Nano-particle derived from chaetomium cuprem cc3003 against Anthracnose of coffee var. Arabica

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is proved to be a pathogenic isolate causing anthracnose disease on coffee var. Arabica in Lao PDR. Chaetomium cupreum CC3003 inhibits sporulation of C. gloeosporiodes by 42.60 % in 30 days. The tested nano CCH, nano CCE and nano CCM derived from C. cupreum CC3003 significantly inhibits C. gloeosporioides that cause coffee anthracnose at low concentrations of about 3-15 ppm. The tested nano-particles applied to inoculated coffee seedlings significantly reduce coffee anthracnose. Research and development on nano-particles extracted from fungi are necessary to discover new strategies to control plant disease

Anti-invasive effects of curcuminoid compounds from Curcuma aromatica Salisb. on murine colon 26-L5 carcinoma cells

ショウガ科に属する Curcuma aromatica Salisb. の根茎のクロロホルム抽出エキスから,化学構造の明らかな4種のクルクミンおよびその関連化合物:curcumin(CA-1),demethoxycurcumin(CA-2),5\u27-methoxycurcumin(CA-3),bisdemethoxycurcumin(CA-4)を分離した。これらの化合物を用いてマウス結腸癌細胞(colon 26-L5)に対する増殖,基底膜への浸潤,細胞運動に及ぼす効果について検討した。クルクミン(CA-1)とその関連化合物(CA-2,3 および4)は,細胞に対して傷害性を示さない10μMの濃度において,マウス結腸癌細胞の基底膜への浸潤を抑制した(それぞれ22.8,28.9,10.3および62.0%の抑制率)。この癌細胞の運動能に対しても同様の抑制効果が観察された。これらのクルクミン関連化合物の中で,CA-4は強い抑制活性を持ち,癌細胞の浸潤および運動能に対して濃度依存的な抑制効果を示した。このように,クルクミン関連化合物の芳香族環のhydroxyl基およびmethoxyl基が癌細胞の浸潤活性の発現と関係している可能性が示唆された。 Bioassay-directed fractionation of the active chloroform extract from the rhizomes of Curcuma aromatica Salisb. (Zingiberaceae) led to the isolation of four main curcuminoid constituents: curcumin (CA-1), demethoxycurcumin (CA-2), 5\u27-methoxycurcumin (CA-3) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (CA-4). This is the first report to describe the isolation of CA-3 from C. aromatica. The chemical structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of spectral analysis and their inhibitory effects on the proliferation, invasion and migration of murine colon 26-L5 adenocarcinoma cells were evaluated in vitro. Curcumin and its analogues (CA-2, 3 and 4), at the non-cytotoxic concentration of 10μM, inhibited the invasive ability of colon 26-L5 cells to the ranges of 22.8, 28.9, 10.3 and 62.0%, respectively. A similar effect of these constituents on the migration of colon 26-L5 cells was also observed. Among these curcuminoids, CA-4 showed the strongest activities, inhibiting both tumor cell invasion and migration in a concentration-dependent manner

Evaluation of bio-agent formulations to control Fusarium wilt of tomato

The ED50 value of antagonistic substance from Chaetomium globosum N0802 extracted with hexane was 157 μg/ml. This gave the highest inhibition of conidial production of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici causing tomato wilt var Sida. Crude hexane from Chaetomium lucknowense CLT and crude methanol from Trichoderma harzianum PC01 gave ED50 values of 188 and 192 μg/ml. It clearly demonstrated that antagonistic substances from all tested fungi could be deformed and this could break the conidial cells. The bio-agent formulations namely N0802, CLT and PC01 gave significantly highest disease reduction of tomato wilt which were 44.68, 36.28 and 41.01%, respectively, followed by prochoraz (21.95%). All tested bio-agent formulations could significantly increase the yield of tomato when compared to prochoraz and inoculated control. It is concluded that C. globosum, C. lucknowense and T. harzianumKeywords: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Chaetomium globosum, Chaetomium lucknowense, Trichoderma harzianum, bio-agent formulationsAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 9(36), pp. 5836-5844, 6 September, 201

1,3-Dihydr­oxy-2-methoxy­methyl-9,10-anthraquinone from Rennellia elliptica Korth.

The title compound, C16H12O5, common name: lucidin ω-methyl ether, exists as a planar mol­ecule (r.m.s. deviation = 0.04 Å). Within the mol­ecule, the 1-hydr­oxy group forms a hydrogen bond to the adjacent carbonyl O atom, and the 3-hydr­oxy group forms a hydrogen bond to the adjacent meth­oxy O atom. The meth­oxy O atom is disordered over two positions of equal occupancy

Phylogenetic Identification of Fungi Isolated from the Marine Sponge Tethya aurantium and Identification of Their Secondary Metabolites

Fungi associated with the marine sponge Tethya aurantium were isolated and identified by morphological criteria and phylogenetic analyses based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. They were evaluated with regard to their secondary metabolite profiles. Among the 81 isolates which were characterized, members of 21 genera were identified. Some genera like Acremonium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Phoma, and Trichoderma are quite common, but we also isolated strains belonging to genera like Botryosphaeria, Epicoccum, Parasphaeosphaeria, and Tritirachium which have rarely been reported from sponges. Members affiliated to the genera Bartalinia and Volutella as well as to a presumably new Phoma species were first isolated from a sponge in this study. On the basis of their classification, strains were selected for analysis of their ability to produce natural products. In addition to a number of known compounds, several new natural products were identified. The scopularides and sorbifuranones have been described elsewhere. We have isolated four additional substances which have not been described so far. The new metabolite cillifuranone (1) was isolated from Penicillium chrysogenum strain LF066. The structure of cillifuranone (1) was elucidated based on 1D and 2D NMR analysis and turned out to be a previously postulated intermediate in sorbifuranone biosynthesis. Only minor antibiotic bioactivities of this compound were found so far

Analysis of additivity and synergism in the anti-plasmodial effect of purified compounds from plant extracts

In the search for antimalarials from ethnobotanical origin, plant extracts are chemically fractionated and biological tests guide the isolation of pure active compounds. To establish the responsibility of isolated active compound(s) to the whole antiplasmodial activity of a crude extract, the literature in this field was scanned and results were analysed quantitatively to find the contribution of the pure compound to the activity of the whole extract. It was found that, generally, the activity of isolated molecules could not account on their own for the activity of the crude extract. It is suggested that future research should take into account the “drugs beside the drug”, looking for those products (otherwise discarded along the fractionation process) able to boost the activity of isolated active compounds

Recent Applications of Acyclic (Diene)iron Complexes and (Dienyl)iron Cations in Organic Synthesis

Complexation of (tricarbonyl)iron to an acyclic diene serves to protect the ligand against oxidation, reduction, and cycloaddition reactions, whereas the steric bulk of this adjunct serves to direct the approaches of reagents to unsaturated groups attached to the diene onto the face opposite to iron. Furthermore, the Fe(CO)3 moiety can serve to stabilize carbocation centers adjacent to the diene (i.e. pentadienyl-iron cations). Recent applications of these reactivities to the synthesis of polyene-, cyclopropane-, cycloheptadiene-, and cyclohexenone-containing natural products or analogues are presented