidade. Métodos: Este estudo observacional incluiu adolescentes que cursaram o ensino fundamental ou médio na região central de Portugal. Foi feita uma caracterização dos dados sociodemográficos e sexuais e foi aplicada a Escala de Atitudes dos Adolescentes em relação à Sexualidade (E3AS). Resultados: Foram incluídos 394 adolescentes com idade média de 14,9 ± 1,4 anos. A maioria (89,3%) atribuiu importância à educação sexual. Os adolescentes que deram mais importância à educação sexual foram os que obtiveram maior classificação nas informações sobre sexualidade (r = 0,236), tiveram sexo menos desprotegido por falta de informação (r = -0,363) ou porque estavam sob efeito de álcool e/ou drogas (r = -0,365) e tiveram uma classificação superior em F2 (r = 0,380), F5 (r = 0,402) e na escala total (r = 0,531). Discussão e conclusão: Os adolescentes que atribuíam maior importância à educação sexual eram os que melhor classificavam as informações que possuíam sobre a sexualidade. Após iniciar a atividade sexual, uma maior importância atribuída à educação sexual parece ter um efeito protetor sobre os comportamentos sexuais de risco.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Importance attributed by adolescents to sexual education: correlation with their attitudes, knowledge, and sexual behavior

Introduction: Sexual education plays an important role in the prevention of risk-taking sexual behaviors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the importance attributed to sexual education by adolescents, correlating it with the assessment they make of their attitudes and with their knowledge towards sexuality. Methods: This observational study included adolescents who attended elementary or high school in the central region of Portugal. A characterization of sociodemographic and sexual data was made and the Adolescent Students’ Attitudes Scale towards Sexuality (E3AS) was applied. Results: We included 394 adolescents with a mean age of 14.9 ± 1.4 years. The majority (89.3%) attributed importance to sexual education. Adolescents that gave more importance to sexual education were the ones that ranked higher the information they learned about sexuality (r = 0.236), had less unprotected sex due to lack of information (r = -0.363) or because they were under the effect of alcohol and/or drugs (r = -0.365) and had a superior classification in F2 (r = 0.380), F5 (r = 0.402) and in the total scale (r = 0.531). Discussion and conclusion: Adolescents that attributed greater importance to sexual education were the ones that ranked higher the information they possessed about sexuality. After initiating sexual activity, a greater importance attributed to sexual education seems to have a protective effect on risk-taking sexual behaviors

Accuracy of faecal calprotectin and neutrophil Gelatinase B-associated Lipocalin in evaluating subclinical inflammation in UlceRaTIVE colitis-the ACERTIVE study

Background and Aims: Mucosal healing and histological remission are different targets for patients with ulcerative colitis, but both rely on an invasive endoscopic procedure. This study aimed to assess faecal calprotectin and neutrophil gelatinase B-associated lipocalin as biomarkers for disease activity in asymptomatic ulcerative colitis patients. Methods: This was a multicentric cross-sectional study including 371 patients, who were classified according to their endoscopic and histological scores. These results were evaluated alongside the faecal levels of both biomarkers. Results: Macroscopic lesions [i.e. endoscopic Mayo score >= 1] were present in 28% of the patients, and 9% had active disease according to fht Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity. Moreover, 21% presented with histological inflammation according to the Geboes index, whereas 15% and 5% presented with focal and diffuse basal plasmacytosis, respectively. The faecal levels of calprotectin and neutrophil gelatinase B-associated lipocalin were statistically higher for patients with endoscopic lesions and histological activity. A receiver operating characteristic-based analysis revealed that both biomarkers were able to indicate mucosal healing and histological remission with an acceptable probability, and cut-off levels of 150-250 mu g/g for faecal calprotectin and 12 mu g/g for neutrophil gelatinase B-associated lipocalin were proposed. Conclusions: Faecal calprotectin and neutrophil gelatinase B-associated lipocalin levels are a valuable addition for assessment of disease activity in asymptomatic ulcerative colitis patients. Biological levels of the analysed biomarkers below the proposed thresholds can rule out the presence of macroscopic and microscopic lesions with a probability of 75-93%. However, caution should be applied whenever interpreting positive results, as these biomarkers present consistently low positive predictive values.Portuguese IBD Group [GEDII - Grupo de Estudo da Doenca Inflamatcria Intestinal]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Stress ocupacional e alteração do Estatuto da Carreira Docente português

Este estudo foi realizado com 1162 professores, tendo como objetivo analisar a experiência de stress e a síndrome de “burnout”, antes a após a alteração do Estatuto da Carreira Docente em Portugal. Assim, foram efetuadas duas avaliações em momentos temporais distintos, assumindo-se um plano transversal de recolha de dados (2004/2005, n=689 e 2008/2009, n=473). O protocolo de avaliação incluiu medidas de fontes de stress (Questionário de Stress nos Professores, Gomes, Silva, Mourisco, Mota, & Montenegro, 2006) e de “burnout” (Inventário de “Burnout” de Maslach – Versão para Professores, Maslach, Jackson, & Leiter, 1996; Maslach, Jackson, & Schwab, 1996, Adaptação de Gomes et al., 2006). Os resultados indicaram que a experiência de stress e de “burnout” aumentou entre as duas avaliações, verificando-se em 2008/2009 aumentos em áreas relacionadas com as pressões de tempo/excesso de trabalho e com o trabalho burocrático/administrativo e, inversamente, diminuições em áreas relacionadas com as diferentes capacidades e motivações dos alunos. Quanto à predição da síndrome de “burnout”, não se verificaram alterações substanciais nas variáveis preditoras nos dois momentos. Em síntese, os resultados indicaram aumentos nas exigências profissionais dos professores, mas não se pode afirmar que tal se deva às alterações do Estatuto da Carreira Docente uma vez que não observámos alterações no stress associado à carreira docente.(undefined

O jogo e o seu impacto no desenvolvimento de relações interpessoais: uma experiência on-line em contexto de pandemia

O presente relatório de estágio realizou-se no âmbito da unidade curricular de PPS, em articulação com a unidade curricular de Seminário e Orientação Educacional do Mestrado em Educação Préescolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. Este tem como objetivo compreender como o uso do jogo tem impacto no desenvolvimento de relações interpessoais das crianças. Para o efeito, foi desenvolvido um estudo exploratório para responder a uma questão: “Os jogos, em contexto educacional, podem constituir uma mais valia para potenciar as relações pessoais das crianças?”. Considerando os objetivos definidos, desenvolvemos um quadro teórico e político-legal que nos permitisse compreender o objeto de estudo. Desenvolvemos um estudo na realidade educativa que nos permitisse compreender as perceções dos participantes envolvidos na ação educativa. Em termos gerais, podemos afirmar que o jogo foi considerado uma mais valia no desenvolvimento das relações interpessoais das crianças. Por último, apresentamos o projeto de intervenção sustentado pela abordagem teórica que privilegiamos, pelo enquadramento legal atual e pelo estudo empírico realizado no contexto de educação de infância. O projeto de intervenção constitui uma estratégia global de ação onde é privilegiado o jogo como uma mais-valia ao desenvolvimento de relações interpessoais.This internship report was carried out within the scope of the PPS course unit, in conjunction with the Seminar and Educational Orientation course unit for the master’s degree in Pre-school Education and Teaching of the 1st Cycle of Basic Education. This aims to understand how the use of games has an impact on the development of children's interpersonal relationships. To this end, an exploratory study was developed to answer a question: “Can games, in an educational context, be an asset to enhance children's personal relationships?”. Considering the defined objectives, we developed a theoretical and political-legal framework that would allow us to understand the object of study. We developed a study on the educational reality that would allow us to understand the perceptions of the participants involved in the educational action. In general terms, we can say that the game was considered an asset in the development of children's interpersonal relationships. Finally, we present the intervention project supported by the theoretical approach that we favor, the current legal framework and the empirical study carried out in the context of childhood education. The intervention project constitutes a global strategy of action where the game is privileged as an asset to the development of interpersonal relationships.Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino no 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básic

Effects of limonene and essential oil from Citrus aurantium on gastric mucosa: Role of prostaglandins and gastric mucus secretion

Essential oil from Citrus aurantium and the monoterpene limonene are widely used flavoring agents that are found in some common food items. This specie is also used medicinally throughout the world to treat gastritis and gastric disorders. Therefore, biological assays were performed in vivo on essential oil of C aurantium (OEC) and its majority compound limonene (LIM) to evaluate their effect on gastric mucosa. The OEC (250 mg/kg, p.o.) and LIM (245 mg/kg, p.o.) provided effective (99%) gastroprotection against lesions induced by absolute ethanol and NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) in rats. OEC and LIM do not interfere with gastric H(+) secretion, serum gastrin or glutathione (GSH) level in gastric mucosa. But the gastroprotective action of OEC and LIM occurs due to an increase in the gastric mucus production induced by conserving the basal PGE(2) levels after challenge by agents harmful to the gastric mucosa. Given that LIM and OEC are excellent flavoring agents and also present gastroprotective actions, they can be regarded as a promising target for the development of a new drug for the prevention of gastric damage. Published by Elsevier B.V.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES