617 research outputs found
Increased mortality from somatic multimorbidity in patients with schizophrenia:a Danish nationwide cohort study
Dissecting Allele Architecture of Early Onset IBD Using High-Density Genotyping
BACKGROUND: The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are common, complex disorders in which genetic and environmental factors are believed to interact leading to chronic inflammatory responses against the gut microbiota. Earlier genetic studies performed in mostly adult population of European descent identified 163 loci affecting IBD risk, but most have relatively modest effect sizes, and altogether explain only ~20% of the genetic susceptibility. Pediatric onset represents about 25% of overall incident cases in IBD, characterized by distinct disease physiology, course and risks. The goal of this study is to compare the allelic architecture of early onset IBD with adult onset in population of European descent. METHODS: We performed a fine mapping association study of early onset IBD using high-density Immunochip genotyping on 1008 pediatric-onset IBD cases (801 Crohn\u27s disease; 121 ulcerative colitis and 86 IBD undetermined) and 1633 healthy controls. Of the 158 SNP genotypes obtained (out of the 163 identified in adult onset), this study replicated 4% (5 SNPs out of 136) of the SNPs identified in the Crohn\u27s disease (CD) cases and 0.8% (1 SNP out of 128) in the ulcerative colitis (UC) cases. Replicated SNPs implicated the well known NOD2 and IL23R. The point estimate for the odds ratio (ORs) for NOD2 was above and outside the confidence intervals reported in adult onset. A polygenic liability score weakly predicted the age of onset for a larger collection of CD cases (p\u3c 0.03, R2= 0.007), but not for the smaller number of UC cases. CONCLUSIONS: The allelic architecture of common susceptibility variants for early onset IBD is similar to that of adult onset. This immunochip genotyping study failed to identify additional common variants that may explain the distinct phenotype that characterize early onset IBD. A comprehensive dissection of genetic loci is necessary to further characterize the genetic architecture of early onset IBD
Cell Spatial Analysis in Crohn's Disease: Unveiling Local Cell Arrangement Pattern with Graph-based Signatures
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory condition that
affects segments of the gastrointestinal tract. CD activity is determined by
histological findings, particularly the density of neutrophils observed on
Hematoxylin and Eosin stains (H&E) imaging. However, understanding the broader
morphometry and local cell arrangement beyond cell counting and tissue
morphology remains challenging. To address this, we characterize six distinct
cell types from H&E images and develop a novel approach for the local spatial
signature of each cell. Specifically, we create a 10-cell neighborhood matrix,
representing neighboring cell arrangements for each individual cell. Utilizing
t-SNE for non-linear spatial projection in scatter-plot and Kernel Density
Estimation contour-plot formats, our study examines patterns of differences in
the cellular environment associated with the odds ratio of spatial patterns
between active CD and control groups. This analysis is based on data collected
at the two research institutes. The findings reveal heterogeneous
nearest-neighbor patterns, signifying distinct tendencies of cell clustering,
with a particular focus on the rectum region. These variations underscore the
impact of data heterogeneity on cell spatial arrangements in CD patients.
Moreover, the spatial distribution disparities between the two research sites
highlight the significance of collaborative efforts among healthcare
organizations. All research analysis pipeline tools are available at
https://github.com/MASILab/cellNN.Comment: Submitted to SPIE Medical Imaging. San Diego, CA. February 202
20 ps Time Resolution with a Fully-Efficient Monolithic Silicon Pixel Detector without Internal Gain Layer
A second monolithic silicon pixel prototype was produced for the MONOLITH
project. The ASIC contains a matrix of hexagonal pixels with 100 {\mu}m pitch,
readout by a low-noise and very fast SiGe HBT frontend electronics. Wafers with
50 {\mu}m thick epilayer of 350 {\Omega}cm resistivity were used to produce a
fully depleted sensor. Laboratory and testbeam measurements of the analog
channels present in the pixel matrix show that the sensor has a 130 V wide
bias-voltage operation plateau at which the efficiency is 99.8%. Although this
prototype does not include an internal gain layer, the design optimised for
timing of the sensor and the front-end electronics provides a time resolutions
of 20 ps.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figure
Radiation Tolerance of SiGe BiCMOS Monolithic Silicon Pixel Detectors without Internal Gain Layer
A monolithic silicon pixel prototype produced for the MONOLITH ERC Advanced
project was irradiated with 70 MeV protons up to a fluence of 1 x 10^16 1 MeV
n_eq/cm^2. The ASIC contains a matrix of hexagonal pixels with 100 {\mu}m
pitch, readout by low-noise and very fast SiGe HBT frontend electronics. Wafers
with 50 {\mu}m thick epilayer with a resistivity of 350 {\Omega}cm were used to
produce a fully depleted sensor. Laboratory tests conducted with a 90Sr source
show that the detector works satisfactorily after irradiation. The
signal-to-noise ratio is not seen to change up to fluence of 6 x 10^14 n_eq
/cm^2 . The signal time jitter was estimated as the ratio between the voltage
noise and the signal slope at threshold. At -35 {^\circ}C, sensor bias voltage
of 200 V and frontend power consumption of 0.9 W/cm^2, the time jitter of the
most-probable signal amplitude was estimated to be 21 ps for proton fluence up
to 6 x 10 n_eq/cm^2 and 57 ps at 1 x 10^16 n_eq/cm^2 . Increasing the sensor
bias to 250 V and the analog voltage of the preamplifier from 1.8 to 2.0 V
provides a time jitter of 40 ps at 1 x 10^16 n_eq/cm^2.Comment: Submitted to JINS
Technical Design Report for the PANDA Solenoid and Dipole Spectrometer Magnets
This document is the Technical Design Report covering the two large
spectrometer magnets of the PANDA detector set-up. It shows the conceptual
design of the magnets and their anticipated performance. It precedes the tender
and procurement of the magnets and, hence, is subject to possible modifications
arising during this process.Comment: 10 pages, 14MB, accepted by FAIR STI in May 2009, editors: Inti
Lehmann (chair), Andrea Bersani, Yuri Lobanov, Jost Luehning, Jerzy Smyrski,
Technical Coordiantor: Lars Schmitt, Bernd Lewandowski (deputy),
Spokespersons: Ulrich Wiedner, Paola Gianotti (deputy
Charge separation relative to the reaction plane in Pb-Pb collisions at TeV
Measurements of charge dependent azimuthal correlations with the ALICE
detector at the LHC are reported for Pb-Pb collisions at TeV. Two- and three-particle charge-dependent azimuthal correlations in
the pseudo-rapidity range are presented as a function of the
collision centrality, particle separation in pseudo-rapidity, and transverse
momentum. A clear signal compatible with a charge-dependent separation relative
to the reaction plane is observed, which shows little or no collision energy
dependence when compared to measurements at RHIC energies. This provides a new
insight for understanding the nature of the charge dependent azimuthal
correlations observed at RHIC and LHC energies.Comment: 12 pages, 3 captioned figures, authors from page 2 to 6, published
version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/286
A note on comonotonicity and positivity of the control components of decoupled quadratic FBSDE
In this small note we are concerned with the solution of Forward-Backward
Stochastic Differential Equations (FBSDE) with drivers that grow quadratically
in the control component (quadratic growth FBSDE or qgFBSDE). The main theorem
is a comparison result that allows comparing componentwise the signs of the
control processes of two different qgFBSDE. As a byproduct one obtains
conditions that allow establishing the positivity of the control process.Comment: accepted for publicatio
Multiplicity dependence of jet-like two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at = 5.02 TeV
Two-particle angular correlations between unidentified charged trigger and
associated particles are measured by the ALICE detector in p-Pb collisions at a
nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The transverse-momentum
range 0.7 5.0 GeV/ is examined,
to include correlations induced by jets originating from low
momen\-tum-transfer scatterings (minijets). The correlations expressed as
associated yield per trigger particle are obtained in the pseudorapidity range
. The near-side long-range pseudorapidity correlations observed in
high-multiplicity p-Pb collisions are subtracted from both near-side
short-range and away-side correlations in order to remove the non-jet-like
components. The yields in the jet-like peaks are found to be invariant with
event multiplicity with the exception of events with low multiplicity. This
invariance is consistent with the particles being produced via the incoherent
fragmentation of multiple parton--parton scatterings, while the yield related
to the previously observed ridge structures is not jet-related. The number of
uncorrelated sources of particle production is found to increase linearly with
multiplicity, suggesting no saturation of the number of multi-parton
interactions even in the highest multiplicity p-Pb collisions. Further, the
number scales in the intermediate multiplicity region with the number of binary
nucleon-nucleon collisions estimated with a Glauber Monte-Carlo simulation.Comment: 23 pages, 6 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 17,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/161
Multi-particle azimuthal correlations in p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
Measurements of multi-particle azimuthal correlations (cumulants) for charged
particles in p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions are presented. They help address the
question of whether there is evidence for global, flow-like, azimuthal
correlations in the p-Pb system. Comparisons are made to measurements from the
larger Pb-Pb system, where such evidence is established. In particular, the
second harmonic two-particle cumulants are found to decrease with multiplicity,
characteristic of a dominance of few-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions.
However, when a gap is placed to suppress such correlations,
the two-particle cumulants begin to rise at high-multiplicity, indicating the
presence of global azimuthal correlations. The Pb-Pb values are higher than the
p-Pb values at similar multiplicities. In both systems, the second harmonic
four-particle cumulants exhibit a transition from positive to negative values
when the multiplicity increases. The negative values allow for a measurement of
to be made, which is found to be higher in Pb-Pb collisions at
similar multiplicities. The second harmonic six-particle cumulants are also
found to be higher in Pb-Pb collisions. In Pb-Pb collisions, we generally find
which is indicative of a Bessel-Gaussian
function for the distribution. For very high-multiplicity Pb-Pb
collisions, we observe that the four- and six-particle cumulants become
consistent with 0. Finally, third harmonic two-particle cumulants in p-Pb and
Pb-Pb are measured. These are found to be similar for overlapping
multiplicities, when a gap is placed.Comment: 25 pages, 11 captioned figures, 3 tables, authors from page 20,
published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/87
- âŠ