Aproximación teórica para la formulación de planes de lectura, escritura y oralitura

En el presente trabajo el lector se podrá encontrar con una serie de aproximaciones teóricas a los conceptos de lectura, escritura y oralidad (oralitura, entendida en un sentido más amplio), propuestos por Delia Lerner y Michele Petit, para así, encontrar una ruta por medio de la cual construir planes de lectura, escritura y oralidad en las escuelas, en los distintos niveles de la educación. Se busca condensar una serie de reflexiones en torno a experiencias vividas en comunidades; desde el campo artístico y docente, las cuales sean ejemplo para los profesores en ejercicio, y sirvan para crear sus propios dispositivos de promoción a la lectura en la escuela, así como proporcionar herramientas para llegar a la construcción de planes de lectura, escritura y oralidad. Es así como se dan algunas sugerencias en torno al canon literario alternativo, que puede ser útil en cuanto a los autores de literatura o promotores de lectura a nivel nacional, latinoamericano y universal, para compartir en el aula de clases. En general el trabajo privilegia los elementos contextuales y proporciona claridades generales para llevar a cabo el trabajo en cada contexto particular. Este es un elemento característico del presente texto, es decir, en el desarrollo metodológico no se pretende responder solo a las necesidades de la escuela como institución formal, sino que se integra a través de las estrategias y mecanismos de promoción a la lectura, a los estudiantes y toda la comunidad educativa: docentes, organizaciones sociales, biblioteca comunitaria, adultos mayores etc. Finalmente en el presente trabajo se podrá leer un concepto sobre el texto, donde este supera la concepción tradicional de letra impresa en el papel, y se encuentra en distintos formatos como: relatos lectores, experiencias vividas, lectura de contextos, entre otros

In vitro susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria to extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis and Caesalpinia spinosa

Introduction: Bacterial resistance to drugs affects the health and economy of thousands of families. An alternative is found in medicinal plants whose properties would allow treating or curing microbial infections. Objective: To evaluate the in vitro susceptibility of Escherichia coli strains that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus to ethanolic extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Caesalpinia spinosa. Methods: Quantitative, experimental and prospective research where ethanolic extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis and Caesalpinia spinosa at different concentrations (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg/mL) were tested against 3 strains of Escherichia coli ESBL, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The in vitro antibacterial potential of the extracts was established by the disk diffusion method, and the minimum concentrations to inhibit bacterial growth were also determined. Results: Rosmarinus officinalis extract at 500 mg/mL inhibited the in vitro growth of Staphylococcus aureus, observing an average inhibitory halo of 22.7 mm in diameter, but did not affect Escherichia coli ESBL and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Likewise, with a concentration of 500 mg/mL of Caesalpinia spinosa, the multiplication of Escherichia coli ESBL (16.7 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.6 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (31.8 mm) was inhibited. Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus strains are susceptible to ethanolic extracts prepared from Rosmarinus officinalis leaves and Caesalpinia spinosa pods. In addition, they inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli ESBL and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains when exposed to Caesalpinia spinosa extract

Fermented Goat’s Milk Consumption Improves Duodenal Expression of Iron Homeostasis Genes during Anemia Recovery

Despite the crucial roles of duodenal cytochrome b (Dcytb), divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), ferritin light chain (Ftl1), ferroportin 1 (FPN1), transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), and hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (Hamp) in Fe metabolism, no studies have investigated the modulations of these genes during Fe repletion with fermented milks. Analysis included Fe status markers and gene and protein expression in enterocytes of control and anemic animals fed fermented milks. Fermented goat’s milk up-regulated enterocyte Dcytb, DMT1, FPN1, and Ftl1 and down-regulated TfR1 and Hamp gene expression in control and anemic animals. Anemia decreased Dcytb, DMT1, and Ftl1 in animals fed fermented cow’s milk and up-regulated TfR1 and Hamp expression. Fe overload down-regulated Dcytb and TfR1 in animals fed fermented cow’s milk and up-regulated DMT1 and FPN1 gene expression. Fermented goat’s milk increased expression of duodenal Dcytb, DMT1, and FPN1 and decreased Hamp and TfR1, improving Fe metabolism during anemia recovery

Preliminary Design for Wave Run-Up in Offshore Wind Farms: Comparison between Theoretical Models and Physical Model Tests

Estimation of wave run-up has been of increasing concern for offshore wind structures and a critical aspect for designers. The highly nonlinear phenomenon makes the study difficult. That is the reason for the very few design rules and experimental data available to estimate it. Actual wave run-up is greater than commonly predicted. The goal of this research is to benchmark the theoretical formulations with the results of the physical model tests performed by Deltares in the field of crest elevation, run-up, forces and pressures. The laboratory reproduced in a wave tank (75 m length; 8.7 m width; 1 m depth; and a 1:60 scale, with Froude similarity) an offshore power converter platform located at intermediate water depths (25–43.80 m) in the Southern North Sea, designed by the Norwegian company Aibel. The purpose of this research is to offer a preliminary design guide for wave run–up using theoretical expressions both for cylinders and gravity based structures (GBS), leaning on the cited laboratory tests to validate the results obtained by such theoretical models.This research was funded by La Caixa PhD Program Fellowship

Nosocomial Vs. Community-Acquired Infective Endocarditis in Spain: Location, Trends, Clinical Presentation, Etiology, and Survival in the 21st Century

Major changes have occurred in the epidemiology and etiology of infective endocarditis (IE). Nevertheless, the differences between nosocomial infective endocarditis (NIE) and community-acquired infective endocarditis (CIE) have not been addressed in a population-based study. We conducted a retrospective, nationwide, temporal trend study from 1997 to 2014 analyzing the epidemiology, clinical, geographical, meteorological characteristics of patients diagnosed with IE in Spain, to distinguish NIE from CIE. Among 25,952 patients with IE (62.2 ± 18·6 years; 65.9% men), 45.9% had NIE. The incidence of IE increased from 2.83 to 3.73 due to the NIE incidence increment with a decline in CIE. Patients with NIE were older (63.8 years vs. 60.8 years, p < 0·001), presented a higher Charlson index (1.22 vs. 1.03, p < 0.001), a greater history of implanted cardiac devices (8.7% vs. 4.6%, p < 0.001), and higher mortality (31.5% vs. 21.7%, p < 0.001). The most frequent microorganism for both NIE and CIE was Staphylococcus (p < 0.001), and the North reported a higher incidence (p < 0.001). Risk factors of mortality for NIE were age, Charlson index, hemodialysis, shock, heart failure, and stroke. Risk factors for CIE included female sex, renal disease, and cardiac-device carriers. The etiology of IE shifted from community origins to mostly nosocomial-associated infections. Higher morbidity, mortality, and poorer outcomes are associated with NIE.This research received no external funding. The authors thank Consejería de Educación, Junta de Castilla y León, Spain (reference: VA161G18), for covering the publication charges of this article.S

Diseño de un sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica por evento centinela en dermatosis ocupacional

ABSTRACT: In occupational health it has been looked for to prioritize the preventive actions, to improve the system of information. To identify and to strengthen the notification of the illnesses related with the work, as well as to achieve a better understanding of the illnesses of occupational origin that affect the worker, especially on the part of the administrating of professional risks, the companies and the workers. In the Administration of Professional Risks Sectional Seguro Social Antioquia (ARP-SS), it was designed and tested a system of epidemic surveillance of occupational dermatosis for event sentry, which starts out from identifying the magnitude of the problem and the evaluation of the existent conditions for the occupational epidemic surveillance. The theoretical and practical approaches are settled down with regard to the handling of the information and the intervention, for the operation of the system of epidemic surveillance for event sentry, including the pilot test main results. The proposed system of surveillance promotes the articulation of the actions of surveillance between the lenders of services of health and the administrators of the attention, including the administrating of professional risks that facilitates the detection and opportune attention of the cases of dermatosis of occupational origin.RESUMEN: En salud ocupacional, especialmente por parte de las administradoras de riesgos profesionales, de las empresas y de los trabajadores, se han buscado priorizar las acciones preventivas, mejorar el sistema de información, identificar y fortalecer la notificación de las enfermedades relacionadas con el trabajo, así como lograr mejor comprensión de las enfermedades de origen ocupacional que afectan al trabajador. En la Administradora de Riesgos Profesionales Seguro Social Seccional de Antioquia (ARP-SS), se diseño y probo un sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica de dermatosis ocupacional por evento centinela, el cual parte de la identificación de la magnitud del problema y la valoración de las condiciones existentes para la vigilancia epidemiológica ocupacional. En este artículo se establecen los criterios teóricos y prácticos con respecto al manejo de la información y la intervención, para el funcionamiento del sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica por evento centinela, incluyendo los principales resultados de la prueba piloto. El sistema de vigilancia propuesto, promueve la articulación de las acciones de vigilancia entre los prestadores de servicios de salud y los administradores de la atención, incluyendo la administradora de riesgos profesionales, que facilite la detección y atención oportuna de los casos de dermatosis de origen ocupacional

Memorias Primer encuentro amazónico de experiencias de diálogo de saberes

Este libro reúne las memorias del Primer Encuentro de Experiencias Amazónicas de Diálogo de Saberes, que tuvo lugar del 10 al 12 de noviembre de 2008 en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Amazonia. Reúne los siguientes artículos: 1. Presentación / Catalina Pérez Niño y Juan A. Echeverri 2. Ceremonia de apertura / Carlos Zárate, Jairo Tocancipá, Anastasia Candre, Germán Palacio, Juan José Plata, Carlos Rodríguez y Juan A. Echeverri. 3. ¿Qué son “saberes” o “conocimientos” indígenas, y qué hay que entender por “diálogo”? / Jorge Gasché 4. Investigación social y diálogo de saberes / Juan José Plata 5. El conocimiento matapí para el manejo del mundo / Uldarico Matapí 6. El conocimiento de las plantas en el mundo nonuya / Abel Rodríguez 7. La investigación propia en la comunidad de Peña Roja / Fabián Moreno 8. La chagra y el bienestar de las comunidades indígenas del medio Caquetá / Iris Andoque 9. Discusión mesa indígena / Jorge Gasché, Jairo Tocancipá y Juan A. Echeverri 10. Historia local, economía propia y resistencia indígena del pueblo Kokonuco / Aldemar Bolaños, Mario López y Jairo Tocancipá 11. El diálogo de saberes en la determinación de la seguridad y la soberanía alimentaria: reflexiones en torno a experiencias con comunidades indígenas y campesinas del Cauca / Luis Alfredo Londoño 12. Interpretación y cambio del conocimiento indígena desde Occidente: casos dentro de los embera y los wayúu / Daniel Aguirre 13. En el enfrentamiento con el blanco o ahijuna / Rafael Segundo Mercado Epiey

Faculty of Business Administration Magazine Volume 4. Number 6

El comité de redacción de la Revista, desea expresamente reconocer la tesonera labor de todas las personas que han contibuído con su empeño, sin el cual hubiera sido imposible su publicación. Igual reconocimiento para los lectores a cuyas opiniones nos acogeremos y tendremos muy en cuenta.Editorial. - 5 Conferencia presentada en el 42 congreso de Fanalco en Pasto, octubre 1° a 4 de 1987. - 6 La planeación estratégic. - 11 El liderazgo de la empresa. - 13 La evaluación de proyectos de inversión. - 14 El administrador de empresas como soporte de una nueva Colombia. - 17 Juego gerenciasl: Un entrenamiento dinámico en la formación profesional. - 22 El administrador del futuro. - 24 Bases para elaborar el presupuesto en el sector público. - 25 Keynesianismo frente a la teoría de la oferta. - 29 Enseñanza de las humanidades - Por dónde empezar. - 34 Discurso de apertura del 4° congreso de la asociaión de administración de Pakistan. - 37 Apuntes geográficos de Santander provincia de San Gil o de Guanentá. - 43 Cómo establecer un programa de comunicaciones en su empresa. - 46 El Instituto Colombiano del Petroleo presencia de Ecopetrol en el área metropolitana de Bucaramanga. - 48The editorial committee of the Magazine expressly wishes to acknowledge the hard work of all the people who have contributed with their efforts, without which its publication would have been impossible. Equal recognition for the readers whose opinions we will welcome and take into account

Impact of operatoŕs experience on peri-procedural outcomes with Watchman FLX: Insights from the FLX-SPA registry

Background: The Watchman FLX is a device upgrade of the Watchman 2.5 that incorporates several design enhancements intended to simplify left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) and improve procedural outcomes. This study compares peri-procedural results of LAAO with Watchman FLX (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, Massachusetts) in centers with varying degrees of experience with the Watchman 2.5 and Watchman FLX. Methods: Prospective, multicenter, 'real-world' registry including consecutive patients undergoing LAAO with the Watchman FLX at 26 Spanish sites (FLX-SPA registry). Implanting centers were classified according to the center's prior experience with the Watchman 2.5. A further division of centers according to whether or not they had performed ≤ 10 or > 10Watchman FLX implants was prespecified at the beginning of the study. Procedural outcomes of institutions stratified according to their experience with the Watchman 2.5 and FLX devices were compared. Results: 359 patients [mean age 75.5 (SD8.1), CHA2DS2-VASc 4.4 (SD1.4), HAS-BLED 3.8(SD0.9)] were included. Global success rate was 98.6%, successful LAAO with the first selected device size was achieved in 95.5% patients and the device was implanted at first attempt in 78.6% cases. There were only 9(2.5%) major peri-procedural complications. No differences in efficacy or safety results according to the centeŕs previous experience with Watchman 2.5 and procedural volume with Watchman FLX existed. Conclusions: The Watchman FLX attains high procedural success rates with complete LAA sealing in unselected, real-world patients, along with a low incidence of peri-procedural complications, regardless of operatoŕs experience with its previous device iteration or the number of Watchman FLX devices implanted

Impact of the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the outcome of neurosurgical patients: A nationwide study in Spain

Objective To assess the effect of the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the outcome of neurosurgical patients in Spain. Settings The initial flood of COVID-19 patients overwhelmed an unprepared healthcare system. Different measures were taken to deal with this overburden. The effect of these measures on neurosurgical patients, as well as the effect of COVID-19 itself, has not been thoroughly studied. Participants This was a multicentre, nationwide, observational retrospective study of patients who underwent any neurosurgical operation from March to July 2020. Interventions An exploratory factorial analysis was performed to select the most relevant variables of the sample. Primary and secondary outcome measures Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of mortality and postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results Sixteen hospitals registered 1677 operated patients. The overall mortality was 6.4%, and 2.9% (44 patients) suffered a perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of those infections, 24 were diagnosed postoperatively. Age (OR 1.05), perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR 4.7), community COVID-19 incidence (cases/10 5 people/week) (OR 1.006), postoperative neurological worsening (OR 5.9), postoperative need for airway support (OR 5.38), ASA grade =3 (OR 2.5) and preoperative GCS 3-8 (OR 2.82) were independently associated with mortality. For SARS-CoV-2 postoperative infection, screening swab test <72 hours preoperatively (OR 0.76), community COVID-19 incidence (cases/10 5 people/week) (OR 1.011), preoperative cognitive impairment (OR 2.784), postoperative sepsis (OR 3.807) and an absence of postoperative complications (OR 0.188) were independently associated. Conclusions Perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection in neurosurgical patients was associated with an increase in mortality by almost fivefold. Community COVID-19 incidence (cases/10 5 people/week) was a statistically independent predictor of mortality. Trial registration number CEIM 20/217