O NEOCONSTITUCIONALISMO E A COLABORAÇÃO DOS MÉTODOS AUTO COMPOSITIVOS COMO MEIO DE EFETIVAÇÃO DOS DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS

O objetivo da presente exposição é traçar um panorama do neoconstitucionalismo, especificamente no que tange a sua proposta hermenêutica. O estudo objetiva identificar qual a técnica de solução de Conflitos ventilada pelo neoconstitucionalismo. Para além disso, importa verificar se a técnica proposta realmente apresenta-se como pós-positivista, à luz da teoria estruturante do direito. O atual momento pelo qual passa o Poder Judiciário brasileiro há muito demonstra o esgotamento pelo qual passa nosso sistema jurisdicional, revelando-nos a insuficiência, ineficácia e, por vezes, a insatisfação gerada pela atuação jurisdicional do magistrado, como modelo tradicionalmente adotado para a resolução de conflitos em uma sociedade. É com vistas nesse cenário que a proposta deste trabalho se ancora no estudo dos Métodos Alternativos de Resolução de Conflitos como modelos aliados ao Poder Público, especialmente o Judiciário, e aptos a ampliar o acesso à justiça, de forma mais humana, equânime, legítima, e capazes de produzir desfechos idôneos a gerar efetiva satisfação para todas as partes em um litígio, Métodos Alternativos de Resolução de Conflitos são, teleologicamente, expressão do acesso à justiça enquanto direito fundamental previsto na Constituição Federal e, portanto, merecedores de aprimoramento em homenagem ao princípio da máxima efetividade dos direitos fundamentais

Skills in Reading and Mathematics: Perceptions of Teachers about the Possible Impacts of Remote Teaching on Students of the Elementary School, from a Neuropsychopedagogical Perspective

This study analyzed impacts caused by the emergency implementation of distance education, during the COVID 19 Pandemic, through the perceptions of 6th grade teachers in public schools located in Baixada Fluminense, State of Rio de Janeiro. Teachers participated, among the subjects of Portuguese Language and Mathematics, through Google Forms, which made it possible to collect data from those who are on the front line, working directly with our students. Our data proved that the pedagogical losses that occurred during the implementation period of remote teaching are significant. Therefore, we point out paths that are already yielding excellent results through evidence shown in schools, in loco, with the inclusion of Neuropsychopedagogy protocols, the science of learning. The notes and study shown here about the impacts of remote teaching on the learning of our students in basic skills in the curricular components of reading and Mathematics, suggest a great need to intensify studies on the subject and propose a dialogue with the theoretical and methodological contributions of Neuropsychopedagogy

INFECÇÃO COM TROFOZOÍTOS DE Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (CILIOPHORA) EM Poecilia vivipara (POECILIIDAE) COMO HOSPEDEIRO EXPERIMENTAL

Este trabalho estudou o grau de parasitismo em Poecilia vivipara infectado experimentalmente com trofozoítos de Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Em frascos de 400 mL de água com aeração constante foram acondicionados quatro peixes, com duas réplicas e adicionadas as quantidades de 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 e 20 trofozoítos/peixe. Os valores médios da temperatura da água, pH e oxigênio dissolvido foram de 19,5±0,39ºC, 6,35±0,09 e 7,02±0,45mg/L, respectivamente. Antes de se proceder à infecção, os animais foram tratados com solução de formalina 1:4000 durante uma hora por dois dias consecutivos. Obtiveram-se os parasitos de cinco alevinos de Salminus brasiliensis infectados, mantidos em placas de Petri com água por trinta minutos. Coletaram-se os trofozoítos com pipeta Pasteur e adicionou-se o número respectivo em cada tratamento. Para evitar que os parasitos ficassem aderidos às placas, cada uma foi mantida no respectivo frasco durante o período. Após sete dias, os peixes foram sacrificados e examinados, exceto os expostos a 20 trofozoítos/peixe, os quais morreram em dois dias. O valor médio do tratamento com 20 trofozoítos/peixe foi significativamente maior (

The burden of injury in Central, Eastern, and Western European sub-region : a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study

Background Injury remains a major concern to public health in the European region. Previous iterations of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study showed wide variation in injury death and disability adjusted life year (DALY) rates across Europe, indicating injury inequality gaps between sub-regions and countries. The objectives of this study were to: 1) compare GBD 2019 estimates on injury mortality and DALYs across European sub-regions and countries by cause-of-injury category and sex; 2) examine changes in injury DALY rates over a 20 year-period by cause-of-injury category, sub-region and country; and 3) assess inequalities in injury mortality and DALY rates across the countries. Methods We performed a secondary database descriptive study using the GBD 2019 results on injuries in 44 European countries from 2000 to 2019. Inequality in DALY rates between these countries was assessed by calculating the DALY rate ratio between the highest-ranking country and lowest-ranking country in each year. Results In 2019, in Eastern Europe 80 [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 71 to 89] people per 100,000 died from injuries; twice as high compared to Central Europe (38 injury deaths per 100,000; 95% UI 34 to 42) and three times as high compared to Western Europe (27 injury deaths per 100,000; 95%UI 25 to 28). The injury DALY rates showed less pronounced differences between Eastern (5129 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 4547 to 5864), Central (2940 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 2452 to 3546) and Western Europe (1782 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 1523 to 2115). Injury DALY rate was lowest in Italy (1489 DALYs per 100,000) and highest in Ukraine (5553 DALYs per 100,000). The difference in injury DALY rates by country was larger for males compared to females. The DALY rate ratio was highest in 2005, with DALY rate in the lowest-ranking country (Russian Federation) 6.0 times higher compared to the highest-ranking country (Malta). After 2005, the DALY rate ratio between the lowest- and the highest-ranking country gradually decreased to 3.7 in 2019. Conclusions Injury mortality and DALY rates were highest in Eastern Europe and lowest in Western Europe, although differences in injury DALY rates declined rapidly, particularly in the past decade. The injury DALY rate ratio of highest- and lowest-ranking country declined from 2005 onwards, indicating declining inequalities in injuries between European countries.Peer reviewe

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The complete genome sequence of Chromobacterium violaceum reveals remarkable and exploitable bacterial adaptability

Chromobacterium violaceum is one of millions of species of free-living microorganisms that populate the soil and water in the extant areas of tropical biodiversity around the world. Its complete genome sequence reveals (i) extensive alternative pathways for energy generation, (ii) ≈500 ORFs for transport-related proteins, (iii) complex and extensive systems for stress adaptation and motility, and (iv) wide-spread utilization of quorum sensing for control of inducible systems, all of which underpin the versatility and adaptability of the organism. The genome also contains extensive but incomplete arrays of ORFs coding for proteins associated with mammalian pathogenicity, possibly involved in the occasional but often fatal cases of human C. violaceum infection. There is, in addition, a series of previously unknown but important enzymes and secondary metabolites including paraquat-inducible proteins, drug and heavy-metal-resistance proteins, multiple chitinases, and proteins for the detoxification of xenobiotics that may have biotechnological applications